溶胶-凝胶法在钛表面制备钛/羟基磷灰石生物涂层

以硝酸钙和五氧化二磷为前躯体,使用溶胶-凝胶法制备出羟基磷灰石,并使用浸渍提拉法在纯钛表面合成羟基磷灰石涂层.使用XRD对涂层中的相结构进行分析,以确定不同加热温度以及不同涂层层数对羟基磷灰石涂层性能的影响.结果表明:随加热温度升高,羟基磷灰石的结晶度和体积分数先升后降.在800℃下,羟基磷灰石的结晶度最高,体积分数也...     

不锈钢表面羟基磷灰石涂层的溶胶凝胶法制备

在316L不锈钢基体表面采用溶胶-凝胶法和多次提拉法涂覆羟基磷灰石(HA)涂层并对涂层进行了物相、形貌、结合力和耐腐蚀性能的表征,研究了退火温度对涂层性能的影响.结果表明,经400～500℃退火处理,能形成晶化程度不高、晶粒细小的多孔结构羟基磷灰石涂层;升高退火温度可提高HA晶化程度和界面结合力;HA涂层提高了不锈钢的抗侵蚀能力.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备超疏水性纳米复合防腐涂层

通过溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在不锈钢基底上制备了具有超疏水性能的介孔碳复合SiO2涂层。通过TEM,SEM及静态接触角、电化学测试技术(Tafel和EIS)等对其结构、疏水性能和耐蚀性等进行表征。结果表明:在不锈钢基底上形成了乳突状形貌,水在涂层表面静态接触角达到163°。该超疏水性SiO2/介孔碳复合涂层具有优良的防腐性能。     

钛表面预处理对溶胶-凝胶法制备羟基磷灰石涂层的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法在工业纯钛表面制备羟基磷灰石（HA）涂层，探讨了酸洗和浓碱热处理两种基体预处理工艺对涂层的影响；用接触角仪测量了涂覆前两种预处理后基体的接触角并计算其表面能；用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了基体和涂层的表面、截面形貌及成分。结果表明：通过溶胶-凝胶法，在基体表面涂覆了HA涂层；与酸洗基体相比，浓碱热处理后在钛表面生成了网状多孔的钛酸钠水凝胶层，提高了基体的表面活性及表面能，由酸洗后的57．68mJ·m^-2增加到浓碱热处理后的77．34mJ·m^-2，尤其是极性色散比由0．235增至0．727，有利于HA在其表面涂覆，减少了提拉次数且HA涂层致密、厚度均匀约为3μm；提高了涂层与基体的结合力。     

低温燃烧法制备多孔钛基羟基磷灰石涂层

以Ca(NO3)2·4H2O和(NH4)2HPO4为主要原料,采用低温燃烧法在多孔钛表面及孔壁制备羟基磷灰石涂层,利用XRD、SEM等对涂层的形成机理、相组成和显微结构进行分析和表征.结果表明采用合理的工艺制度,能够在基体表面制备厚度50μm～70μm,最大孔径150μm左右的涂层,以提高种植体的生物活性和骨结合强度.     

复合溶胶-凝胶法制备TiAl合金表面防护涂层

采用复合溶胶-凝胶法在γ-TiAl合金表面制备一种致密均匀的新型复合陶瓷涂层.通过1 000 ℃等温氧化和循环氧化实验研究涂层对γ-TiAl基体高温氧化行为的影响,并初步探讨涂层的抗氧化机制,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析涂层氧化产物的表面形貌、组织结构及相组成.结果表明:涂层对TiAl基体具有良好的高温防护作用,能显著降低TiAl合金的高温氧化速率;涂层氧化产物Y3Al5O12和Y2(Ti2O7)的热膨胀系数与TiAl基体的非常接近,提高涂层和基体之间的相容性,从而避免涂层在氧化过程中的剥落.BSE和EDS分析表明,在涂层与基体界面处形成一层致密的Al2O3保护膜,有效地防止合金基体的高温氧化.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米MoCu复合粉体

