锡在碱土焦磷酸盐中发光特性的研究

本文合成了Ｓｒ２Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ，（Ｓｒ１－ｘＣａｘ）２Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ和（Ｓｒ０．９Ｃａ０．１）２Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ三个体系系列样品，研究了它们的发光光谱，详细地讨论了Ｓｎ２＋含量对Ｓｒ２Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ和（Ｓｒ０．９Ｃａ０．１）２Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ以及Ｃａ２＋含量对（Ｓｒ１－ｘＣａｘ）Ｐ２Ｏ７∶Ｓｎ发光特性的影响     

Cr_2O_3在SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-B_2O_3系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用

利用ＳＭＥ和ＸＲＤ等技术,系统研究了Ｃｒ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－Ｂ２Ｏ３系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用。当Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＜１时,随着Ｃｒ２Ｏ３。含量的增加,玻璃试样的颜色由浅绿色逐渐转变成灰色;Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＞１时,镁铬（铝）类晶石,Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４,在玻璃试样中析出;在玻璃陶瓷中,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％的含量的增加有助于Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４相的析出,对云母晶体的析出有抑制作用。同时还发现Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的含量对云母晶体显微组织也有显著的影响作用。     

LaCrO_3－NiMn_2O_4复合陶瓷的结构分析

将尖晶石型ＮｉＭｎ＿２Ｏ＿４及钙钛矿型ＬａＣｒＣ＿３这二者电阻个较高的半导体陶瓷热敏材料复合并经高温烧结后，其复合体电阻率大幅度降低。应用ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＴＥＭ和ＳＥＭ对复合体结构进行较为系统的研究，结果表明：ＮｉＭｎ＿２Ｏ＿４与ＬａＣｒＯ＿３按一定比例复合后，在烧结过程中两者之间有离子迁移发生，离子迁移的结果使钙钛矿结构的ＬａＣｒＯ＿３转变为高导电相的Ｌａ［Ｃｒ＿（１－ｘ－ｙ）Ｎｉ＿ｘＭＮ＿ｙ］Ｏ＿３（０＜ｙ＜０，０＜ｘ＋ｙ＜０），它使复合体电阻率大幅度降低。     

LaCrO3—NiMn2O4复合陶瓷的结构分析

将尖晶石型ＮｉＭｎ２Ｏ４及钙钛矿型ＬａＣｒＯ３这二者电阻率较高的半导体陶瓷热敏材料复合并经高温烧结后，其复合体电阻率大幅度降低。应用ＸＲＤ，ＸＰＳ，ＴＥＭ和ＳＥＭ对复合体结构进行较为系统的研究，结果表明：ＮｉＭｎ２Ｏ４与ＬａＣｒＯ３按一定比例复合后，在烧结过程中两者之间有离子迁移发生，离子迁移的结果使钙钛矿结构的ＬａＣｒＯ３转变为高导电相的Ｌａ［Ｃｒ１－ｘ－ｙＮｉｘＭｎｙ］Ｏ３（０〈ｘ〈１，０〈ｙ     

AA-MAn-AMPS共聚物的合成及其阻垢分散性能

首次以水为溶剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,将丙烯酸（ＡＡ） 、马来酸酐（ＭＡｎ）、２ 丙烯酰氨基 ２ 甲基丙烷磺酸（ＡＭＰＳ） 按一定单体物质的量比进行共聚, 合成了系列ＡＡ－ ＭＡｎ－ ＡＭＰＳ共聚物。探讨了它们对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 的阻垢率与共聚物用量、共聚物单体物质的量比的关系,研究了共聚物在稳定锌、分散氧化铁方面的性能。结果表明：共聚物Ｂ［ ｎ （ＡＡ）∶ｎ（ＭＡｎ）∶ｎ（ＡＭＰＳ） ＝ ７０∶２０∶１０］ 对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 具有优良的阻垢分散性能, 当ｗ（Ｃａ２＋） ＝１５０ ×１０－６, ｗ（ＰＯ４３－ ）＝ ６×１０－ ６,ｐＨ＝９－０,θ＝５０ ℃,ｔ ＝ １０ ｈ,共聚物的质量分数＝１０×１０－６ 时,对Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２ 的阻垢率达９９－４５％ ;共聚物Ｇ［ ｎ（ＡＡ）∶ｎ（ＭＡｎ）∶ｎ（ＡＭＰＳ） ＝７０∶１５∶１５］则具有良好的稳定锌能力,当ｗ（Ｚｎ２＋）＝１０×１０－６ ,ｐＨ＝８－８～９－０,θ＝ ５０ ℃,ｔ ＝ ２４ ｈ,共聚物的质量分数＝ １０ ×１０－６ 时,对Ｚｎ（ＯＨ）２ 的阻垢率达７４－４２％ 。Ｂ、Ｇ均具有较好的分散氧化铁性能。ＡＡ－ ＭＡｎ － ＡＭＰＳ共聚物可用作工业循环冷却水的阻垢分散剂。     

