玫瑰茄资源的开发利用

综述了玫瑰茄的植物学特性、营养成分、保健功能以及玫瑰茄资源综合开发利用,同时也指出玫瑰茄资源开发具有广阔的前景。     

玫瑰茄籽油研究进展

玫瑰茄籽为玫瑰茄花萼加工过程产生的副产物,长期以来被当作废弃物进行处理,造成资源极大浪费,从玫瑰茄籽中提取玫瑰茄籽油被证明是可行的途径。玫瑰茄籽油富含油酸和亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸,是一种重要的潜在食用植物油来源。国内关于玫瑰茄籽油研究利用报道较少,对于玫瑰茄籽油生物活性及毒理性方面研究更是未见报道,极大限制了玫瑰茄及玫瑰茄籽油的进一步研究和开发利用。因此,对国内外关于玫瑰茄籽油的提取工艺、化学成分、理化性质、生物活性及毒理性等方面的研究进行综述,为玫瑰茄籽油研究与应用开发提供参考。     

天然玫瑰茄红色素研究进展

天然食品色素是最近20多年来受到广泛关注一类食品添加剂,玫瑰茄红色素是从玫瑰茄花萼中提取花色苷类色素,是一种安全、无毒天然食用色素,具有抗氧化、保肝、降血脂、降血压等重要生物活性。目前,玫瑰茄红色素提取方法主要有:盐酸―乙醇提取法、微波辅助法、膜技术提取法等,并应用大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺进行精制。玫瑰茄红色素包括矢车菊素–3–葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素–3–葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素–3–接骨木二糖苷和飞燕草素–3–接骨木二糖苷四种花色苷,主要着色成分为后两者。我国已批准玫瑰茄红色素可作为食品添加剂使用[GB/T12493–1990(08.125)]。该文综述玫瑰茄红色素提取方法、纯化工艺、化学结构、理化性质和生物活性等,对该红色素综合开发具有一定参考价值。     

玫瑰茄花萼营养和药理作用研究进展

对玫瑰茄花萼化学成分和药理作用进行了综述。玫瑰茄花萼含有花青素、多酚、原儿茶酸和类黄酮类物质，具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保护心血管、护肝、降血压、通便和利尿等药理作用。     

玫瑰茄红色素研究进展

玫瑰茄红色素是一类天然的花色苷类色素,具有抗氧化、降血压、抑菌和抗肿瘤等重要生物活性,常被作为食品添加剂.目前溶剂提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声波辅助提取法等是玫瑰茄红色素的主要提取方法,进一步利用膜分离法、大孔树脂分离法和高速逆流色谱法等技术纯化色素.通过微胶囊化、添加稳定剂、花色苷结构修饰等提高玫瑰茄红色素的稳定性....     

玫瑰茄红色素的纯化及其结构鉴定

通过实验比较XDA-7、AB-8、D101、DA-201、X-5五种树脂对玫瑰茄红色素的纯化效果,实验表明XDA-7树脂对玫瑰茄红色素的吸附选择性最佳、纯化效果最好。通过单因素试验和正交试验,优化XDA-7树脂纯化玫瑰茄红色素的工艺条件,并且通过红外对玫瑰茄红色素的结构进行初步鉴定。结果表明:XDA-7树脂纯化玫瑰茄红色素的适宜吸附工艺条件为,上样浓度2 mg/mL、上样流速1.75 mL/min、pH值2.76;解吸工艺条件为,洗脱剂用量60 mL、乙醇体积分数75%、洗脱剂pH值3.5、洗脱流速1.5 mL/min。纯化后,玫瑰茄红色素的色价为52.6,是未纯化的玫瑰茄红色素的7倍左右,初步推断玫瑰茄红色素为矢车菊-葡萄糖苷类或者飞燕草-葡萄糖苷类色素。     

壳聚糖澄清玫瑰茄提取液工艺的研究

研究了壳聚糖对玫瑰茄提取液的澄清方法，确定了玫瑰茄提取液的澄清方式为：壳聚糖添加量0．125g/L，常温澄清4h，离心机高速离心，再经过硅藻土过滤、最后经过qb0．45μm微滤，可得到k为77、6％，混浊度0、12NTU的玫瑰茄提取液。     

