纳米碳纤维的批量制备和应用

纳米碳纤维具有优异的物理和化学特性,在复合材料、电子器件、储氢等领域极具应用价值,批量制备低成本的纳米碳纤维是应用的关键,介绍了纳米碳纤维批量制备的方法,并对纳米碳纤维的应用和市场前景进行了评述。     

纳米活性碳纤维的开发与应用进展

全文介绍了纳米活性碳纤维的性能，生产的主要技术路线与最佳的操作条件及有关进展情况，阐述了国内外研究开发的现状与发展趋势，并探讨了扩大应用范围等的前景与市场需求。     

纳米碳纤维及其在聚合物中的应用

纳米碳纤维/聚合物复合材料是近年来的热点研究领域.本文简要介绍了纳米碳纤维的几种制备方法及纳米碳纤维/聚合物复合材料的应用前景,讨论了纳米碳纤维在聚合物中的分散、取向和界面相互作用对复合材料性能的影响,介绍了加入纳米碳纤维赋予聚合物光电性能和目前尚待研究的一些问题.     

高性能碳纤维纸及其应用

本文简要介绍碳纤维纸及其原材料，制造方法，以及它作为功能材料的若干应用领域。     

碳纤维的发展及其应用现状

碳纤维以其优异的综合性能成为当今世界材料学科研究的重点。研究表明：碳纤维的抗拉强度＞3500MPa,抗拉模量＞230GPa,密度仅1.76～1.94g/cm^3,具有优异的力学性能和综合特性;日本东丽公司代表当今世界碳纤维生产的先进水平,并与其他2家日本公司对碳纤维形成了垄断,我国的碳纤维尚处于较低研发水平;碳纤维已在航空、航天、军事、体育、土建、工业、交通、能源、电子等领域和行业得到广泛应用;碳纤维是一种可以形成庞大产业带的基础产品。     

纳米碳纤维及其应用

介绍世界纳米碳纤维的现状与发展，包括纳米碳纤维的制备、性能、与应用。讨论纳米碳纤维的市场和发展前景。     

纳米超高分子聚乙烯的开发与应用进展

摘要本文介绍了纳米超高分子聚乙烯的性能，制备，应用，现状与发展趋势。     

纳米结构镀层的制备及其应用

本文对近年来国外纳米结构镀层研究的文献进行了综述，介绍了纳米晶镀层、纳米颗粒增强镀层、纳米多层镀层的制备方法、性能特点及应用的最新进展。     

一种基于纳米碳纤维的贵金属电催化剂及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种基于纳米碳纤维的贵金属电催化剂及其制备方法。本发明基于纳米碳纤维的独特物理化学性能,利用电化学沉积和化学沉积方法的优点,摒弃电化学沉积和化学沉积方法     

静电纺丝法制备碳纳米纤维及其应用

碳纳米纤维由于因其比表面积大、导电和导热性好,被广泛用于催化剂载体、吸附和储能材料。静电纺丝是制备一维纳米纤维直接、有效的方法,在介绍静电纺丝的基本原理和工艺影响因素的基础上,综述了电纺碳纳米纤维的特性及其应用。     

Flammability of thermoplastic carbon nanofiber nanocomposites

Five commodity thermoplastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, thermoplastic polyurethane, poly(butylene terephthalate), and poly(amide 6)) were melt compounded with vapor grown carbon nanofibers via twin screw extrusion. These materials were then analyzed for flammability behavior by cone calorimeter to determine how the nanofibers would reduce flammability of the polymers. It was found by cone calorimeter that the nanofibers greatly reduced peak heat release rate and improved many other flammability parameters of the samples. However, smoke release was increased in all samples, which may be one drawback of using these materials. Interestingly, the amount of flammability reduction was not uniform across all samples, with nanofiber reducing flammability the most in the thermoplastic polyurethane sample. The mechanism of flammability reduction in the polymers tested in this paper is shown again to be a mass loss rate reduction induced by the formation of thick tangled networks of carbon nanofibers during polymer decomposition. This mechanism was confirmed by studying the mass loss rate curves and electron microscopy analysis of the final chars collected from the cone calorimeter experiments. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

碳纳米纤维修饰碳纤维的研究及其进展

综述了各种碳纤维的制备方法及其研究进展,特别对碳纳米管修饰碳纤维的研究进展进行了重点介绍,论述了化学气相沉淀法和接枝法制备碳纳米纤维/碳纤维复合材料增强体,对两种制备工艺的优缺点进行了阐述,以及对碳纳米纤维/碳纤维复合材料的研究前景作了简要展望。     

