聚乙烯粉末涂料的改性研究

采用熔体复合技术制备了纳米TiO2改性聚乙烯粉末涂料，测定了其熔体流动速度，力学性能，涂膜性能和纳米TiO2粒子的分散性。采用该技术还制备了马来酸酐接枝改性聚乙烯粉末涂料，测定了其力学性能和接枝率。研究结果表明：纳米TiO2改性聚乙烯粉末涂料中的纳米粒子达到了纳米级分散。在提高涂膜力学性能的同时，明显改善了涂膜的柔韧性和流平性；马来酸酐接枝改性聚乙烯粉末涂料通过在聚乙烯主链上引入极性基团。在提高涂膜力学性能的同时，也提高了其对底材的附着力。     

高附着力聚乙烯粉末涂料制备与性能研究

通过优选聚乙烯原料对配方进行改性，制备出高附着力聚乙烯粉末涂料。研究了不同原料及添加量对聚乙烯粉末涂料力学性能和涂膜性能的影响。研究结果表明，添加增黏树脂后，聚乙烯粉末涂料的附着力和流平性得到显著提高，同时，提高了粉末涂层的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率。当增黏树脂添加量为5%时，聚乙烯粉末涂料的各项性能指标均满足工程要求，且生产成本最优。     

叔碳酸缩水甘油酯在粉末涂料聚酯树脂合成中的应用研究

采用叔碳酸缩水甘油酯(E10P)对聚酯树脂进行改性研究,并以其制备了粉末涂料及涂层.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射图谱(XRD)、凝胶色谱仪(GPC)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了改性聚酯的性质,考察了采用改性聚酯制备的粉末涂料及涂层的流动性能、耐溶剂性能、耐水性能和人工加速老化(UVB-313)...     

新型含Si环氧丙烯酸酯纳米涂层的制备及性能

为了制备耐热、阻燃性能优异的新型含Si环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)纳米涂层,以KH-570改性纳米SiO2和有机硅改性EA作紫外固化(UV)组分,并在配方中加入纳米Mg(OH)2,制备了系列UV固化新型含Si EA纳米涂层。通过红外光谱仪、紫外可见光谱仪、SEM、氧指数仪、热重分析仪等研究了UV固化体系涂膜耐热、阻燃及光学性能。结果表明:在有机硅改性EA中添加KH-570改性纳米SiO2,可以提高纳米涂层热稳定性和阻燃性,同时使其保持优良透明性;当改性纳米SiO2含量达5%时,涂膜耐热、阻燃性能均最佳;同时在体系中加入纳米Mg(OH)2,可进一步改善体系的阻燃效果。     

聚乙烯粉末涂料的现状与发展

粉末涂料是一种低公害涂料，具有表涂层美观、坚轫的特点。由于经济原因，聚乙烯粉末涂料在大陆仍有市埸。大陆北京化工大学的专家赵汩凡先生撰文综述了聚乙烯粉末涂料的特点、制法及其应用，以及纳米复合粉末涂料的研究进展，并展望了聚乙烯粉末涂料未来的发展方向。     

纳米钛改性聚合物的制备及其在涂层中的应用

通过高速球磨与硅烷偶联剂KH560及环氧树脂接枝的物理-化学结合法处理2 500目的钛粉,得到纳米钛改性聚合物,利用重力沉降法和质量法测试了它的分散性。当以球料比4∶1和转速700 r/min球磨4 h,以及KH560的使用量为钛粉质量的1.0%时,所得纳米钛改性聚合物的分散性最好。纳米钛改性聚合物在离心烘干后有明显的分层。根据X射线衍射和热重分析的测试结果推断,离心管最上层的物质才是目标产物。以改性较好的纳米钛聚合物作为原料,与环氧树脂及其固化剂一起在马口铁上制备了涂层。当纳米钛改性聚合物含量为8.0%(质量分数,后同),消泡剂、流平剂和润湿分散剂分别为0.1%、0.2%和0.5%时,所制环氧涂层的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能最好。     

改性纳米二氧化硅对聚乙烯的热性能及阻燃性能的影响

本文选择了3种经不同表面改性处理的纳米SiO2,采用热分析(TG)和红外光谱(FTIR)对聚乙烯/改性纳米SiO2复合材料的热稳定性能及结构变化进行了研究,并将其用于无卤阻燃聚乙烯体系,针对改性纳米SiO2对无卤阻燃聚乙烯阻燃性能和力学性能的影响进行了分析.研究结果表明,与未改性纳米SiO2相比,经改性处理的纳米SiO2有利于提高复合材料的热稳定性能,延缓聚乙烯的热氧化降解,经适当改性处理,可使纳米复合材料的热稳定性高于聚乙烯.FTIR结果证实二氧化硅主要发挥物理作用,改性方法对降解后体系结构影响不大.改性纳米SiO2显著提高了无卤阻燃聚乙烯的阻燃性能,在填料用量相同时,可获得力学性能和阻燃性能较佳的材料.     

锆钛转化膜在镁合金车轮上耐腐蚀的研究

为了提高镁合金车轮表面的耐腐蚀性能,研究了锆钛转化膜在镁合金汽车轮毂上腐蚀性能。采用正交试验方法,研究锆钛转化膜工艺影响因素。转化膜处理后进行环氧粉末涂料喷涂,通过附着力、CASS和FILIFORM试验检查涂层性能。通过正交试验得出最佳转化膜处理工艺方案为:碱洗50 g/L,酸洗5.5 g/L,无铬钝化液40 g/L,封闭0.1 g/L,锆钛转化膜提高了镁合金轮毂表面涂层的附着力和耐腐蚀性。     

聚氨酯丙烯酸酯/SiO_2纳米杂化涂层的制备及其性能研究

采用不同相对分子质量的聚乙二醇(PEG-200、400、600)分别与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)反应合成预聚体,再以此预聚体对纳米SiO2进行表面接枝改性,制备了聚氨酯改性纳米SiO2;将改性纳米SiO2分散到聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)中光固化制备了PUA/SiO2纳米杂化涂层。讨论了PEG相对分子质量对PUA/SiO2纳米杂化涂层的耐热性能和力学性能的影响,并以FT-IR、差示扫描量热法(DSC)等进行表征。结果表明,改性后的纳米SiO2粒子优化了PUA树脂的性能,且以PEG-400与HDI合成的预聚体来改性纳米SiO2用于制备的PUA/SiO2纳米杂化涂层具有较好的耐热性和抗冲击性。     

电池箱用聚乙烯粉末涂料的研究

采用不同性能聚乙烯共混改性的方式，设计了 6种电池箱用聚乙烯粉末涂料。通过对不同共混方案所得的聚乙烯粉末涂料进行熔体流动速率、机械性能、涂膜耐酸性检测，筛选出综合性能最优的聚乙烯粉末涂料配方。所制得的聚乙烯粉末涂料能够满足电池箱表面流平要求，同时力学性能、耐化学品性能优异，能有效提高电池箱使用寿命。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。