加快发展河北省太阳能光热发电的建议和对策

太阳能作为一种可再生的新能源,越来越引起人们的关注。我国每年太阳能资源理论储量折合标准煤达17000亿t,而包括风能、水能、生物质能、地热能在内的其它所有可再生能源折合标准煤不到60亿t,太阳能利用潜力巨大。太阳能发电主要有光伏发电和光热发电。太阳能光热发电比光伏发电具有更多的优势。阐述了太阳能光热发电的国内外发展现状,分析了河北省太阳能的资源潜力,并提出了河北省发展太阳能光热发电的建议和对策.     

2005～2012年中国可再生能源利用情况回顾

下列图表对2005～2012年间中国在可再生能源方面,其中包括太阳能、风能、水能、生物质能及地热海洋能的发展利用情况进行了详细的统计、对比。     

谈谈我国非水可再生能源

按照我国可再生能源法,可再生能源包括水能、风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热、海洋能等。由于水力发电已经规模化、商品化,其他五项,即非水可再生能源才是我们经常谈论的"可再生能源",其基本特征是规模小、价格高,需要政策推动。截止到2012年底,我国非水可再生能源(含可再生能源发电、供气、供热等)折合标准煤9475万吨,占全国能源消费总量(含可再生能源发电、供气、供热等)36.7亿吨标准煤的2.58%,见表1。非水可再生能源发电上网电量共计1383亿千瓦时,占全国发电总量4.977万亿千瓦时的2.78%,见表2。     

燃煤电厂可做到清洁燃烧

什么是清洁的能源,准确地说就是没有污染的能源.无污染的能源目前是指可再生能源,如风能、太阳能、水能和生物质能等.我国有十分丰富的可再生能源:有几十亿千瓦可以利用的太阳能;20多亿千瓦可以利用的风能;3.78亿千瓦的水能和相当可观的生物质能及地热、海浪、潮汐能.     

可再生能源发电

可再生能源是指不会随人类的开发利用而衰减的能源,如风能、太阳能、生物质能、小水电（指设计能力低于２５兆瓦的工程）、海洋能、垃圾再利用能源、垃圾掩埋沼气、污水处理沼气、地热能等。我国的自然资源总量排世界第７位,能源资源总量居世界第３位。其中可再生能源资源尤其丰富,可开发风能资源２．５亿千瓦,水能资源７５４０万千瓦,生物质能１．２５亿千瓦,地热能６７０万千瓦,另外还有数量巨大的太阳能及城市垃圾利用潜力。１我国太阳能资源我国地处北半球欧亚大陆的东部,幅员辽阔,有着十分丰富的太阳能资源。我国各地的太阳辐…     

可再生能源发展趋势

正可再生能源是指在自然界可循环再生的一次能源,包括水能、风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等取之不尽、用之不竭的能源。过去10年,可再生能源已成为许多国家推进能源转型的核心和应对气候变化的重要途径。可再生能源发电也成为全球范围内新增发电主要来源,超过了所有其他形式能源的新增发电量之和。国际可再生能源署(IRENA)数     

金砖五国可再生能源发展目标

正金砖五国各国的目标和框架政策重点领域有所不同。在可再生能源领域中,巴西最为关注生物质能、水能和电力生产;俄罗斯将能源效率的提高作为发展重点,未来可再生能源发展项目则关注水能技术;印度则将重点放在了风能、太阳能和生物质能研发上;中国更注重太阳能、风能和重点节能技术;南非则优先关注太阳能、生物质能以及能效问题等。预计未来数年内,金砖国家在全球可再生能源发展中的作用将迅速增强。巴西:巴西拥有南美洲最大的电力市场,该     

日本将巨资打造太空太阳能工程

可再生能源的发电量目前已占到德国总用电量的16％。德国2009年各种可再生能源发电总量近930亿kWh．其中居首位的是风力发电,其后依次为生物质能发电、水力发电、太阳能发电、垃圾发电。德国生物质能发电和太阳能发电增长最快。     

采取法律手段和优惠政策鼓励可再生能源发展

<正>可再生能源包括水能、风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等,资源潜力大、分布地域广,其开发利用对环境污染很小,是最有利于人与自然协调发展的能源。在世界化石能源资源快速消耗,环境污染日益严重和气候变暖威胁逐渐增大的形势下,可再生能源的开发利用受到全世界高度重视,很多国家将开发利用可再生能源作为能源战略的重要组成部分,采取法律手段和优惠政策等措施鼓励可再生能源的发展。近年来,风电、太阳能发电等可再生能源发展迅速,年增长率达到25%以上,成为世界能源中增长最快的新领域。     