玫瑰茄的开发和利用

综述了玫瑰茄的营养价值、药用价值和保健功能以及玫瑰茄资源的综合利用和开发，简述了发展玫瑰茄具有重要的经济意义，同时也指出了玫瑰茄深加工研究需要加强。     

食用玫瑰茄红色素的稳定性研究

以玫瑰茄为原料,采用乙醇提取法,同时对玫瑰茄天然红色素的稳定性进行了较为系统的研究,试验表明:色素对光、热、氧化剂的稳定性差;色素对金属离子Na+,Mg2+表现出较好的稳定性;食用酸的存在使色素稳定性增强.     

食用玫瑰茄红色素的稳定性研究

研究了玫瑰茄红色素在不同pH值、温度及光照条件下的稳定性,及金属离子和食品添加剂对玫瑰茄红色素稳定性的影响,并对该色素的氧化还原特性进行了探讨。结果表明玫瑰茄红色素在pH2.98～3.46最稳定,耐酸性强,耐碱性差,耐氧化性和耐还原性都差。Na     

玫瑰茄花色苷的纯化及其热降解稳定性

本实验以玫瑰茄花色苷为原料,研究了花色苷纯化的条件,以及添加不同稳定剂下花色苷溶液的热降解稳定性。结果表明:纯化花色苷的优化条件为上样浓度为600 mg/L,平衡3 h,上样体积为183 mL;洗脱剂为60%乙醇,洗脱流速为1 mL/min。纯化后的玫瑰茄花色苷冻干粉末,其色价为43.10±2.17,回收率为83.62%±5.72%,花色苷含量为216.50±1.83mg/g。添加1.0%海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素(Carboxymethylcellulose,CMC)和β-环糊精的三组玫瑰茄花色苷溶液在80、90和100℃三个温度下的降解均符合一级动力学方程,降解速率常数均随着温度的升高而增大,半衰期随着温度的升高而减小。β-环糊精具有很好的延缓花色苷降解的潜力,随着β-环糊精浓度的增加,花色苷的降解速率越来越小。80℃下加热150 min后,花色苷溶液中a*值减小,b*值增加,β-环糊精的浓度增加有利于维持花色苷的红度,其中1.5%β-环糊精组的护色效果最佳。     

大孔树脂吸附法提取玫瑰茄红色素

对使用大孔树脂吸附提取玫瑰茄红色素的条件和方法进行研究。通过7 种树脂对玫瑰茄红色素的吸附及不同洗脱剂的解吸比较表明：HPD-100 树脂对该色素有较好的吸附性能,用90% 的乙醇洗脱,使用20 次后其吸附性能无明显减弱,可循环使用。     

Consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. aqueous extract and its impact on systemic antioxidant potential in healthy subjects

BACKGROUND: To evaluate health benefits attributed to Hibiscus sabdariffa L. a randomized, open‐label, two‐way crossover study was undertaken to compare the impact of an aqueous H. sabdariffa L. extract (HSE) on the systemic antioxidant potential (AOP; assayed by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)) with a reference treatment (water) in eight healthy volunteers. The biokinetic variables were the areas under the curve (AUC) of plasma FRAP, ascorbic acid and urate that are above the pre‐dose concentration, and the amounts excreted into urine within 24 h (Ae_0–24) of antioxidants as assayed by FRAP, ascorbic acid, uric acid, malondialdehyde (biomarker for oxidative stress), and hippuric acid (metabolite and potential biomarker for total polyphenol intake). RESULTS: HSE caused significantly higher plasma AUC of FRAP, an increase in Ae_0–24 of FRAP, ascorbic acid and hippuric acid, whereas malondialdehyde excretion was reduced. Furthermore, the main hibiscus anthocyanins as well as one glucuronide conjugate could be quantified in the volunteers' urine (0.02% of the administered dose). CONCLUSION: The aqueous HSE investigated in this study enhanced the systemic AOP and reduced the oxidative stress in humans. Furthermore, the increased urinary hippuric acid excretion after HSE consumption indicates a high biotransformation of the ingested HSE polyphenols, most likely caused by the colonic microbiota. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