以硝酸铜和二钼酸铵为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米MoCu复合粉体，研究了热处理工艺，溶液pH值，添加剂等对纳米粒子形貌及粒径的影响。结果表明，在600℃热处理的钼铜氧化物通过氢气还原之后可以得到粒径小于60nm的纳米MoCu复合粉体；溶液中添加剂的用量影响微粒的粒径，当添加剂用量K为0．5时，能得到尺寸较小，粒度均匀的纳米粉体；不同酸度条件下所得粉体的粒径各不相同，当pH值在1～4之间变化时粒径随pH值的增大而增大，pH值取1较合适。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米ZnO多孔薄膜

以聚乙二醇(polyethylene glycol,PEG)为模板剂,醋酸锌(Zn(Ac)2·2H2O)为原料,二乙醇胺为络合剂,通过溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃基片上制备了纳米ZnO多孔薄膜.利用SEM,IR,TG-DTA等对薄膜的特性进行了表征;探讨了样品在溶胶-凝胶及煅烧过程中的物理化学变化;讨论了Zn的浓度、PEG加入量、热处理等对薄膜性能的影响.结果表明,当Zn的浓度为0.6 mol/L,加入0.5 g PEG2000,将溶胶50℃水浴以及在合适的热处理条件下,最终可制得具有一定多孔结构的ZnO薄膜.     

溶胶凝胶法制备TiO_2/HA复合生物活性涂层及其体外活性

通过溶胶凝胶法在纯钛基体上制备了羟基磷灰石(HA)/TiO2复合生物活性涂层。HA和TiO2溶胶由前驱体制得,按不同摩尔比直接混合两种溶胶来制备混合溶胶。HA可以提高钛基的生物活性,TiO2可以提高涂层与基体的物理、化学相容性和结合强度。粘结拉伸结果表明,复合涂层与基体结合良好,比纯HA涂层与基体的结合强度提高约47%。复合涂层试样于SBF中浸泡4、7和14d的SEM分析结果表明,复合涂层表面的类骨磷灰石生成量较高。成骨细胞实验结果表明,复合涂层上细胞铺展良好。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备铝合金陶瓷涂层

采用溶胶-凝胶法在铝合金表面制备无机耐磨陶瓷涂层,考察了不同配比的SiO2溶胶对涂层表面质量、显微硬度以及与基体的界面结合情况的影响,并研究了陶瓷涂层的形成机制。结果表明,当SiO2溶胶的配比中,正硅酸乙酯与水、乙醇的摩尔比为1∶1∶10时,得到的涂层表面平整紧实,显微硬度最高。微观分析发现涂层和基体发生了一定程度的化学反应,涂层中出现了AlN、Al3SiCr、Al0.7Fe3Si0.3等新相,表明界面出现过渡层。溶胶与陶瓷粉体制备的复合涂料,使得涂层能在较低温度下完成烧结,从而在铝合金表面得到致密的陶瓷涂层。     

A novel route to prepare hydrophobic and durable antireflective hybrid silica coating by sol-gel method

The application of antireflective coatings to the glass covers of solar thermal collectors, allows increasing the efficiency of the whole system. The work presented here describes the room temperature synthesis of highly transparent and hydrophobic silica coatings using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a precursor and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a hydrophobic modifying agent via a simple dip coating technique. Then, the films were characterized by measuring contact angle and optical transparency, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. A new two-step method by double layer of acidic and basic sols was employed. Results showed the maximum transmittance of the antireflective solar glass with double layer coating is about 95.02% at 565 nm wavelength, which is about 4% higher than the substrate glass. The durability of the materials used in solar systems is a key point since they should keep their initial properties during the operational lifetime. In this work, the stability of the optical properties of the films after one year at room temperature in an environment has been achieved, thanks to the application of a hydrophobic treatment and two step-catalyzed sols to the coating. The addition of PDMS to the silica sols improved the hydrophobicity of the coating, and prevented to some extent the coating from cracking which occurred in a pure inorganic thick antireflective coating. It was observed that the obtained silica films become hydrophobic with the introduction of the hydrophobic organic group and static water contact angle (97°) was obtained for the silica film prepared with double layer of acidic/basic coating.     

