改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展

通过丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、有机硅、有机氟和纳米材料对水性聚氨酯进行改性是水性聚氨酯改性研究的重点。简述了几种较典型的改性方法,指出了不同改性技术的优势与不足以及改性对产品力学性能、热稳定性等的影响。展望了水性聚氨酯的未来发展方向。     

氨基硅油微乳液改性水性聚氨酯的合成和性能

合成了水性聚氨酯乳液和氨基硅油(AEAPS)微乳液改性水性聚氨酯乳液,研究了两种水性聚氨酯的性能及在织物上的涂层效果。结果表明,当氨基硅油相对于聚丙二醇的质量百分比为8.18%时,有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的离心稳定性好,乳液胶膜表面硅原子的质量分数为0.92%;该有机硅改性水性聚氨酯软段相与硬段相的微观相分离增大,乳液胶膜的耐水性能和热稳定性提高;该有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液作为织物涂层剂时,可以赋予织物柔软、滑爽的风格。     

Preparation and physical properties of two-component polyurethane flame-retardant coatings using trichloro modified polyesters

Trichloro modified polyester polyols were synthesized by two-step condensation reactions. An intermediate compound was synthesized by the esterification of trichloroacetic acid with trimethylolpropane in the first step. In the next step, polycondensation of the intermediate, 1,4-butanediol and trimethylolpropane with adipic acid was carried out. Two-component flame-retardant polyurethane coatings were prepared by blending these modified polyester polyols and polyisocyanate. The physical properties of these new coatings were comparable to non-flame-retardant coatings. They showed a drying time of 3–4 h and a pot life time of 10–13 h, which could belong to the flame-retardant coatings with long pot life times. Coating with 20 wt % trichloroacetic acid showed a self-extinguishing property in the vertical burning test. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 913–920, 1998     

新型紫外线固化环氧树脂/丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的合成与性能

合成了一种新型的具有高交联密度和优异涂膜性能的环氧树脂和丙烯酸酯同时改性的紫外线（UV）固化水性聚氨酯（UV-EP-AC-WPUD）。通过环氧基团与以异氰酸酯基团（-N=C=O）封端的聚氨酯预聚体之间的反应引入质量分数为4%的环氧树脂E-20。同时,通过聚氨酯链的-N=C=O与二元丙烯酸酯（PEDA）以及季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯（PETA）的羟基之间的反应引入碳碳双键（C=C）,C=C的含量达到4.65 meq·g-1。 质量分数为3%的光引发剂Irgacure 2959被用于引发涂膜中C=C的聚合,涂膜的凝胶含量在12 s UV辐射之后达到91%,意味着C=C的聚合和交联速度快,同时所得到的涂膜的交联度非常高,不溶于溶剂丙酮,测试表明环氧树脂和两种丙烯酸酯单体已经成功嵌入聚氨酯链中,涂膜具有优异的力学性能和化学性能。     

丙烯酸酯改性交联型水性聚氨酯胶黏剂

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚己二酸-1,4-丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)为主要原料、三聚氰胺为交联剂,合成了双键封端的交联型水性聚氨酯,再经过原位聚合制备了丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯胶黏剂。利用FTIR、XRD、DLS、DTA、电子拉力机、邵氏硬度计等对材料结构与性能进行了表征。通过调节水性聚氨酯与丙烯酸酯的质量比、三聚氰胺的添加量,对产品性能进行了优化。结果表明,当水性聚氨酯与丙烯酸酯质量比为6∶4、三聚氰胺占水性聚氨酯质量为0.53%时,胶黏剂发生5%质量分数的降解温度可达到312℃,吸水率仅为4.69%,T-型剥离强度为5.3 kN/m。     

丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展

简述了丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯4种常用的改性方法:嵌段共聚改性、接枝共聚改性、核-壳乳液聚合改性和互穿聚合物网络改性(IPN);综述了国内外丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯研究进展。     

Surface and bulk properties of waterborne polyurethane modified with fluorinated siloxane

