润滑条件对M50钢摩擦磨损性能的影响

使用重载往复摩擦磨损试验仪对比分析300 N载荷下不同润滑状态对M50钢摩擦磨损性能的影响,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、三维形貌轮廓仪、能谱仪(EDS)测量磨损表面形貌和成分,并对试样磨损后的截面组织进行分析。结果表明,在从乏油润滑到干摩擦的过程中摩擦因数发生突变,并在进入干摩擦后趋于稳定,磨损率先增大后减小。磨损机理从乏油润滑的磨粒磨损转变为干摩擦的氧化磨损和黏着磨损,且随着干摩擦的进行氧化加深,黏着磨损加剧,磨痕的截面组织细化,塑性变形加剧,在干摩擦阶段出现裂纹。     

一种新型摩擦材料在水润滑下的摩擦学性能研究

采用环块式摩擦磨损实验研究了一种新型摩擦材料在水润滑状态下不同载荷与转速对试样摩擦学性能的影响,并对比干摩擦条件下的摩擦学性能变化,借助磨损表面形貌观察分析其磨损机理。实验结果表明:水润滑条件下,摩擦系数随着载荷的增大而减小,随着转速的提高先增加后减小;磨损率随着载荷与转速的提高都减小。相同载荷与转速下,干摩擦时磨损机理以磨粒磨损和黏着磨损为主,而水润滑条件下水形成边界润滑,磨损机理以磨粒磨损和轻微的黏着磨损为主;水润滑条件下摩擦系数和磨损率均低于干摩擦,主要是由于水起到了润滑和冷却的作用,阻止了转移膜的形成,并在材料表面形成水膜起到了边界润滑的作用。     

高载荷条件下石墨-石墨摩擦副的摩擦学特性研究

利用研制的高载荷条件下摩擦因数测试装置,研究了石墨/石墨摩擦副在空气、水和油介质中的摩擦学特性。结果表明在4~15MPa范围内,随着载荷的增加,摩擦副在空气、水和油介质中的摩擦因数都逐渐降低;在油介质中摩擦副的摩擦因数最小,在水介质中摩擦因数变化最平稳,在空气中摩擦因数最大,且随载荷的增加变化幅度最大。磨损表面原始形貌对比分析表明,在空气中,摩擦副表面处于边界润滑状态,主要磨损机制是粘着磨损和犁削;水润滑条件下为轻微犁削;油润滑条件下,摩擦副表面处于为边界润滑和流体润滑状态,油中的减摩剂对试样表面有抛光作用。     

水润滑橡胶轴承的摩擦实验研究

首先通过标准摩擦磨损实验机得到了湿润滑条件下橡胶对钢摩擦副的有关摩擦学参数,探索了湿润滑条件下载荷和速度对摩擦系数的影响.然后对干摩擦、湿润滑和完全水润滑条件下的摩擦系数进行了对比分析.     

青铜-石墨热喷涂层在干摩擦和水润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能

在MM-200摩擦磨损试验机上研究了青铜-石墨热喷涂层在干摩擦和水润滑条件下的摩擦磨损性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对磨损表面形貌进行了观测和采用X射线能谱分析(XPS)分析了涂层成分。结果表明,在水润滑条件下涂层摩擦因数和磨损率均低于干摩擦条件下;在水润滑条件下磨损机制为轻微磨粒磨损和犁削磨损,在干摩擦下主要是较为严重的粘着磨损和犁削。这是由于水润滑降低了摩擦副界面温度,提高了石墨润滑膜的韧性,改善了润滑效果,从而阻止了粘着磨损的发生,水还促进了钢偶件表面致密氧化膜的形成,从而减轻磨损。因此水润滑对涂层磨损性能有较大影响。     

润滑条件对Al2O3基陶瓷材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

本文对Al2O3基陶瓷材料/45#钢摩擦副的摩擦系数与45#钢/45#钢的摩擦系数作了对比滑动摩擦试验研究,观测分析了Al2O3基陶材料磨痕形貌,并就干摩擦,油润滑状态下Al2O3基陶瓷材料的磨损机理进行了分析。结果表明,分别在干摩擦和20#机油润滑下,Al2O3基陶瓷材料/45#钢的摩擦系数均比45#钢自配副时的低,在干摩擦条件下,Al2O3基陶瓷材料的磨损机理是脆性微剥落和磨粒磨损,油润滑条件下,该材料的磨损机理是脆性脱落和耕犁,但磨损量小于干摩擦条件下的磨损量,说明油润滑对Al2O3基陶瓷材料有明显的减磨作用。     

