大规模非并网风电系统理论与实践

本文针对我国风能等可再生能源,由于其波动性而不能大规模并入电网的难题,提出了非并网风电理论。将高耗能负载改造成为能够适应电能波动的智能负载,极大地提高了可再生能源的利用率。研究了非并网风电理论的本质和内涵,并讨论了非并网风电理论的应用情况,为我国节能减排,提高电网效率和可再生能源利用率提出了一条新路径。     

智能电网配用电负载调度研究

随着我国经济和社会的突飞猛进,科学技术水平日新月异,智能电网备受国家电网的青睐,不仅因为它能吸纳庞大的可再生能源,还因为其供电系统在与用户之间的互动和配用电负荷方面都有较大的优势。智能电网中如制冷、加热、电动汽车等负荷用电时间是动灵活的,电动汽车的充电设备等储能设备,把这些可控负荷利用起来对光伏、风电等可再生能源发电的出力变化进行跟踪,通过对负荷的调动来平和预测的光伏、风电等的出力曲线,达到功率平衡。作为电力平衡的基本思路和重要手段,负荷调度让电力系统运行核心问题的解决成为可能。     

智能电网通讯系统探讨

电网智能化是促进可再生能源发展、实现节能减排的重要手段。智能电网通讯是整个智能电网的神经中枢,文章从通讯人手,首先论证智能电网量测和通信设备的重要性,然后对信息管理系统构成进行分析,最后对决策与控制理论进行讨论,阐述信息通讯在智能电网存在的重要性。通过对智能通讯技术的分析,有助于理顺智能电网发展方向,并且为智能电网的深入研究和应用提供了保证。     

欧盟智能电网技术近期研发动向

迄今为止,欧盟输电网的建设理念仍然停留在传统的大型发电厂生产电力通过输电网向被动用户供电,但可再生能源的持续快速发展,要求欧盟输电网变得更"智能化",从而避免输电网的不稳定甚至崩溃。智能电网通过采取便利可再生能源(如风能、光伏能发电等)接入输电网的措施,最大化利用可再生能源资源,同时对输电网进行互联改造,可以更好地优化资源配置、节约能源和方便电力消费用户的双向联     

刍议智能电网调度自动化技术

随着市场化改革的推进数字经济的发展、气候变化的加剧、环境监管要求日趋严格与国家能源政策的最新调整,电力网络与电力市场、用户之间的协调和交换越来越紧密．电能质量水平要求逐步提高,可再生能源等分布式发电资源数量不断增加,传统网络已经难以支撑如此多的发展要求,为此人们提出了发展智能电网的设想。实现在传统电网基础上的升级换代。本文介绍了智能电网的发展背景、定义和特征,详细讨论了智能电网的关键技术,并指出智能电网在调度自动化方面的研究发展前景,希望可以对智能电网的了解、研究与应用发展有所帮助。     

智能电网及其关键技术探讨

分析了智能电网的一些重要特征,指出智能电网的安全性方面具有自愈功能,容许电力用户的参与和分布式能源的接人并建立各种双向联系,保证电能的合理和高效利用。比较了国内外发展智能电网的策略,指出发达国家的基础电网比较完整,智能电网发展的侧重点是配电和用户侧的改造,重点研发可再生能源和分布式电源并网技术。我国目前正处在工业化和城市化过程,现有的电网设施还跟不上用电需求增加的要求,因此智能电网的建设的重点还包括远距离电力输送在内的基础电网建设。介绍了智能电网的一些关键技术和智能电网的产业链情况,并对发展我国智能电网提出了一些建议。     

关于智能电网的智能调度研究

智能电网就是以特高压电网为骨干网架、各级电网协调发展的坚强电网为基础，利用先进的通信、信息和控制技术，构建以信息化、自动化、巨动化为特征的统一坚强智能化电删。而中闰式的智能电网，首先要满足电力负荷需求，在前期保证输电、变电的智能化建设，要保证供电安全町靠性，要满足经济意义和节能，最后保证电能质最和可再生能源接人。     

各国鼓励分布式发电推动智能电网建设

美国、欧洲和日本在先进的分布式发电基础上推动智能电网建设,为各种分布式能源提供自由接入的动态平台。美国和西欧目前基本不再建设大型电源及大型能源设施,而附于用户终端市场的能源梯级利用系统、可再生能源系统和资源综合利用系统,却使能源利用效率不断提高、排放不断减少、能源结构不断优化。     

智能电网以及电能表的智能化体系的剖析

未来智能电网的建设和普及要依赖于智能电网关键技术的发展,文章将智能电网的基础定义和主要特征作了较为详细的说明,并且与传统电网进行了比较,对智能电网建设需要的关键技术（如：通用信息平台、通讯技术、自动化技术,智能调度和分布式能源等）作了讨论,将我国建设和发展坚强智能电网的研究方向确定为互动供电技术、智能电网装备和分布式能源的接入。     

