单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素测年研究综述

锆石U-Pb同位素测年是目前地质学者探讨岩浆结晶年龄及各期次变质时代的重要方法之一。论述了热电离质谱法(TIMS)、单颗粒锆石蒸发法、离子探针质谱法(SHRIMP)、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱法(LA-ICP-MS)和电子探针化学法在单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素体系定年研究中的进展,并对各方法的局限性和应用前景进行了探讨。     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区下古生界马家沟组碳酸盐岩地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄

延长探区位于鄂尔多斯盆地的中东部,碳酸盐岩沉积厚度变化较大,从上到下分为六段主要岩石类型有泥晶灰岩、中晶灰岩、粗晶灰岩、粉晶白云岩、泥晶化结构白云岩和泥晶白云岩。通过主量元素分析发现本区的碳酸盐岩有既有岩浆碳酸岩盐又有沉积碳酸盐岩;轻重稀土分馏程度较高,稀土配分图呈右倾型,轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损,且具有弱的Eu异常;锆石U-Pb定年结果为419±23Ma(2σ)(MSWD=2.6)属于奥陶系。     

Hedgehog Signaling in Prostate Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implication

Activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is implicated in the development and progression of several tumor types, including prostate cancer, which is still the most common non-skin malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in industrialized countries worldwide. Several studies have indicated that the Hh pathway plays a crucial role in the development as well as in the progression of this disease to more aggressive and even therapy-resistant disease states. Moreover, preclinical data have shown that inhibition of Hh signaling has the potential to reduce prostate cancer invasiveness and metastatic potential. Clinical trials investigating the benefit of Hh inhibitors in patients with prostate cancer have recently been initiated. However, acquired drug resistance has already been observed in other tumor types after long-term Hh inhibition. Therefore, combining Hh inhibitors with ionizing radiation, chemotherapy or other molecular targeted agents could represent an alternative therapeutic strategy. In this review, we will highlight the role of Hh signaling in the development and progression of prostate cancer and summarize the different therapeutic applications of Hedgehog inhibition.     

准噶尔盆地储量构成变化特征与启示

自1955年克拉玛依油田发现工业油气流以来,准噶尔盆地经历了60多年的勘探开发,相继发现了独山子、克拉玛依、石南等30多个油气田,累计探明石油储量24.63亿吨,天然气储量1 972.71亿立方米。本文通过回顾准噶尔盆地油气储量的发现历程,分析了油气储量在不同构造单元、不同层位的分布以及储量规模、储量丰度、储采平衡特征,剖析了资源探明程度与产量增长关系,展示了盆地储量、产量的增长潜力,为今后勘探开发规划提供参考。     

Mutational Spectrum Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Its Pathogenic Implication

One of the most conspicuous features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is the occurrence of dramatic conformation change of individual proteins. We performed a mutational spectrum analysis of disease-causing missense mutations in seven types of NDs at nucleotide and amino acid levels, and compared the results with those of non-NDs. The main findings included: (i) The higher mutation ratio of G:C→T:A transversion to G:C→A:T transition was observed in NDs than in non-NDs, interpreting the excessive guanine-specific oxidative DNA damage in NDs; (ii) glycine and proline had highest mutability in NDs than in non-NDs, which favor the protein conformation change in NDs; (iii) surprisingly low mutation frequency of arginine was observed in NDs. These findings help to understand how mutations may cause NDs.     

储层成岩作用类型及其石油地质意义

成岩作用研究是深化碎屑岩储层地质理论、合理解释油气储集空间形成机理和有利孔隙发育带的重要基础,是储层定性和定量评价的依据。通过对国内外文献的调研,总结了成岩作用的类型分为:机械压实作用、胶结作用、交代作用、黏土矿物转化作用、溶解作用五大类,论述不同成岩作用对储层质量产生的建设性影响和破坏性影响,以期能带动成岩作用理论的发展,从而更好地为油气勘探和储层预测服务。     

Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease: Implication of MicroRNAs in Its Molecular Background

