TMA脉冲和吹扫时间对原子层沉积的氧化铝薄膜的影响

采用原子层沉积技术(ALD)进行Al_2O_3薄膜工艺研究,获得85℃低温Al_2O_3薄膜ALD的最佳工艺条件。使用椭偏仪测试厚度,使用扫描探针显微镜对薄膜表面形貌进行分析,使用紫外-分光光度计对薄膜的透过率进行分析,所用水汽透过率测试仪器是自行开发的基于钙电学法的测试仪器。分析了在85℃低温下的生长工艺条件对薄膜性能的影响,从前驱体脉冲时间,吹扫时间等工艺条件,对Al_2O_3薄膜的工艺条件进行优化。以三甲基铝(TMA)和H_2O为前驱体制备的Al_2O_3薄膜:沉积速率为0.1nm/cycle,表面粗糙度为0.46nm,对550nm波长光透过率为99.2%,薄膜厚度不均匀性为1.89%,200 nm的Al_2O_3薄膜的水汽透过率为1.55×10~(-4) g/m~2/day。     

大气压介质阻挡放电等离子体辅助原子层沉积氧化铝阻隔膜

为了研究纳米氧化铝对双向拉伸聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜(BOPET)阻隔性能的影响,利用自行设计加工的大气压介质阻挡放电(DBD)等离子辅助原子层沉积(PAALD)设备,使用三甲基铝(TMA)和氧气等离子体(O²)在厚度为120 μm的BOPET上生长氧化铝(Al₂O₃)无机层。采用椭圆偏振仪、原子力显微镜、红外光谱仪、X射线光电子能谱分析和透湿仪等分别对氧化铝薄膜的厚度、表面形貌、成分和水蒸气透过率等进行测量和表征。结果表明,大气压DBD等离子体辅助沉积 Al₂O₃薄膜具有ALD生长特性,生长速率为0.27 nm/周期,高于在低压下由等离子体辅助ALD沉积的Al₂O₃的生长速率;生长的氧化铝薄膜结构致密、表面粗糙度小,薄膜成分较纯;其水蒸气透过率(WVTR)由PET原膜的3.17 g/(m²·d)低至0.05 g/(m²·d)。     

采用水基原子层沉积工艺在石墨烯上沉积Al2O3介质薄膜研究

采用水基原子层沉积(H2O-based ALD)方法在石墨烯上直接生长Al2O3介质薄膜,研究了Al2O3成核机理.原子力显微镜(AFM)对Al2O3薄膜微观形态分析表明,沉积温度决定着Al2O3在石墨烯表面的成核生长情况,物理吸附在石墨烯表面的水分子是Al2O3成核的关键,物理吸附水分子的均匀性直接影响Al2O3薄膜的均匀性.在适当的温度窗口(100～130℃),Al2O3可以均匀沉积在石墨烯上,AFM测得Al2O3薄膜表面均方根粗糙度(RMS)为0.26 nm,X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表面分析与元素深度剖析表明,120℃下在石墨烯表面沉积的Al2O3薄膜中O和Al元素的含量比约为1.5.拉曼光谱分析表明,采用H2O-based ALD工艺沉积栅介质薄膜不会降低石墨烯晶体质量.     

原子层沉积Al2O3薄膜钝化n型单晶硅表面的研究

以三甲基铝(TMA)和水为反应源,采用原子层沉积(ALD)技术在n型单晶硅表面沉积15nm、30nm和100nm的Al2O3薄膜,并对样品进行快速退火(RTA)处理。采用少子寿命测试仪测试样品的有效少子寿命,获得了表面复合速率(SRV),通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析了薄膜的化学成分,在此基础上研究了薄膜厚度及退火条件对钝化效果的影响,并分析了钝化机理。结果表明:ALD技术制备的Al2O3薄膜经退火后可使n型单晶硅SRV值降低到7cm/s,表面钝化效果显著。     

脉冲微波表面波PECVD在有机PET表面沉积DLC薄膜的阻隔性研究

目的 探讨使用脉冲微波表面波等离子体辅助化学气相沉积技术在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）材料表面沉积类金刚石薄膜作为阻隔层的可行性。方法 以C2H2为单体,氩（Ar）为放电气体,采用脉冲微波表面波等离子体化学气相沉积（PECVD）技术在有机PET材料表面沉积类金刚石（Diamond-like Carbon, DLC）薄膜。研究工艺参数,如脉冲微波放电功率、工作气压、单体与工作气体的体积比等,对DLC薄膜沉积速率和阻隔性能的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、氧气和水蒸气透过率测试仪等对薄膜结构与性能进行表征。结果 DLC薄膜的结构和成分随着等离子体放电工艺参数的变化而改变,造成其阻隔性能也随之发生变化。PET表面沉积纳米级DLC薄膜后,氧气透过率和水蒸气透过率可以分别降至0.58 mL/(m2?d)和2.5 g/(m2?d)。结论 DLC薄膜对氧气和水蒸气都表现出良好的阻隔性,可以应用于食品、药品的阻隔包装。     