金属催化剂对碳纳米纤维结构影响的研究进展

综述了不同种类的金属催化剂及同种催化剂不同状态对碳纳米纤维的结构和形貌的影响,并对今后自组装生产各种结构形态的碳纳米纤维进行了展望。     

Some fascinating phenomena in electrospinning processes and applications of electrospun nanofibers

Electrospinning has the unique ability to produce ultrathin fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, inorganic or organic compounds and blends. With the enormous increase of research interest in electrospun nanofibers, there is a strong need for a comprehensive review of electrospinning in a systematic fashion. This article presents some fascinating phenomena associated with the remarkable features of nanofibers in electrospinning processes and new progress in applications of electrospun nanofibers. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Role of surface oxygen in the preparation and deactivation of carbon nanofiber supported cobalt Fischer–Tropsch catalysts

Surface oxygen groups on the carbon nanofiber surfaces are important for the preparation of highly dispersed cobalt catalysts and for the stabilization of the particles against sintering. However, the surface oxygen makes the catalysts easily deactivate during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis by oxidation of metallic cobalt. The activity could be recovered by re-reduction.     

Catalytic growth of macroscopic carbon nanofiber bodies with high bulk density and high mechanical strength

Carbon nanofibers (CNF) are non-microporous graphitic materials with a high surface area (100-200 m²/g), high purity and tunable surface chemistry. Therefore the material has a high potential for use as catalyst support. However, in some instances it is claimed that the low density and low mechanical strength of the macroscopic particles hamper their application. In this study we show that the bulk density and mechanical strength of CNF bodies can be tuned to values comparable to that of commercial fluid-bed and fixed-bed catalysts. The fibers were prepared by the chemical decomposition of CO/H₂ over Ni/SiO₂ catalysts. The resulting fibers bodies (1.2 μm) were replicates of the Ni/SiO₂ bodies (0.5 μm) from which they were grown. The bulk density of CNF bodies crucially depended on the metal loading in the growth catalyst. Over 5 wt% Ni/SiO₂ low density bodies (0.4 g/ml) are obtained while 20 wt% Ni/SiO₂ leads to bulk densities up to 0.9 g/ml with a bulk crushing strength of 1.2 MPa. The 20 wt% catalysts grow fibers with diameters of ∼22 nm, which grow irregularly in space, resulting in a higher entanglement and a concomitant higher density and strength as compared to the thinner fibers (∼12 nm) grown from 5 wt% Ni/SiO₂.     

Preparation of Iron Oxide Particle-Decorated Lignin-Based Carbon Nanofibers as Electrode Material for Pseudocapacitor

Iron oxide particle-decorated lignin-based carbon nanofibers (IO-LCNFs) were fabricated from organic mixtures containing acetic acid lignin (AAL) together with ferric acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)₃) via electrospinning followed by stabilization in air and carbonization in nitrogen. After the addition of Fe(acac)₃, IO-LCNFs showed different morphologies: Non-fused IO-LCNFs were obtained with diameters of 400–500 nm; iron oxide nanoparticles with diameters of 30–60 nm were exposed outside and well-distributed when sufficient amounts of Fe(acac)₃ were added. These carbon nanofibers were then used as electrode material for pseudocapacitor. It was found that the iron oxide particles enhanced the resulting electrochemical properties via reversible redox reactions. IO-LCNFs made from the composite nanofibers with mass ratio of AAL/Fe(acac)₃ of 80/20 [i.e., IO-LCNFs (80/20)] exhibited the highest specific capacitance, 72.1 F g^?1, at current density of 500 mA g^?1.     

Hyperbranched polyol/carbon nanofiber composites

Carbon nanofiber (CNF) and carbon nanotube (CNT) composites have enhanced mechanical and electrical properties that make these composites desirable for antistatic and electronic dissipation technology. These applications require a homogenous dispersion of CNFs within a polymer matrix. To improve the compatibility/dispersability of CNFs within a polymer matrix, a hyperbranched polyol CNF composite was synthesized by the chemical modification of oxidized CNFs with glycidol and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate. The resulting polyol CNFs were characterized by TGA, FTIR, TEM/SEM and XPS. The hydroxyl groups were reacted with heptafluorobutyryl chloride to determine the amount of oxidized groups in the sample. The resulting composite was characterized by FTIR and elemental analysis. The amount of hydroxyl groups increased by 550% for the polyol CNFs as compared to the oxidized CNFs and an improvement in dispersion ability was observed.