弹性金属塑料复合材料的摩擦磨损特性研究

在MPX-2000摩擦磨损试验机上，用环盘摩擦副，结合扫描电镜分别评价了弹性金属塑料（EMP）复合材料与钢在油润滑和干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损特性。结果表明：两种试验条件下，相同滑动速度的摩擦系数随载荷的升高而减小，当载荷为2000N，滑动速度小于3.52m/s时，摩擦系数基于趋于稳定，EMP磨损率随滑动速度和载荷的升高耐增加，但不同试验条件的增幅不高，油润滑下滑动速度小于3.52m/s和干摩擦条件下滑动速度小于1.96m/s时，EMP以微切削，塑性变形和梨沟磨损为主，并在摩擦副两表面形成转移物。     

不同润滑条件下HIP-Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副摩擦特性的研究

在干摩擦、水润滑、锂基脂润滑和锂基脂＋MoS2润滑不同条件下,利用MPX-2000型盘销式摩擦磨损试验机,对HIP－Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副进行了摩擦磨损性能的对比试验研究,通过扫描电子显微镜对试件的表面形貌进行观察分析。结果表明:磨损速率的表现,Si3N4为水润滑＞干摩擦＞锂基脂润滑＞锂基脂＋MoS2润滑;GCr15为干摩擦＞水润滑＞锂基脂润滑＞锂基脂＋MoS2润滑。在锂基脂＋MoS2润滑条件下,HIP－Si3N4/GCr15摩擦副摩擦特性最佳。     

干摩擦和水润滑条件下单晶硅的摩擦磨损性能研究

在UMT-2微摩擦试验机上,对单晶硅片进行了干摩擦和水润滑两种状态下的摩擦磨损试验,分析讨论了载荷和滑动速度对单晶硅片的摩擦因数和磨损率的影响规律;运用扫描电子显微镜,观察和分析了其磨损表面形貌。结果表明:干摩擦条件下的磨损机理主要表现为黏着磨损,水润滑条件下的磨损机理主要表现为机械控制化学作用下的原子/分子去除过程;水润滑条件下的摩擦因数和磨损量均较小,最小磨损率仅为10μm3/s;在水润滑条件下,载荷和滑动速度达到一定值时,硅片表面将发生摩擦化学反应,生成具有润滑作用的Si(OH)4膜,即机械作用在一定条件下对化学反应具有促进作用。     

Ag膜在干摩擦、油和脂润滑下的摩擦学性能研究

精密运转部件表面沉积一层软金属银和银基固体薄膜可以有效地降低摩擦、减小磨损。通过钢球/镀Ag膜摩擦盘在干摩擦、4122油和L252脂润滑条件下的球-盘摩擦学试验,研究Ag膜在油和脂复合润滑下的摩擦学性能,分析润滑条件、载荷、速度对Ag膜摩擦因数的影响。试验结果表明:在4 N法向载荷和油、脂润滑下,与干摩擦相比,镀Ag膜摩擦副的最大静摩擦因数分别减小了10.7%和6.1%;在0～2 000 r/min转速范围内,Ag膜摩擦因数随转速增加而减小,与干摩擦相比,油润滑下Ag膜摩擦因数减小9%～48%,脂润滑下Ag膜摩擦因数减小17%～52%。Ag膜在干摩擦、4122润滑油和L252润滑脂复合润滑下,摩擦因数均随载荷增加而降低;Ag膜摩擦副/钢球在油、脂复合润滑下启动摩擦力矩小,摩擦副在宽转速范围内摩擦因数变化小,运转平稳。     

不同润滑介质下GCr15/45#钢摩擦磨损特性的研究

利用DELTALAB-NENEDS20型高精度液压式微动试验机在干摩擦、水润滑和油润滑等条件下，对GCr15／45#钢进行了微动磨损实验，研究了润滑条件对GCr15／45#钢对摩时的摩擦学性能的影响，并利用激光共焦显微镜对45#钢的磨损表面进行了观察和分析。结果表明润滑介质可以降低摩擦副摩擦因数和45#钢的磨损量；材料的磨损机制也随着润滑条件的不同发生了相应的变化。     

粘结固体润滑涂层在油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能

为了探讨粘结MoS2基固体润滑涂层在油润滑条件下的抗磨减摩性能,采用MHK-500型摩擦磨损试验机对粘结MoS2基固体润滑涂层在4种常用油(液体石蜡、RP-3煤油、4050滑油和CD-40柴油)润滑下的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,考察了速度和载荷对润滑涂层在4种不同的常用油润滑下的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,在低载荷(320N)试验条件下,4种常用油润滑下涂层的耐磨性比干摩擦下得到显著的提高,摩擦因数从0.12降低到0.08左右;但在高载荷(1100N)下,油润滑对涂层的摩擦磨损性能没有明显的改善。只有在合适的载荷下,固/油复合润滑技术可明显改善摩擦副的润滑性能。     

