串联锂电池组无损均衡管理方案设计与实现

针对串联锂电池组充放电过程中的多电池均衡问题,设计一种实现锂电池组能量无损均衡智能快速充放电的新方案。论述充放电管理方法的总体思路,介绍无损均衡电路及电压、电流、温度的采样,给出充放电控制电路及MOSFET驱动电路等模块的设计。实验结果表明,该方案能够更快速有效地实现串联锂电池组的充放电能量无损均衡。     

矿用单轨吊磷酸铁锂电池组复合式分层均衡电路

在矿用单轨吊磷酸铁锂电池组连续的充放电循环中,各单体电池不一致性会导致电池组整体性能衰减、使用寿命缩短,传统电池组均衡方式均衡时间长、控制策略复杂。针对上述问题,在Buck-Boost均衡电路和飞渡电容均衡电路的基础上,提出了一种复合式分层均衡电路。底层和中间层Buck-Boost均衡电路按照二叉树结构构建,顶层飞渡电容均衡电路实现3个相邻电池组之间任意2个电池组的能量传递,使电池不仅能够在层内进行能量传递以实现相邻电池间均衡,还可在层间进行能量传递以实现非相邻电池间均衡。仿真结果表明,复合式分层均衡电路大大缩短了均衡时间,显著提高了电池电压一致性。     

一种锂电池组核电状态主动均衡系统

针对变压器电池均衡系统体积大、磁化损耗高,电感主动均衡系统在不相邻电池间均衡速度低的问题,开发了一种以单体电池的核电状态作为均衡参数的基于变压器和电感相结合的复层锂电池主动均衡系统。开发了MCU主控系统、第一层和第二层主动均衡系统。MCU主控系统通过SPI和I2C通信从第一层和第二层主动均衡系统采集模块中获取各单体电池...     

电动汽车锂电池组主动均衡的研究

目前,锂电池组已广泛应用于电动汽车领域,为了延长锂电池组的使用寿命及确保其安全性,需要设计简单有效的均衡方法来减小单体电池间的不一致性,从而保障电动汽车的性能和安全。针对被动均衡方式效率低、发热大、耗电多的不足,研究了锂电池组主动均衡控制方法,该方法采用了双向多变压器均衡电路,由MOS管进行开关控制,实现电池模块中任意单体的双向均衡。并对该均衡方案在LTspice IV上进行了仿真实验验证,结果表明该均衡方案均衡效果良好,达到了设计要求。     

一种副边切换的电池组均衡系统研究

提出了一套低成本的锂电池管理系统,使用BQ76940完成对电池组信息的采样,使用反激式填谷均衡电路实现电池均衡,通过使用副边切换方案,减少了成本,使用光MOS解决高电位MOSFET的控制问题。通过使用集成芯片,采样准确性和稳定性得到了保证,系统设计均衡电流可达2A,27分钟可将电池组的极差从488m V均衡至87m V。     

基于TL431的锂电池均衡电路的研究

在实际应用中,由于锂电池单体之间的差异性,经一段时间的充放电后发现各单体电池上、下限电压出现参差不齐的现象,严重影响到系统的性能。针对这种情况提出了上均衡和下均衡的概念,然后对锂电池的上、下均衡电路进行了深入研究。实验结果证明,几种锂电池均衡电路设计的正确性,为研究高性能混合动力系统奠定了坚实的基础。     

鱼类驯化装置电池组管理系统研究

能源供应系统是鱼类驯化装置运行的动力来源,需要适量的能源供给使得驯化装置在无人值守的情况下连续工作数天,因此,本研究采用蓄电池结合太阳能自主供电,以确保饵料供给系统、控制系统等设备的能源供应。本系统使用电池管理系统Battery Management System(BMS),通过SH367309从属模块实现对电池组的电压、电流等信息采集,通过主控芯片的控制开通或关闭均衡电路和充放电电路。从属芯片硬件电路的设计主要包括以下几点：取电电路、采集电路、均衡电路等。对电池管理系统的数据采集和均衡管理功能进行实验验证,结果表明所设计的电池管理系统达到了能源供应需求。     

基于SOC主动均衡和健康诊断的电动自行车锂电池智能保护器

电池均衡管理作为电池管理系统的核心之一,在解决电池组不均衡问题,使电池组中各单体电池的性能基本一致、最大化电池组的容量,通过主动均衡算法和DC-DC均衡方式,提高电池包内部各单体电池储电状况一致性,实现锂电池充放电过程的均衡,防止过充过放;建立健康状况诊断模型,结合单体电池多次充放电记录,实现对电池状况的诊断,实验结果表明,该保护器在解决电池组不均衡方面达到了预期的效果。     

锂电池组能量均衡的模糊-PI控制研究

在串联锂电池组能量均衡控制算法的基础上,提出一种新的能实现锂电池组能量均衡的控制方案。介绍模糊-PI复合控制器,包括控制器输入输出、规则库和PI参数的设计,结合模糊控制不依赖数学模型及其快速响应性、PI控制无静差的优点,改进电池模糊控制均衡的效率和精度。实验结果表明,该方案能改善模糊控制在电池充放电能量均衡过程中控制精度较差的问题,实现较为高效的均衡。     

AGV车用锂离子电池组均衡系统设计

针对AGV车用电池运行环境恶劣,容易导致电池不一致的问题,提出了一种单端反激式变换器和DC/DC恒流恒压均衡充电方案,详细介绍了均衡电路的设计和均衡策略的实现。实验结果表明,该均衡电路可实现最大10 A的恒流恒压充电,均衡电路能量转换效率达到85%以上。可在最大充电电流300 A和放电电流150 A条件下较快的实现电池组不一致的调节,满足AGV车用动力电池组频繁大电流充放电的均衡需要。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.