弹性曲梁几何非线性精确模型及其数值解

基于直法线假设,采用轴线可伸长梁的几何非线性理论,建立了弹性曲梁在任意荷载(保守和非保守)作用下的静态大变形数学模型。其中包含了轴线弧长、轴线位移、横截面转角、内力等七个独立未知函数。通过引进变形后的弧长为未知函数,使得问题的求解区间为未变形梁的轴线长度。该模型不仅考虑了轴线伸长,同时精确地考虑了梁的初始曲率对变形的影响以及轴向变形与弯曲变形之间的相互耦合效应。作为应用,采用打靶法计算了悬臂半圆形曲梁在沿轴线均布的切向随动载荷作用下的非线性平面弯曲问题,给出了随载荷参数大范围变化的平衡路径曲线及平衡构形。     

弹性地基上复合材料夹层梁的热过屈曲

通过考虑轴线可伸长变化及剪切变形等因素影响,建立了热载荷作用下复合材料夹层梁受弹性地基约束时的几何非线性控制方程。利用打靶法数值求解所得强非线性边值问题,并获得了一边不可移铰支一边固定的夹层梁在横向均匀升温作用下的静态热过屈曲和热弯曲变形数值解。给出了临界升温与地基弹性参数之间的关系曲线,得到了模态跃迁性质,分析了载荷热与地基刚度参数对一阶模态的过屈曲平衡构形的影响。     

非对称支承弹性杆的热过屈曲

本文基于轴线可伸长细杆的几何非线性理论,建立了一端固定夹紧另一端固定简支的均匀加热直杆热弹性过屈曲行为的精确数学模型。这是一个包含杆轴线弧长在内的多未知函数的强非线性一阶常微分方程两点边值问题。采用打靶法和解析延拓法直接数值求解上述非线性边值问题,获得了杆的热过屈曲状态解,给出了具有不同长细比杆的热过屈曲平衡路径。     

双层梁在均匀升温场内的几何非线性问题

基于精确的几何非线性理论,建立了轴线可伸长双层梁在温度载荷作用下的非线性弯曲控制方程。其中包含了由于材料在横向非均匀分布而导致的拉-弯耦合项。应用打靶法数值求解相应的非线性边值问题,得到了均匀加热下两端不可移简支双层梁的热弯曲数值解。作为算例,给出了由铜和钢组成的双金属梁的平衡构形和平衡路径,分析和讨论了几何和物理参数对梁变形的影响。     

功能梯度压杆在均布载荷作用下的后屈曲形态

对受均布载荷作用功能梯度材料(FGM)压杆的屈曲及后屈曲行为进行了分析。基于杆的大变形理论, 考虑杆的轴线伸长, 建立了受均布载荷作用下细长FGM压杆的几何非线性平衡方程, 其中假设FGM杆的性质沿厚度方向按照幂函数连续变化。采用打靶法和解析延拓法数值求解非线性两点边值问题, 获得了一端自由一端固定FGM杆的后屈曲数值解。给出了不同梯度指标下FGM杆的后屈曲特征曲线, 并与金属和陶瓷两种单相材料杆的相应特性进行了比较, 分析和讨论了材料的梯度性质参数对杆变形的影响。结果表明: FGM杆后屈曲行为与各向同性均质杆有很大区别, 梯度指数对杆的屈曲载荷以及后屈曲形态有明显的影响。      

弹性地基上加热弹性圆板的热过屈曲及临界屈曲模态跃迁

基于von Kármán薄板理论建立了Winkler弹性基础上弹性圆板在均匀升温下的轴对称热过屈曲控制方程。这是一组以中面位移为基本未知量的非线性常微分方程,其中包含了温度载荷和弹性地基刚度两个参数。采用打靶法数值求解相应的非线性两点边值问题,获得了周边不可移简支圆板的热屈曲及热过屈曲响应。绘出了前三阶屈曲模态对应的临界温度载荷随地基参数连续变化的特性曲线,获得了反映临界热屈曲模态跃迁特性的地基参数值。给出了弹性圆板按一阶模态失稳后的热过屈曲平衡路径和平衡构形,分析了地基刚度参数对临界屈曲温度载荷以及过屈曲平衡构形的影响。     