合成2,6-二甲基苯胺的催化剂及工艺条件研究

通过实验筛选出该反应的催化剂为Ｖ２Ｏ５ － Ｃｒ２Ｏ３ － Ａｌ２Ｏ３ ,确定了浸渍法制备的浸渍液质量分数为１３－２％ ,催化剂中主催化剂Ｖ２Ｏ５ 的最佳质量分数为１０ ％ ,最佳改性金属氧化物为Ｃｒ２Ｏ３及最适宜比例为ｎ（Ｖ２Ｏ５）∶ｎ（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３） ＝１０∶１ 。通过工艺条件考察,筛选出最佳工艺条件为：反应温度３７０ ℃,原料配比ｎ（Ｃ７Ｈ７ＮＨ２）∶ｎ（ＣＨ３ＯＨ）∶ｎ（Ｈ２Ｏ）＝ １∶３∶１,液时空速０－５／ｈ,原料中加入水可明显提高目的产物选择性。反应转化率为７４－２９ ％ ,目的产物选择性为５１－２４ ％ 。     

金—钼酸盐—丁基罗丹明B体系显色反应研究

研究了在高氯酸和聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）存在下，金与钼酸盐和丁基罗丹明Ｂ（ＢＲＢ）的显色反应。其适宜条件ＣＨＣｌＯ４＝１．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＣＭｏＯ２－４＝９．１×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＣＢＲＢ＝３．８×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ及０．０８％ＰＶＡ。金钼杂多酸—丁基罗丹明Ｂ离子缔合物的最大吸收位于５７０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为３．３６×１０６Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，金量在０～４０μｇ／Ｌ范围内服从比尔定律，测定极限（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）０．９０μｇ／Ｌ（ｎ＝１０），对于２８μｇＡｕ（Ⅲ）／Ｌ测定的相对标准偏差２．１％（ｎ＝７）。缔合物至少可稳定５ｈ，摩尔比Ａｕ∶ＢＲＢ＝１∶３。考察了４４种共存离子的影响，大多数常见离子不干扰，用活性炭分离富集金，对砂矿和炭粉中金的测定，结果满意。     

快速测定废水的COD

本文提出以ＭｎＳＯ４－Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ３ＰＯ４作催化溶液快速测定ＣＯＤ的方法，测定条件是：ＭｎＳＯ４ ０．２ｇ／２０ｍＬ，Ｈ２ＳＯ４：Ｈ３ＰＯ４＝５：１（体积比），回流１ｈ，用吸收装置吸收并用碘量法测定Ｃｌ２，从表观ＣＯＤ中扣去。本法具有较高的准确度和精密度。     

PZN－PFN－PFW系陶瓷的介电性质和钙钛矿相的稳定作用

研究了Ｐｈ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）ｘ（Ｆｅ１／２Ｎｂ１／２）０．６４－ｘ（Ｆｅ２／３Ｗ１／３）０．３６Ｏ３（ＰＺＮ－ＰＦＮ－ＰＦＷ）系陶瓷中ＰＺＮ含量与焦录石相形成间的关系，以及少量添加剂对钙钛矿相的稳定和介电性能的影响。在该系中仅添加０．１５ｗｔ％ＭｎＣＯ３就可制备１００％钙钛矿型结构的陶瓷。文中报导了该系组成的相关系和介电性质。钙钛矿结构的陶瓷介电常数高，电容温度系数较低。     

Fe_2O_3－SrO－TeO_2系半导体玻璃电导的研究

用准急压冷法制成Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｒＯ－ＴｅＯ_２系半导体玻璃并对其直流电导率进行了测定。玻璃形成范围为（以摩尔计）；０≤Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３≤２３％；０≤ＳｒＯ≤１８％；７５％≤ＴｅＯ_２＜１００％。通过Ｓｅｅｂｅｃｋ系数的测定确认Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｒＯ－ＴｅＯ_２系玻璃为ｎ型半导体玻璃。２００℃的直流电导率为３．７２×１０￣（－５）～１．８２×１０￣（－６）Ｓ·ｃｍ￣（－１）。直流电导率随着Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３含量的增加而增加，１６５℃时的载流子迁移率和浓度分别为１．１２×１０￣（－９）～３．６７×１０￣－７ｃｍ￣２·Ｖ￣（－１）·Ｓ￣（－１）和２．１７×１０￣（２１）～８．３３×１０￣１９ｃｍ￣（－３）．讨论的结果表明Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３－ＳｒＯ－ＴｅＯ_２系玻璃的电导机理符合小极化子跳越理论。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。