玫瑰茄水提物抗贫血作用的研究

初步探究玫瑰茄水提物的抗贫血作用机制。建立IDA大鼠模型,随机分成4组,对IDA大鼠灌胃低、中、高剂量的玫瑰茄水提物。30d后,解剖大鼠,取十二指肠和肝脏。利用Q-PCR和Westernblot技术分别检测试验大鼠十二指肠中二价金属转运体(DMT-1)、膜铁转运蛋白(FPN-1)、膜铁转运辅助蛋白(Hp)及其mRNA的表达量,肝脏铁调素(Hepcidin)及其mRNA的表达水平。结果表明,与低铁对照组比较,玫瑰茄水提物低、中剂量组对DMT-1、FPN-1、Hp表达量的下调幅度不超过9%,mRNA的表达水平则超过50%,低、中剂量均对Hp mRNA无显著性差异;高剂量组对DMT-1、FPN-1、Hp及其mRNA表达量的下调程度不一。低剂量组Hepcidin-25的表达量是低铁对照组的1.61倍;高剂量组的表达量则下调了65.79%;各剂量组均抑制了相关mRNA的表达。因此,玫瑰茄水提物通过提供有效成分促进机体铁的吸收,从而影响IDA大鼠的DMT-1、FPN-1、Hp、Hepcidin-25及其mRNA的表达,维持机体铁稳态。     

膜分离技术集成在玫瑰茄色素加工中的应用

通过超滤和反渗透技术集成,在常温条件下实现对玫瑰茄色素的提纯和浓缩,以实现对色素这一热敏性物质起到较好的保护作用,提高色素的品质。采用切割相对分子质量50000的聚砜超滤膜对玫瑰茄浸提液中的果胶进行分离,操作压力0.3MPa、操作温度30℃、料液流速1.375m/s、加料液1/4的水量洗滤后,色素和果胶分离率分别大于96%和90%;采用HR95PP聚酰胺反渗透膜将玫瑰茄超滤透过液浓缩至20°Bx,操作压力4.5MPa、温度30℃。     

Release kinetics of antioxidant compounds from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. encapsulated in gelatin beads and coated with sodium alginate

Gelatin beads containing a concentrated extract of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx rich in polyphenolic compounds were coated with sodium alginate and ionotropically gelled using CaCl₂. Single‐coated beads and double‐coated beads were obtained by this technique, and the release pattern of the loaded extract was evaluated. As a result, release pattern of these compounds fits properly to a first–order Weibull distribution equation. The release rate constant decreased linearly with the number of alginate coats and with the increase in immersion time in CaCl₂ and the Lag period increased significantly with the number of alginate coats. The release of H. sabdariffa's polyphenols can be well controlled manipulating the number of alginate coats and the immersion time in a CaCl₂ solution, allowing not only to control the gastrointestinal segment where they could be released but also to control the release rate with the certainty that the initial concentration will be completely released showing a highly significant antioxidant activity as well.     

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extracts inhibit the mutagenicity in microsuspension assay and the proliferation of HeLa cells

ABSTRACT:  Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is used as a refreshing beverage and as a traditional medicine. The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of phenolic compounds present in aqueous, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts of H. sabdariffa against mutagenicity of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), and also the antiproliferative effect of these extracts. Inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA fragmentation were tested on transformed human HeLa cells. The hot aqueous extract (HAE) contained 22.27 ± 2.52 mg of protocatechuic acid (PCA) per gram of lyophilized dried extract, and was not statistically different from the cold aqueous or chloroform extracts; the ethyl acetate extract produced the least amount of PCA. The H. sabdariffa extracts inhibited mutagenicity of 1-NP in a dose-response manner. The inhibition rate on HeLa cells of HAE was also dose-dependent. The HAE did not induce DNA fragmentation. The results suggest that H. sabdariffa L. extracts have antimutagenic activity against 1-NP and decrease the proliferation of HeLa cells, probably due to phenolic acid composition.