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy arising from terminally differentiated plasma cells. In the majority of cases, symptomatic disease is characterized by the presence of bone disease. Multiple myeloma bone disease (MMBD) is a result of an imbalance in the bone-remodeling process that leads to increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast activity. The molecular background of MMBD appears intriguingly complex, as several signaling pathways and cell-to-cell interactions are implicated in the pathophysiology of MMBD. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of their target mRNAs. Numerous miRNAs have been witnessed to be involved in cancer and hematological malignancies and their role has been characterized either as oncogenic or oncosuppressive. Recently, scientific research turned towards miRNAs as regulators of MMBD. Scientific data support that miRNAs finely regulate the majority of the signaling pathways implicated in MMBD. In this review, we provide concise information regarding the molecular pathways with a significant role in MMBD and the miRNAs implicated in their regulation. Moreover, we discuss their utility as molecular biomarkers and highlight the putative usage of miRNAs as novel molecular targets for targeted therapy in MMBD.     

The Crosstalk between FAK and Wnt Signaling Pathways in Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implication

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Wnt signaling pathways are important contributors to tumorigenesis in several cancers. While most results come from studies investigating these pathways individually, there is increasing evidence of a functional crosstalk between both signaling pathways during development and tumor progression. A number of FAK–Wnt interactions are described, suggesting an intricate, context-specific, and cell type-dependent relationship. During development for instance, FAK acts mainly upstream of Wnt signaling; and although in intestinal homeostasis and mucosal regeneration Wnt seems to function upstream of FAK signaling, FAK activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway during APC-driven intestinal tumorigenesis. In breast, lung, and pancreatic cancers, FAK is reported to modulate the Wnt signaling pathway, while in prostate cancer, FAK is downstream of Wnt. In malignant mesothelioma, FAK and Wnt show an antagonistic relationship: Inhibiting FAK signaling activates the Wnt pathway and vice versa. As the identification of effective Wnt inhibitors to translate in the clinical setting remains an outstanding challenge, further understanding of the functional interaction between Wnt and FAK could reveal new therapeutic opportunities and approaches greatly needed in clinical oncology. In this review, we summarize some of the most relevant interactions between FAK and Wnt in different cancers, address the current landscape of Wnt- and FAK-targeted therapies in different clinical trials, and discuss the rationale for targeting the FAK–Wnt crosstalk, along with the possible translational implications.     

红山新型干法生产线的设计、调试与建设效果

大理红山水泥有限公司采用成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司成熟可靠的新型干法水泥生产技术建设的1000t/d生产线,坚持正确的设计原则,重视优化设计和环境保护,获得了投资省、见效快的建设效果,成为立窑企业改造发展的示范工程。     

昆阳群富钾岩石地质特征及开发探讨

滇中禄丰县鹅头厂（铜）矿与东川蓑衣坡硅质岩铜矿,是省内中元古界昆阳群因尼组上非正常紫色层段富钾岩石产出的代表性矿区,阐述了富钾岩石产出的地质特征并附有代表性岩石分析数据,按照北京,河南,宁芜及山西对研究,开发富钾岩石的已有理论与试生产经验,说明云南因尼组富钾岩石具备开发条件,且有利用前景。     

Ozonation Dynamics and Its Implication for Off-Gas Ozone Control in Treating Pulp Mill Wastewaters

Ozonation of biologically pretreated pulp mill wastewaters was studied using both bench and pilot scale fine bubble contactors to determine the oxidation efficiencies, mass transfer coefficients (k_La) and enhancement factors (E) due to the occurrence of chemical reactions. A sensitivity analysis based on the measured process parameters was then used to reveal the interrelated effects of key factors on off-gas ozone concentrations. It was shown that the removal efficiencies of color and AOX were simply related to the amount of utilized ozone, regardless of variation of other operating conditions. Furthermore, the rate of absorption fell within the fast or instantaneous kinetics regimes due to the occurrence of rapid chemical reactions. The Ek_La values were found to vary substantially during the course of ozonation, indicating that the enhancement factors were not only affected not only by operating conditions but also by wastewater characteristics. To effectively control the off-gas ozone emission, measures should be taken to minimize the backmixing, use a counter-current flow arrangement and provide adequate contact time.