Two series of polyester and polyether waterborne polyurethanes (WPUs) modified with poly[(3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl)methylsiloxane] (PTFPMS) were synthesized by prepolymerization method and the effect of PTFPMS on surface and bulk properties were investigated by a variety of experimental methods. FTIR and DSC results showed that the polyester WPU has better compatibility between soft segments and hard segments than polyether WPU in bulk and the degree of phase separation increased in polyester WPU but decreased in polyether WPU with increasing PTFPMS. ARXPS analysis revealed the migration of PTFPMS to WPU surface and the migration ability of Si element was better than F element. AFM images demonstrated that the surface of WPU films became rougher as PTFPMS content increased. The enrichment of PTFPMS with low surface energy and roughened surface imparted good hydrophobicity and oleophobicity to WPU films and polyether WPU has better surface properties compared with polyester WPU. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46473.     

Synthesis and characterization of eugenol-based silicone modified waterborne polyurethane with excellent properties

A eugenol-based silicone-containing monomer 4,4′-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane-1,3-dipropyl)bis-2-methoxyphenol(EUSi) was synthesized from eugenol and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane via the hydrosilylation reaction. And waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with excellent properties was obtained by using EUSi as a type of diol chain extender. The unique combination of rigidity and flexibility in the chemical structure of EUSi greatly facilitated the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and water resistance of WPU. With only a 3% dosage of EUSi, the maximum tensile strength was increased from 6.2 to 22.4 MPa, while the water absorption was decreased from 31.3% to a surprisingly 7.6%. Our work provides a new convenient strategy for the preparation of organosilicon-modified WPU with improved performance.     

纳米SiO_2改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能研究

以硅烷偶联剂(KH-550)作为纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)的表面处理剂,以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚醚二元醇(N-220)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和nano-SiO2等为主要原料,制备nano-SiO2改性WPU(水性聚氨酯)乳液。着重探讨了DMPA的加料方式、DMPA和nano-SiO2用量等对WPU乳液稳定性、粒径分布、耐水性和力学性能等影响。结果表明:采用先加入DMPA后扩链的加料方式,可制得外观及稳定性均较好的WPU乳液;当w(DMPA)=5%、w(改性nano-SiO2)=2.0%时,WPU乳液及其胶膜的综合性能较好。     

Preparation and characterization of the waterborne polyurethane modified with nanosilica

The nano-SiO₂ is used to modify the waterborne polyurethane, and the morphology and performance of the waterborne polyurethane (are studied in) prepared by the in-suit polymerization method and the blending method. The properties and structure have been characterized by fourier transform infrared spectra (IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermal gravimetric (TG), transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) and Dynamical Mechanical Analysis(DMA). The experiment results show that, compared with the blending method, the in-suit polymerization has more advantages in that the nano-SiO₂ is evenly dispersed in the waterborne polyurethane, obviously in microphase separation and better in resistance to high temperature and water.     

改性六方氮化硼/水性聚氨酯防腐涂料制备与性能

以聚甘油-10(PG)作为稳定剂，在超声条件下对六方氮化硼(h-BN)进行剥离和改性。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和透射电镜(TEM)对PG改性的h-BN纳米片(GB)进行了表征。将制备的PG纳米粒子用作水性聚氨酯(WPU)涂层的防腐填料，制备了GB质量分数分别0，0.5%，1.0%，2.0%的为复合涂层(PU/GB)。考察了不同涂层的水接触角、吸水率、附着力损失、热稳定性和机械性能。最后，通过电化学工作站研究了WPU、PU/GB0.5、 PU/GB1.0 和PU/GB2.0复合涂层在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明，GB纳米粒子可以显著增强水性聚氨酯涂层的耐水性、热稳定性、机械性能和耐腐蚀性能。     

水性聚氨酯的改性及水性聚氨酯涂料

介绍了几种水性聚氨酯的改性技术,并对水性聚氨酯涂料的配制及其应用作了相关概述。     

丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展

详细介绍了丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的三种方法:共混改性,复合乳液共聚改性,接枝共聚改性, 综述了国内外丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展。     