润滑条件对纳米SiO2填充尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

利用MM-200磨损实验机在干摩擦、水润滑和油润滑等条件下，研究了润滑条件对含量为10％的纳米SiO2填充尼龙1010复合材料与45^#钢对磨时的摩擦学性能的影响，并利用扫描电子显微镜对纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的磨损表面和磨损机理进行了观察和分析。结果表明水润滑时，纳米SiO2-PA1010复合材料的摩擦因数比在干摩擦时有一定程度的降低，但磨损量却比干摩擦时增加了很多；而在油润滑时，摩擦因数和磨损量均比干摩擦和水润滑时降低了许多；复合材料的磨损机制也随着润滑条件的不同发生了相应的变化。     

Friction and Wear Behaviors of Several Polymers Sliding Against GCr15 and 316 Steel Under the Lubrication of Sea Water

Ocean tribology, a new research field of tribology, is currently being established and developed. The tribological behaviors of polyether ether ketone (PEEK), poly(phenyl p-hydroxybenzoate) (PHBA), polyimide (PI), and perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) sliding against GCr15 and 316 steel rings under the lubrication of sea water were studied and compared with that under the lubrication of pure water. The results show that the friction and wear behaviors of a polymer under the lubrication of aqueous medium are not only related to the properties of polymer itself, but also to the corrosive effect and lubricating effect of the medium. When a polymer slid against GCr15 steel under sea water lubrication, the friction coefficient and wear rate of polymer were much larger than that under pure water lubrication because of indirect corrosive wear. However, when sliding against corrosion-resistant 316 steel, polymers PEEK, FEP, and PI exhibited lower coefficients of friction and wear rates under sea water lubrication, this was attributed to better lubricating effect of sea water as a result of the deposition of CaCO₃ and Mg(OH)₂ on the counterface. On the contrary, the friction coefficient and wear rate of PHBA sliding against 316 steel under sea water lubrication were larger than that under pure water lubrication, which may be related to the properties of PHBA itself.     

Tribological Performance of CuPb Alloy under Seawater Lubrication

In this article, the tribological behaviors of Cu–30wt% Pb (denoted as CuPb) alloy sliding against aluminum bronze ZCuAl9Mn2 lubricated by seawater were investigated. It was found that the friction coefficients decrease with increasing load and sliding speed, and the wear rates increase slightly with applied load but decrease with sliding speed. The low friction coefficient and wear rate can be attributed to the seawater as a lubrication medium, which has lubricating, cooling, and corrosive effects on the sliding couple.     

干摩擦工况下Si3N4/PTFE配副材料摩擦磨损特性与转移膜形成分析

为使全陶瓷轴承在干摩擦工况下可靠运转,选用四氟乙烯(PTFE)材质的保持架为全陶瓷轴承提供润滑.利用Rtec销/盘摩擦磨损试验机,以PTFE盘与氮化硅(Si3 N4)销为摩擦副,研究Si3 N4/PTFE在不同载荷和转速条件下的摩擦磨损性能,通过SEM对Si3 N4表面的转移膜形貌进行观察,分析转移膜形成原因.结果表明...     

Effects of lubricants on friction and wear of Ti(CN)/1045 steel sliding pairs

The friction and wear properties of Ti(CN)/1045 steel rubbing pairs were investigated under dry and lubricated conditions by using a pin-on-disk tribometer. The selected speed range was 0.8 to 3.2 m/s and the load range was 58.8 to 235.2 N. Distilled water and a mineral oil (no additives) were used for lubrication, respectively. The wear of Ti(CN) ceramic under dry conditions was caused mainly by adhesion between the rubbing surfaces and the microfracture of Ti(CN). With the load and speed increasing, the adhesion and diffusion between rubbing surfaces increased and resulted in wear increasement of Ti(CN). Because of the brittleness of ceramics, the microfracture wear of Ti(CN) increased rapidly when the load was raised to some high values. The lubricating and cooling effects of the lubricants could improve the frict on and wear. Compared with water, oil was much better in improving the tribological properties. The analysis results obtained from XPS and AES examinations showed that ferrous oxide was produced on the wear scars, which could reduce the adhesion between the rubbing surfaces to some extent. The lubricating effects of the oil under boundary lubrication conditions were attributed to the formation of carbon films on the rubbing surfaces.