光纤传感技术应用于轧制力测量的研究

中介绍一种光纤法布里-珀罗干涉式应变传感器，并对其应用于轧制力测量进行了研究。详细分析了该传感器的原理，导出了轧制力与光纤干涉腔反射光强的关系表达式。理论分析和实验结果表明，用这种光纤应变传感器测量轧制力是切实可行的，与传统的测量轧制力的方法比较，具有结构简单，抗干扰能力强，测量准确度高，灵敏度高等优点。     

冲击荷载下基于埋入式光纤光栅传感器的混凝土动态应变测试

为实现冲击荷载下混凝土材料内动态应变的直接测量,研制了基于光纤Bragg光栅的混凝土光纤光栅应变传感器。将光纤光栅传感器埋入混凝土试件在SHPB装置上进行了冲击试验,由光纤传感器和粘贴于试件表面的电阻应变计分别测量了试件内和表面的动态应变。利用测量结果分析了混凝土在冲击荷载下的动态应力应变响应。对测量结果的分析和比较表明,采用埋入光纤传感器来实现混凝土结构内应变直接测量的方法可行、合理,研制的光纤光栅传感器适合于混凝土内动态应变测量,可更广泛地应用于混凝土、岩石等介质的动态性能试验及结构的动态响应测试中。     

光纤缠绕式应变传感器

研究了一种可用于机敏复合材料与结构状态监测的本征型强度调制光纤应变传感器,它由两根以上多模光纤相互缠绕绞合形成。分析了该传感器的应变传感原理,得到其既能测量拉应变、又能测量压应变的结论。传感器对应变的响应具有良好的线性和重复性,灵敏度高,无迟滞现象。对植入碳纤维/环氧复合材料内的光纤缠绕型应变传感器的实验结果与理论分析一致,表明该传感器是适合于机敏复合材料与结构状态监测的较为理想的光纤传感器。     

大型结构应变场光纤分布监测系统

研究了一种用于大型工程结构应变、变形状态监测的基于光时域反射技术的分布式光纤应变传感系统。设计了一种新型的光纤微弯传感器结构,用于对沿传感光纤分布各测量点的应变信息进行提取;在此新结构的基础上,了全光纤型应变传感器串行阵列,以对构件应变测量和安全监测为主要目标,建立了起了分布光纤应变实时监测系统,进行了系统实验了得到了良好的结构。     

光纤在土木工程中的应用

本文介绍了光纤传感器在土木工程应力场、应变场或速度场、温度场测试中的应用情况。介绍了分布式光纤压力传感器，变形测量传感器，光弹式压力传感器和光纤阵列传感方式及其在土木工程的应力、应变及速度测试当中的应用。以及在结构主动抗震的人工神经网络系统中的应用。及其发现前景的展望。     

基于双模LPFG折射率不敏感双参量传感器

环境折射率和环境温度变化是影响光纤应变测量误差的主要因素.本文利用双模光纤纤芯双模式(LP01和LP11)支持特性设计了一款环境折射率不敏感的双模光纤(DMF)长周期光纤光栅LPFG)应变传感器.设计了传感器模型结构,制作了最优化参数的传感器样品.实验测试了DMF-LPFG传感结构对外部环境中应变、温度和折射率的响应....     

复合材料结构内状态参数无损检测的新方法

提出一和中新颖的，采用埋置入材料与结构内光纤传感器阵列无损测量复合材料与结构内应变，应力及其损伤等状态参数的新方法，实验结果显示了该方法的可行性。     

光纤布拉格光栅应变传感器的低温特性

研制了一种新颖的菱形光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）低温传感器。采用有限元方法分析了这种结构的力学性能和温度特性。将该装置置于低温（液氮）拉伸设备中，实验研究了这种封装形式的低温应变特性。采用光纤布拉格光栅网络分析仪和低温应变仪，分别测量了液氮温度下菱形应变传感器的波长变化量和应变变化值，测得其应变系数为-0．7185μe／pm，线性度达到0．9998。     

混凝土结构的光纤光栅智能监测技术

根据混凝土结构的内部应变监测需要，提出了光纤光栅管式封装应变传感器，并对其传感特性进行了研究；探讨了光纤布拉格光栅传感元件在混凝土结构中的布设工艺，并用光纤光栅监测了水泥净浆的固化过程；用管式封装光纤光栅与裸光栅对钢筋温凝土梁进行了应变监测；最后将光纤光栅传感器成功地应用于黑大公路大桥。     

裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器工程特性试验研究

裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器结构纤巧,具有其它光纤光栅传感器无法比拟的结构优势。本文以等强度梁作为试验装置,通过对裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器的静态特性参数和动态响应特性进行的标定试验,验证了裸光纤光栅传感器在工程上直接应用的可能性。试验结果表明：裸光纤光栅传感器线性好,灵敏度较高,动态响应特性好,能够满足普通工程应用现场应力、应变的测量需求。     