Formation and in vitro induction ability of apatite nanobelt coating on silicon

Apatite coating with nanobelt structure was fabricated on single crystal silicon by a two-step method of electrodeposition at 1.0-2.0 mA/cm2 with DC power and vapor-thermal treatment(VTT) at 150-180℃ for 6 h over alkali medium.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),and electron diffraction spectrometry(EDS) were employed to investigate the compositions and morphologies of specimens before or after vapor-thermal treatment.The results demonstrate that nanobelt crystals of coating,0.5-2 μm in width,100 nm in thickness,and 6-10 μm in length,are Ca-deficient apatite(CDA) with a mole ratio of Ca to P approximately of 1.60,which shows similarity of the nanobelt coating to inorganic phase in composition and to collagen in dimension appearing in human hard tissue.Induced nucleation and growth of bone-like apatite were observed on the nanobelt after soaking in a simulated body fluid(SBF) for 6 h and for 3 d,respectively,identifying that nanobelt has good ability for induction of bone-like apatite in SBF.     

溶胶凝胶法制备无机涂层及热防护性能研究

为实现铝合金结构材料在高温环境下的热防护,采用溶胶-凝胶法在铝合金表面制备无机锆溶胶涂层。采用正丙醇锆和冰醋酸制备了稳定性良好的锆溶胶,研究了聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)含量对锆溶胶粒子大小和黏度的影响规律,并分析了PVP对溶胶粒子的作用机制。添加60%(质量分数,下同)SiO_2填料制备无机涂层,并对涂层进行烧蚀考核,对比研究了不同胶粘剂对涂层结构和热防护性能的影响。根据涂层在烧蚀考核中的宏微观响应,分析了无机涂层在高温下的热防护机制。结果表明:冰醋酸添加量为2.6 g时,锆溶胶稳定性最好;添加质量分数为7%PVP优化后,锆溶胶粒子大小均匀并且具有最好的涂覆性;3种不同胶黏剂基涂层在1300℃火焰烧蚀30 s后基体均未发生破坏,水玻璃基涂层烧蚀后发生剥落;较其它胶黏剂涂层,锆溶胶基涂层具有最好的热防护效果。烧蚀过程中,锆溶胶粒子在高温下发生脱水缩合形成纳米氧化锆粒子,弥散分布在填料周围,与填料产生良好的协同隔热作用,使涂层整体具有良好的高温热防护性能。     

溶胶-凝胶法CeO2涂覆钨纤维工艺

以硝酸铈作为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法对预处理后的钨纤维进行CeO2涂覆改性,探讨Ce溶胶的制备工艺,研究溶胶特性、煅烧温度、升温速度以及涂覆层数对涂覆效果的影响。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)分析Ce溶胶的特征基团,X射线衍射(XRD)分析Ce凝胶煅烧后的物相组成,扫描电镜(SEM)分析CeO2涂层纤维的微观形貌,电子能谱仪(EDS)分析涂层纤维的物质组成。结果表明:溶胶制备中加入二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)可提高溶胶稳定性,有利于钨纤维的涂覆改性;在真空气氛中,采用1℃/min的升温速度并在600℃煅烧2 h的一次涂覆工艺,制备了均匀、致密、完整的CeO2涂层。     

Fabrication and characterization of honeycomb-like superstructures consisting of ZnS nanosheets

Honeycomb-like superstructures consisting of ZnS nanosheets with uniform thickness of about 20nm and lateral dimension of several micrometers were built up from in-situ generated ZnS nanoparticles in the presence of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and butylamine. The result of HRTEM reveals that the size of the primary ZnS nanoparticles constituting the superstructures is about 2-4 nm. Upon their organization into complex superstructures, the quantum-confined effect of the ZnS nanosheets keeps well. The possible growth mechanism for ZnS superstructures was also proposed.     

采用全化学溶胶--凝胶工艺制备YBCO覆膜导体

采用TFA-MOD工艺在LaAlO3(100)衬底上制备了临界电流密度高达1.5 MA/cm2(77 K,0 T)的YBCO超导薄膜材料,其超导转变温度接近91 K;同时还在LaAlO3(100)衬底上采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了具有高度外延取向的Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3缓冲层材料,在此基础上采用TFA-MOD工艺沉积的YBCO超导薄膜也获得了高达0.25MA/cm2(77 K,0T)的临界电流密度.     

硅钢涂层机的改进与涂层膜厚的控制

以硅钢退火涂层机组为例,介绍了通过电机控制涂层压力的涂层机的结构设计原理,并对其进行了改进。结合实际应用,分析了涂层辊检测压力与涂层膜厚之间的关系,并对调节涂层压力的电机传动设计选型进行了计算。