轴向力作用下非对称支承Euler-Bernoulli梁在过屈曲前后的横向自由振动

基于轴线可伸长杆的几何非线性理论，建立了Euler-Bemoulli梁在轴向载荷作用下过屈曲横向自由振动的精确模型，并采用打靶法数值求解了一端可移简支一端固定的Euler-Bemoulli梁在过屈曲前后的小振幅自由振动，获得了线性振动的响应。结果表明，轴向力对过屈曲前后梁的各阶固有频率均有影响。     

含脱层单向铺设层合梁非线性后屈曲分析

采用四分区模型,将含脱层单向铺设复合材料层合板梁分为4个子梁,根据复合材料层合理论,考虑后屈曲路径上位于脱层界面上、下子梁之间的局部受力与变形机制,建立了子梁之间接触力与变形之间的非线性定量关系。在此基础上,结合可伸长梁的几何非线性理论,推导出了计及接触效应的各子梁的非线性后屈曲控制方程。设定简支板梁的边界条件以及脱层前沿处各子梁之间力和位移的连续性条件,通过对控制方程和定解条件归一化,采用小参数摄动法求解,并根据梁的平衡微分方程的特点,解析其通解与特解的构造,获得了含脱层单向铺设层合梁受轴向压力作用的临界屈曲荷载及后屈曲平衡路径的理论解。通过对含脱层单向铺设的复合材料层合梁进行数值分析,综合讨论了脱层长度和深度等对层合板梁的临界屈曲载荷及接触性能的影响,并将所得的理论解与ABAQUS有限元分析得到的结果进行对比,结果表明二者高度吻合。研究发现梁的屈曲模态包含宏观的整体失效模态和界面的微观屈曲模态。梁的屈曲荷载和接触性能都是其固有属性,前者受梁的几何参数和材料参数的影响较显著,而后者则主要受脱层的位置和大小影响。     

弹性约束下Timoshenko夹层梁的热屈曲行为研究

综合考虑构件轴线伸长和1阶横向剪切变形等条件下,建立横向受热作用且周围有弹性支承约束的夹层梁几何非线性精确数学模型。利用打靶法数值方法获得了两端转角弹簧与横向弹性地基共同约束时夹层梁的静态热过屈曲数值解。改变梁端转角弹簧刚度,获得不同的临界屈曲温度;当改变夹层梁物性参数时,给出平均升温参数与水平轴向压力之间的关系曲线;当两端转角弹簧刚度和弹性地基刚度同时给定时,分析非均匀升温参数与夹层梁热过屈曲和热弯曲组合变形之间的关系。     

非均匀热载荷作用下功能梯度梁的非线性静态响应

由于功能梯度材料结构沿厚度方向的非均匀材料特性,使得夹紧和简支条件的功能梯度梁有着相当不同的行为特征。该文给出了热载荷作用下,功能梯度梁非线性静态响应的精确解。基于非线性经典梁理论和物理中面的概念导出了功能梯度梁的非线性控制方程。将两个方程化简为一个四阶积分-微分方程。对于两端夹紧的功能梯度梁,其方程和相应的边界条件构成微分特征值问题;但对于两端简支的功能梯度梁,由于非齐次边界条件,将不会得到一个特征值问题。导致了夹紧与简支的功能梯度梁有着完全不同的行为特征。直接求解该积分-微分方程,得到了梁过屈曲和弯曲变形的闭合形式解。利用这个解可以分析梁的屈曲、过屈曲和非线性弯曲等非线性变形现象。最后,利用数值结果研究了材料梯度性质和热载荷对功能梯度梁非线性静态响应的影响。     

On a compressed elastic–plastic column optimized for post-buckling behaviour

A model of a column is proposed in order to analyse the post-buckling behaviour of a structural element in the elastic–plastic deformation range. The ideal two point I-section applied here simplifies the deformation analysis, that is, the problem of development of plastic zones in a section is eliminated, but still gives the possibility for qualitative analysis and optimization of the post-critical equilibrium paths. The coefficients of linear or parabolic variability of thickness of the flanges and their distance (web width) are accepted as model parameters and hence could be used for design variables in the optimization procedure. Moreover, the stiffness of an additional elastic support of the free end of the beam is also included as a parameter or design variable. A material model is employed with non-linear asymptotic isotropic hardening without the Bauschinger effect. Change of the tangent modulus is continuous and smooth during the transition from the elastic to plastic deformation range. The main goal of the analysis is to determine the values of the design variables for which the post-critical equilibrium paths are stable at least in the specified range of a generalized displacement. The constraints for the constant volume of the flanges and web material are applied. The inequality constraints are imposed on the flange thickness and web width. Various formulations of the optimization problem are proposed for all types of non-linear behaviour, including elastic or plastic buckling and elastic or elastic–plastic post-buckling deformation.     