丙烯酸酯类低聚物改性水性聚氨酯压敏胶的性能研究

以聚醚多元醇和IPDI(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯)为主要原料,以自制的DJW-330(丙烯酸酯类低聚物)为WPU(水性聚氨酯)乳液的化学改性剂,采用自乳化法合成了性能良好的改性WPUA(水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯)乳液。结果表明:当R=n(-NCO)/n(-OH)=0.95、w(DJW-330)=1.4%时,改性WPUA乳液的稳定性较好,其粒径分布变宽,耐热性略高于未改性WPU乳液;由于DJW-330与WPU分子间是以化学键的形式结合,故此时改性WPUA压敏胶的初粘力(14#号球)、持粘力(100 min)和180°剥离强度(5.38 N/cm)同时达到最大值。     

有机硅改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及其性能研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚醚二元醇(N-220)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和硅烷偶联剂(KH-550)等为主要原料,采用丙酮法合成了有机硅改性WPU(水性聚氨酯)乳液。结果表明:KH-550和DMPA的加料方式对WPU乳液稳定性影响较大;当w(DMPA)=3%～5%时,WPU乳液及其胶膜的综合性能较好。     

改性水性聚氨酯及其粘接性能

综述了水性聚氨酯的改性方法,包括环氧树脂改性、丙烯酸酯改性、有机硅改性、有机氟改性、纳米材料改性、复合改性。比较了各种改性方法的优缺点,指出了水性聚氨酯胶粘剂所存在的问题,展望了水性聚氨酯胶粘剂改性发展趋势。     

丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯的研究进展

介绍了丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯乳液(PUA)的制备方法,其中包括乳液型丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯、单体丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯、溶剂型丙烯酸酯低聚物改性水性聚氨酯,指出了各改性方法的优缺点;概述了国内外的研究现状,对丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯前景进行了展望。     

微波合成含氮掺杂碳量子点改性水性聚氨酯的制备与性能

以柠檬酸和尿素分别为碳源和氮源,微波法合成含氮掺杂碳点N-CDs。以异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、聚氧化丙烯（PPG-2000）为主要原料,加入不同量的N-CDs制备一系列碳点水性聚氨酯复合材料 （N-CDs/WPU）。通过FTIR、TEM、XPS、UV-vis、荧光光谱和力学性能测试等对复合材料结构和性能进行表征。测试结果表明N-CDs主要由碳氮氧元素组成,表面具有胺基、羟基等活性基团,N-CDs的加入,提高了复合胶膜的力学性能,赋予了胶膜荧光性能。当N-CDs质量分数为0.6%时胶膜拉伸强度达到最大35.00MPa,加入量质量分数为0.8%时荧光强度最佳。     

GMA对水性聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯清漆性能的影响

以聚己内酯二元醇(PCL)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、2,2-二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为原料合成水性聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯乳液(WPUA),向WPUA中引入甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)和烯丙氧基羟丙基磺酸钠(AHPS),制备了环氧改性水性聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯(EPUAS)复合乳液,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)对改性前后EPUAS膜的结构和性能进行了表征,探讨w(GMA)对乳液及其涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:EPUAS乳液具有核壳结构,随着w(GMA)由1%提高到4%,胶膜的热稳定性提高,分解率为10%、30%、50%的热分解温度分别提高了9.4、20.2、45.5℃,拉伸强度从6.8 MPa逐渐增加到12.3 MPa,断裂伸长率由12.2%减小到6.6%,交联度由60.1%增加到81.7%、乳液的粒径从198 nm增大到273 nm;且在w(GMA)为4%时,EPUAS胶膜的吸水率、吸溶剂率分别降到7.2%、16.3%,综合性能达到最佳。     

PDMS改性蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯的制备及防污性能

本研究以低成本的二甲基二甲氧基硅烷为主要原料，通过水解缩合反应制备合成了聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS），进而将其引入蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯（CWPU-SOP）中制备了具有防污性能的蓖麻油基水性聚氨酯(PDMS/CWPU-SOP)。结果表明，当PDMS引入量为8%时，与CWPU-SOP薄膜相比，PDMS/CWPU-SOP薄膜接触角提高了25?，达110?，PDMS/CWPU-SOP薄膜的吸水率下降了7%，为15%；PDMS提高了薄膜疏水性和耐水性。PDMS/CWPU-SOP薄膜在不同酸碱性的液滴在其表面可自由滚落且不留痕迹，具有一定的防污性能。