Versatile Aerogels for Sensors

Aerogels are unique solid‐state materials composed of interconnected 3D solid networks and a large number of air‐filled pores. They extend the structural characteristics as well as physicochemical properties of nanoscale building blocks to macroscale, and integrate typical characteristics of aerogels, such as high porosity, large surface area, and low density, with specific properties of the various constituents. These features endow aerogels with high sensitivity, high selectivity, and fast response and recovery for sensing materials in sensors such as gas sensors, biosensors and strain and pressure sensors, among others. Considerable research efforts in recent years have been devoted to the development of aerogel‐based sensors and encouraging accomplishments have been achieved. Herein, groundbreaking advances in the preparation, classification, and physicochemical properties of aerogels and their sensing applications are presented. Moreover, the current challenges and some perspectives for the development of high‐performance aerogel‐based sensors are summarized.     

近程光电视觉传感器感知物体空间信息的研究

本文论述了二种新型光电近程视觉传感器的工作原理、计算方法和系统构成。一种是由多个点光源和位置敏感器(PSD)构成的传感器,文中从误差分析、统计运算的角度出发推导出确定被测对象空间信息的算法;另一种是由多个点光源和单个探测元件构成的传感器,这种传感器通过对位相信息的测定来感知物体的三维信息。两种传感器都能得到被测点到传感器之间的距离信息及被测表面空间取向的信息。所论及的传感器可用于机器人对三维物表面轮廓的追踪运动以及提供物体形状的三维描述信息等方面。     

Vacuum technology applied to solid state chemical sensors, processing, characterization and applications

This chapter will review several solid state chemical sensors with focus on the importance of ultra high vacuum, UHV, for the development of this area. Examples of sensors will be given where processing of sensors and sensing layers as well as characterization of chemical sensors takes place in UHV as well as examples of sensors for operation in UHV. Applications of chemical sensors both already commercialized and still on the research level will be given. Sensor technologies will span from metal oxide sensors, field effect transistor sensors to surface plasmon resonance, SPR, sensors and microcalorimeters. Examples of new challenging novel sensor approaches like sensors based on indirect SPR sensing and ultra sensitive graphene-based sensors for NO₂ detection will also be given.     

A Distributed Optical Fiber Chemical Sensor System

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导电聚苯胺在化学及电化学传感器中的应用

本文扼要综述了聚苯胺在化学传感器 (气敏电极 )及电化学传感器 (离子检测和生物传感器 )领域的主要应用。     

An Ultra‐Shapeable,Smart Sensing Platform Based on a Multimodal Ferrofluid‐Infused Surface

The development of wearable, all‐in‐one sensors that can simultaneously monitor several hazard conditions in a real‐time fashion imposes the emergent requirement for a smart and stretchable hazard avoidance sensing platform that is stretchable and skin‐like. Multifunctional sensors with these features are problematic and challenging to accomplish. In this context, a multimodal ferrofluid‐based triboelectric nanogenerator (FO‐TENG), featuring sensing capabilities to a variety of hazard stimulus such as a strong magnetic field, noise level, and falling or drowning is reported. The FO‐TENG consists of a deformable elastomer tube filled with a ferrofluid, as a triboelectric layer, surrounded by a patterned copper wire, as an electrode, endowing the FO‐TENG with excellent waterproof ability, conformability, and stretchability (up to 300%). In addition, The FO‐TENG is highly flexible and sustains structural integrity and detection capability under repetitive deformations, including bending and twisting. This FO‐TENG represents a smart multifaceted sensing platform that has a unique capacity in diverse applications including hazard preventive wearables, and remote healthcare monitoring.     

Sensitive Wearable Temperature Sensor with Seamless Monolithic Integration

Accurate temperature field measurement provides critical information in many scientific problems. Herein, a new paradigm for highly sensitive, flexible, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor-based artificial skin is reported, with the highest temperature sensing ability reported to date among previously reported NTC thermistors. This artificial skin is achieved through the development of a novel monolithic laser-induced reductive sintering scheme and unique monolithic structures. The unique seamless monolithic structure simultaneously integrates two different components (a metal electrode and metal oxide sensing channel) from the same material at ambient pressure, which cannot be achieved by conventional heterogeneous integration through multiple, complex steps of photolithography or vacuum deposition. In addition to superior performance, electronic skin with high temperature sensitivity can be fabricated on heat-sensitive polymer substrates due to the low-temperature requirements of the process. As a proof of concept, temperature-sensitive artificial skin is tested with conformally attachable physiological temperature sensor arrays in the measurement of the temperatures of exhaled breath for the early detection of pathogenic progression in the respiratory system. The proposed highly sensitive flexible temperature sensor and monolithic selective laser reductive sintering are expected to greatly contribute to the development of essential components in various emerging research fields, including soft robotics and healthcare systems.     

分布式光纤传感器现状与动向

分布式光纤传感器对许多工业应用尤其有吸引力,它可以同时获得被测场的空间分布和随时间的变化信息。本文综述分布式光纤传感器系统,并描述了这项技术的最新进展。