风电友好型智能电网的关键技术

风电场装机容量的增加,在电源中所占比例的增大,对电力系统的规划、运行等带来了影响,对建立风电友好型智能电网提出了迫切需求。文章讨论了风电友好型智能电网的关键技术。     

Composites get smart

Intrinsically smart structural composites are multifunctional structural materials which can perform functions such as sensing strain, stress, damage or temperature; thermoelectric energy generation; EMI shielding; electric current rectification; and vibration reduction. These capabilities are rendered by the use of materials science concepts to enhance functionality without compromising structural properties. They are not achieved by the embedding of devices in the structure. Intrinsically smart structural composites have been attained in cement-matrix composites containing short electrically conducting fibers and in polymer-matrix composites with continuous carbon fibers. Cement-matrix composites are important for infrastructure, while polymer-matrix composites are useful for lightweight structures.Smart structures are important because of their relevance to hazard mitigation, structural vibration control, structural health monitoring, transportation engineering, thermal control, and energy saving. Research on smart structures has emphasized the incorporation of various devices in a structure for providing sensing, energy dissipation, actuation, control or other functions. Work on smart composites has focused on the incorporation of a functional material or device in a matrix material for enhancing the smartness or durability, while that on smart materials has studied materials (e.g. piezoelectric) used for making relevant devices. However, relatively little attention has been given to the development of structural materials (e.g. concrete and composites) that are inherently able to provide some of the smart functions, so that the need for embedded or attached devices is reduced or eliminated, thereby lowering cost, enhancing durability, increasing the smart volume, and minimizing mechanical property degradation (which usually occurs in the case of embedded devices).     

Chromogenic smart materials

Smart materials cover a wide and developing range of technologies. A particular type of smart material, known as chromogenics, can be used for large area glazing in buildings, automobiles, planes, and for certain types of electronic display. These technologies consist of electrically-driven media including electrochromism, suspended particle electrophoresis, polymer dispersed liquid crystals, electrically heated thermotropics, and gaschromics.     

A novel smart hybrid-Trefftz finite element for smart laminated composite plates

A novel smart hybrid-Trefftz finite element ( HTFE ) has been developed for the analysis of smart laminated composite plates. The substrates of the smart plates are symmetric and antisymmetric cross-ply plates. The derivation of this HTFE is devoid of the complicated task of finding the particular solutions of simultaneous governing partial differential equations. The Trefftz functions are constructed from the finite number of free-field exact solutions of the homogeneous simultaneous governing partial differential equations of the element domain in a straightforward manner without transforming them into a single governing equation. The HTFE is validated with the exact solutions of the smart composite plates. It is observed that this HTFE is an efficient finite element and can be utilized for the analysis of active control of smart composite structures.     

Normalized differential detection by use of smart pixels with smart illumination

Smart pixels permit rapid signal processing through the use of integrated photodetectors and processing electronics on a single semiconductor chip. Smart pixels with smart illumination can increase the dynamic range and functionality of smart pixels by employing optoelectronic feedback to control the illumination of a scene. This combination of smart pixels and optoelectronic feedback leads to many potential sensor applications, including normalized differential detection, which is modeled and demonstrated here.     

Event preview: 1st Canada-US workshop on smart materials and smart structures

The USA often dominates the headlines in the world of smart materials, both in industry and academia, but Canada here joins forces with its neighbour to host the 1st Canada-US Workshop on Smart Materials and Smart Structures. To be held in Montreal, Quebec on 17–18 September 2001, the event will represent activities and progress in Canada as well as the USA. The event is hosted by CanSmart, the Canadian Smart Materials and Structures Group.     

Colorimetric biosensing using smart materials

In recent years, colorimetric biosensing has attracted much attention because of its low cost, simplicity, and practicality. Since color changes can be read out by the naked eye, colorimetric biosensing does not require expensive or sophisticated instrumentation and may be applied to field analysis and point-of-care diagnosis. For transformation of the detection events into color changes, a number of smart materials have been developed, including gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, cerium oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and conjugated polymers. Here, we focus on recent developments in colorimetric biosensing using these smart materials. Along with introducing the mechanisms of color changes based on different smart materials, we concentrate on the design of biosensing assays and their potential applications in biomedical diagnosis and environmental monitoring.     

关于智慧家居技术的研究

针对目前国内大部分智能家居功能的局限以及实用性上的不足;如视频的远程传输,系统的远程实时控制等问题;基于人们对智慧家居系统的实际的需求,设计了一种智慧家居系统,该系统结合了以太网通信技术、WIFI网络技术、ZIGBEE通信技术等先进的技术手段,实现了数据的远程传输与控制,同时具有较大的灵活性;可以根据实际情况进行相应的裁剪和扩充。