氧离子能量对离子束辅助沉积Al2O3薄膜的结构及光学性能的影响

利用氧离子束辅助脉冲反应磁控溅射技术在聚酰亚胺基底上沉积Al2O3薄膜。这项技术在溅射高纯铝靶材的同时利用低能氧离子进行氧化来控制薄膜的化学配比。研究了薄膜沉积过程中离子束辅助的作用以及离子束放电电压对Al2O3薄膜的化学成分、结构、表面形貌、光学性能以及沉积速率的影响。结果发现,离子束放电电压对薄膜的化学成分具有显著影响,当电压增加到200 V,薄膜已基本达到完全化学计量比且薄膜为非晶结构;薄膜表面粗糙度随着离子束放电电压的增加而减小,当电压达到300V时,薄膜具有最小的表面粗糙度;通过对Al2O3薄膜透射谱的测量,分析薄膜的光学特性,获得了薄膜的光学常数随离子束放电电压的变化规律,发现氧离子束辅助沉积的薄膜具有较高的折射系数和较低的消光系数;另外,薄膜的沉积速率在电压增加到300V时达到最大值70 nm/min,是未采用离子束辅助时沉积速率的5倍。     

SiOx/PET复合薄膜的力学性能及阻隔性能

目的基于氧化硅(SiO_x)镀层优异的性能,研究不同厚度的SiO_x层对SiO_x/PET复合薄膜力学性能和阻隔性能的影响,以期得到性能较优的SiO_x/PET复合薄膜。方法以自制的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)薄膜为基材,采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法沉积得到SiO_x层厚度分别为40,150,230,320 nm的SiO_x/PET复合薄膜,并进行傅里叶变换红外线光谱分析、力学性能和阻隔性能测试,以及薄膜表观形貌分析。结果沉积SiO_x层后,SiO_x/PET复合薄膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随SiO_x层厚度的增大先增大后减小,氧气透过率和水蒸气透过率则出现明显衰减而后逐渐平缓的趋势。SiO_x层厚度达150~230 nm时,复合薄膜的力学性能和阻隔性能表现较优,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、氧气透过率以及水蒸气透过率分别提高了约25.0%,20.9%,79.3%,77.3%。结论适宜厚度的SiO_x层可以使得SiO_x/PET复合薄膜同时具备较优的力学性能和阻隔性能。     

原子层沉积系统设计的研究

本文介绍作者自行设计的原子层沉积(ALD)实验系统和所沉积薄膜的检测结果。为了研究ALD技术,作者设计了一套试验性的ALD沉积系统。该系统主要由反应腔、前驱体容器、真空泵、控制系统等部件构成。两个前驱体容器带有加热装置,支持气体或液体前驱体。前驱体、反应腔的温度,沉积过程中气体的交替,以及各种参数都可以设定,并由控制系统自动控制。在系统测试中,使用Al2(CH3)3和H2O作为前驱体,在含有Si-H键的Si基片上沉积Al2O3高k介质薄膜。使用电子探针分析仪分析薄膜成分后,证实了所沉积的薄膜是Al2O3。使用XPS分析薄膜表面时只检测到Al,O元素,没有检测到Si元素,说明Al2O3薄膜是连续的,完整地覆盖了Si表面。使用X射线光电子谱检测元素面分布的结果显示,Al,O在Si上的分布具有较好均一性,表明Al2O3薄膜的均匀性良好。使用电子束照射已沉积Al2O3的Si基片时,发现有大量电子累积在薄膜表面,说明所沉积的Al2O3具有良好的介电性。     

离子束辅助沉积Al2O3薄膜的微观状态及其物理特性研究

本文利用透射电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X光电子能谱等微观分析手段 ,系统研究了氧离子束辅助离子束沉积方法制备的Al2 O3 薄膜的化学成分、微观结构、表面形貌及其随退火温度的变化 ,并对Al2 O3 薄膜折射率、显微硬度和膜基结合强度等物理特性及其随沉积温度的变化进行了详细研究。研究发现 :用离子束辅助沉积制备的薄膜基本满足Al2 O3 的标准成分配比 ;在沉积温度低于 5 0 0℃制备的Al2 O3 薄膜以非晶Al2 O3 相a Al2 O3 为主 ;Al2 O3 薄膜的表面粗糙度、折射率、显微硬度随沉积温度的增加而增加 ;当沉积温度高于 2 0 0℃时 ,薄膜与基体间的膜基结合强度将随沉积温度的增加而下降。分析表明 :薄膜表面形貌与晶体内部的结构相变有关 ,薄膜的退火相变途径为a Al2 O380 0℃ γ Al2 O310 0 0℃ γ Al2 O3 +α Al2 O312 0 0℃ α Al2 O3 。     

离子刻蚀对磁控溅射氧化铝薄膜的影响

研究了PET薄膜表面经氩离子刻蚀后其物理性能的变化,经氩离子刻蚀后磁控溅射沉积Al2O3薄膜表面的测试结果表明:离子刻蚀使PET基体表面更加洁净;Al2O3与基体的结合强度增大;镀膜表面更加均匀;虽然对阻隔性的影响不大,但由于结合强度的增加,Al2O3膜在使用的过程中,膜层不易脱落,对保持阻隔性有一定的作用.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.