Post-buckling analysis of stiffened braided cylindrical shells under combined external pressure and axial compression

A post-buckling analysis is presented for a stiffened braided thin shell subjected to combined loading of external pressure and axial compression. The effects of the nonlinear large deflection and the initial geometrical imperfection are considered in the formulations. The analysis uses perturbation method to determine the interactive buckling loads and the post-buckling equilibrium paths and a three-cell model are used to obtain the elastic constants of braided shell. Some effects such as imperfection parameter, stiffened and Braiding parameters on the post-buckling path are discussed in the article.     

Maximum circumferential stress criterion applied to orthotropic materials

The topic of the paper is the extension of the Maximum Circumferential Tensile Stress Criterion to orthotropic materials, to obtain the crack initiation angle and the fracture loci. It includes the effects of orthotropy, load biaxiality and non‐singular terms. It requires the solution of the elastostatic problem of an orthotropic plate having a central inclined crack and subjected at infinity to a uniform biaxial load. It is assumed that the crack line does not coincide with an axis of elastic symmetry of the body. The original problem has been transformed by rotation into a system of coordinates with one axis along the crack. The effects of the rotation of the reference system on the stress–strain equations as well as on the equilibrium equations have been considered. The stress field is represented in terms of two potential functions and the crack problem is solved by means of the superposition principle.     

非保守功能梯度材料杆的后屈曲分析

对受切向均布随从力作用的右端可移简支功能梯度材料(FGM)杆,基于轴线可伸长杆的大变形理论建立了非线性控制微分方程组,用打靶法对由金属和陶瓷所构成的FGM杆的后屈曲特性进行了数值分析,给出了不同梯度指标下FGM杆的后屈曲特征曲线,并与金属和陶瓷两种单相材料杆的相应特性进行了比较,讨论了FGM杆长高比对其后屈曲特性的影响。     

Looping post-buckling paths of an axially loaded elastic cylindrical shell

We present first-order and second-order iteration solutions to the Donnell cylinder equations for the post-buckling response of an axially loaded elastic cylindrical shell. Both solutions possess looping equilibrium paths with a remote bifurcation point, a feature inaccessible to standard linear perturbation analysis. The implication of this result for linear perturbation theory is discussed.     

POST-BUCKLING ANALYSIS WITH FRICTIONAL CONTACTS COMBINING COMPLEMENTARITY RELATIONS AND AN ARC-LENGTH METHOD

A linear complementarity problem formulation combined with an arc-length method is presented for post-buckling analysis of geometrically non-linear structures with frictional contact constraints. The arc-length method with updated normal plane constraint is used to trace the equilibrium paths of the structures after limit points. Under the proportional loading assumption, the unknown load scale parameter used in the arc-length method is expressed in terms of contact forces, and eliminated to formulate as a linear complementarity problem. The unknown contact variables such as contact status and contact forces can be directly solved in this formulation without any ad hoc technique. Complicated non-linear buckling behaviours, such as snap-buckling, can be efficiently solved by the developed method, as shown by several buckling and post-buckling problems with frictional contact constraints.     

Application of the δc-Model to the Strength Analysis of Orthotropic Cylindrical Shells with Cracks

We propose a method for the investigation of the limiting equilibrium of an elastoplastic orthotropic cylindrical shell with cracks. The idea of this method is to reduce the elastoplastic problem, by using an analog of the _c -model, to the problem of elastic equilibrium of an orthotropic shell with cracks of unknown length whose lips are subjected to the action of unknown forces and moments satisfying the conditions of plasticity of thin shells. The equations of the Timoshenko-type theory of shells and the methods of generalized functions are used to reduce the elastic problem to the system of singular integral equations with unknown limits of integration and discontinuous right-hand parts. We construct a numerical solution of this system and study the dependence of the crack-tip opening displacement and the sizes of the plastic zones on the geometric and mechanical parameters of the orthotropic and transversely isotropic shell.