风能与水能互补发电系统的研究

论述了水能与风能两种自然资源特性及互补的必要性和经济性,在此基础上提出风能与水能互补发电系统,构建了风能与水能互补发电系统的结构图、探讨了互补发电系统的运行策略及仿真运行与设计。风能与水能的互补开发、综合利用可提高发电系统的可靠性与稳定性,是一种行之有效可再生能源的利用方式。     

我国可再生能源发展对策

可再生能源的开发利用是应对气候变化和满足能源需求持续增长的最现实的举措。2009年我国风电和太阳能光伏发电保持了快速发展势头,其中风电装机容量估计达到约2200×104kW,但非化石能源消费量在能源消费总量中所占的比重仍然很低。2009年,我国能源消费总量约为31×108t标煤,其中水电、核电、风电等商品化非化石能源消费量约为2.3×108t标煤,约占能源消费总量的7.4%。要完成到2020年我国非化石能源在能源消费总量中所占比例达到15%的目标,任务非常艰巨。加快开发利用可再生能源是能源发展的重要任务之一,到2020年,可再生能源开发利用总量将在2008年的基础上增加2倍以上。我国目前和今后10多年时间内,可再生能源发展的重点是水电、风电、太阳能和生物质能。加快发展我国可再生能源的举措有:①继续做好水电建设工作,促进水电持续健康发展;②有序推进风电的规模化发展,显著提高风电在电力结构中的比重;③加快推广太阳能利用技术,扩大太阳能开发利用规模;④因地制宜开发利用生物质能,提高生物质能利用的现代技术水平。     

电力部门要承担起发展清洁能源的重任

我国"十二五"期间要实现能源结构调整和电力发展方式的转变,大力发展清洁能源。应当说,新能源、可再生能源、非化石能源和新兴能源都是清洁能源,它包括洁净煤、天然气(含煤层气、页岩气、致密砂岩气等)、核电、水电、风能、太阳能、生物质能等。由于清洁能源大部分需要通过电力来实现,所以在清洁能源发展中电力部门必然是主力军。电力部门一是要研究开发清洁能源新技术,把清洁能源转变成安全、稳定、经济的电力;二是要使清洁能源生产出来的电力能为广大用户所接受。只有达到这两个条件,由清洁能源转变而来的电力才能提高其在电力总供应量中的比重。在IEA和BP的世界一次能源统计中,中国"非化石能源+天然气"的比重都非常低,均不到20%。统计数据反映出的中国能源结构的突出问题是煤炭比例太高,石油、天然气、核电比例太低。因此,与发达国家不同,中国改善能源结构、发展清洁能源的重点应该是主攻洁净煤技术(包括CCS),同时加快发展天然气、核能和水电。     

Global Renewable Energy Resources

Renewable energy sources (RES) supply 14% of the total world energy demand. RES are biomass, hydropower, geothermal, solar, wind, and marine energies. The renewables are the primary, domestic and clean or inexhaustible energy resources. The percentage share of biomass was 62.1% of total renewable energy sources in 1995. Large-scale hydropower supplies 20 percent of global electricity. Wind power in coastal and other windy regions is promising as well.     

Turkey's Renewable Energy Facilities in the Near Future

In this work, renewable energy facilities of Turkey were investigated. Electricity is mainly produced by thermal power plants, consuming coal, lignite, natural gas, fuel oil and geothermal energy, and hydro power plants in Turkey. Turkey has no large oil and gas reserves. The main indigenous energy resources are lignite, hydro and biomass. Turkey has to adopt new, long-term energy strategies to reduce the share of fossil fuels in primary energy consumption. For these reasons, the development and use of renewable energy sources and technologies are increasingly becoming vital for sustainable economic development of Turkey. The most significant developments in renewable production are observed hydropower and geothermal energy production. Renewable electricity facilities mainly include electricity from biomass, hydropower, geothermal, and wind and solar energy sources. Biomass cogeneration is a promising method for production bioelectricity.     

The role of renewable and sustainable energy in the energy mix of Malaysia: a review

Energy consumption has risen in Malaysia because of developing strategies and increasing rate of population. Depletion of fossil fuel resources, fluctuation in the crude oil prices, and emersion of new environmental problems due to greenhouse gasses effects of fossil fuel combustion have convinced governments to invest in development of power generation based on renewable and sustainable energy (RSE) resources. Recently, power generation from RSE resources has been taken into account in the energy mix of every country to supply the annual electricity demand. In this paper, the scenario of the energy mix of Malaysia and the role of RSE resources in power generation are studied. Major RSE sources, namely biomass and biogas, hydro‐electricity, solar energy, and wind energy, are discussed, focusing more toward the electrical energy demand for electrification. It is found that power generation based on biomass and biogas utilization, solar power generation, and hydropower has enough spaces for more development in Malaysia. Moreover, minihydropower and wind power generation could be effective for rural regions of Malaysia. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Energy diversification in Finland: achievements and potential of renewable energy development

Finland was an early adopter of several alternative energy technologies, particularly in biomass and hydropower energy for many years. The main policy in the Finnish energy and climate sectors is to increase the exploitation of renewable energy sources while reducing CO₂ emissions. Meanwhile, a successful energy policy should achieve three conflicting objectives: clean, cheap, and secure energy. The development of renewables in Finland has lagged that of other EU countries, particularly in fields such as wind power in recent years. This article discusses about the history, current status, and potentials of the major renewable and local energy in order of utilisation in Finland. It is seen that the major contributors to replacing carbon-based fuels are likely to be biomass and wind power, with geothermal and solar energy sources to play a lesser role.     

Hydropower for sustainable water and energy development

Turkey has a total gross hydropower potential of 433 GWh/year, but only 125 GWh/year of the total hydroelectric potential of Turkey can be economically used. By the commissioning of new hydropower plants, which are under construction, 36% of the economically usable potential of the country would be tapped. Turkey presently has considerable renewable energy sources. The most important renewable sources are hydropower, biomass, geothermal, solar and wind. Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of these renewable energy sources. Over the last two decades, global electricity production has more than doubled and electricity demand is rising rapidly around the world as economic development spreads to emerging economies. Not only has electricity demand increased significantly, it is the fastest growing end-use of energy. Therefore, technical, economic and environmental benefits of hydroelectric power make it an important contributor to the future world energy mix, particularly in the developing countries.     

Governmental policy and prospect in electricity production from renewables in Lithuania

In Lithuania, the generation of electricity is based on the nuclear energy and on the fossil fuels. After the decommissioning of Ignalina nuclear power plant in 2009, the Lithuanian Power Plant and other thermal plants will become the major sources of electricity. Consequently, the Lithuanian power sector must focus on the implementation of renewable energy projects, penetration of new technologies and on consideration of the future opportunities for renewables, and Government policy for promoting this kind of energy. Production of electricity from renewable energy is based on hydro, biomass and wind energy resources in Lithuania. Due to the typical climatic condition in Lithuania the solar photovoltaics and geothermal energy are not used for power sector. Moreover, the further development of hydropower plants is limited by environmental restrictions, therefore priority is given to wind energy development and installation of new biomass power plants. According to the requirements set out in the Directive 2001/77/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market [Official Journal L283, 33–40, 27 October 2001], 7% of gross consumption of electricity will be generated from renewable energy by 2010 in Lithuania. The aim of this paper is to show the estimation of the maximum renewable power penetration in the Lithuanian electricity sector and possible environmental impact.     

As a renewable energy hydropower for sustainable development in Turkey

The most important renewable sources are hydropower, biomass, geothermal, solar and wind. Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of these renewable energy sources. In recently, electricity has demand increased significantly; it is the fastest growing end-use of energy. Therefore, technical, economic and environmental benefits of hydroelectric power make it an important contributor to the future world energy mix. In the world, particularly in the developing countries renewable energy resources appear to be one of the most efficient and effective solutions for sustainable energy development in Turkey. Turkey's geographical location has several advantages for extensive use of most of the renewable energy sources. This paper deals with policies to meet increasing energy and electricity demand for sustainable energy development in Turkey. Turkey has a total gross hydropower potential of 433 GWh/year, but only 125 GWh/year of the total hydroelectric potential of Turkey can be economically used.     

The achievement,significance and future prospect of China's renewable energy initiative

China's high-speed economic growth and ambitious urbanization depend heavily on the massive consumption of fossil fuel. However, the over-dependence on the depleting fossil fuels causes severe environmental problems, making China the largest energy consumer and the biggest CO₂ emitter in the world. Faced with significant challenges in terms of managing its environment and moving forward with the concept of sustainable economic development, the Chinese government plans to move away from fossil fuels and rely on renewables such as hydropower, wind power, solar power, biomass power and nuclear power. In this paper, the current status of China's renewable energy deployment and the ongoing development projects are summarized and discussed. Most recent developments of major renewable energy sources are clearly reviewed. Additionally, the renewable energy development policies including laws and regulations, economic encouragement, technical research and development are also summarized. This study showcases China's achievements in exploiting its abundant domestic renewable energy sources to meet the future energy demand and reducing carbon emissions. To move toward a low carbon society, technological progress and policy improvements are needed for improving grid access (wind), securing nuclear fuel supplies and managing safety protocols (nuclear), integrating supply chains to achieve indigenous manufacture of technologies across supply chains (solar). Beyond that, a preliminary prediction of the development of China's future renewable energy developments, and proposes targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed. The proposal involves developing smart-grid system, investing on renewable energy research, improving the feed-in tariff system and clarifying the subsidy system.