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牛乳过敏是一类严重的公共营养卫生问题6为了减少牛乳过敏症的发生率,寻求有效的预防和治疗方法,作者从乳酸菌产蛋白酶水解破坏牛乳过敏原表位和乳酸菌发酵调节免疫系统平衡两方面来阐述乳酸菌的抗过敏机制,并介绍了乳酸菌在预防和治疗过敏性疾病中的潜能及应用前景. 相似文献
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食物过敏现已成为食品安全事件中尤为突出的问题。为了解决食物过敏病症给人类带来的困扰,综述了引起过敏的食品来源,识别食物致敏蛋白现状,食品变应原的致敏机理以及利用物理化学方法、酶法、生物技术方法脱除过敏蛋白的技术进展。从而根据上述理论对开发低过敏以及抗过敏食品作出指导,并且规范食品过敏原检测技术。 相似文献
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Allergic diseases are reported to be caused by a skew in the balance between T helper type 1 and 2 cells. Because some lactic acid bacteria have been shown to stimulate IL-12 (p70) production, which in turn shifts the balance between the T helper type 1 and 2 cell response from the latter to the former, they have the potential to either prevent or ameliorate disease conditions or both. They have therefore been extensively studied in the recent past for their probiotic activities. Nevertheless, much less information is available concerning the microbial factors that determine the strain-dependent ability to affect the production of cytokines. The objectives of our study were first to select potentially probiotic lactobacilli that strongly stimulate cytokine production in vitro, and then to determine whether the selected Lactobacillus strains could suppress antigen-specific IgE production in vivo by using allergic model animals. Finally, our investigation was extended to analyze which bacterial components were responsible for the observed biological activity. Twenty strains of heat-killed lactobacilli isolated from humans were screened for their stimulatory activity for the production of IL-12 (p70) by murine splenocytes in vitro. The results showed that some strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus gasseri had a higher stimulatory activity for IL-12 (p70) production than the other lactobacilli tested; however, this effect was strain dependent rather than species dependent. Oral administration of the heat-killed strains that showed higher stimulatory activity for IL-12 (p70) production tended to reduce the serum antigen-specific IgE levels in ovalbumin-sensitized BALB/c mice compared with the controls. Among the lactobacilli tested, L. gasseri OLL2809 showed the highest activity in reducing the level of antigen-specific IgE. Furthermore, the stimulatory activity for IL-12 (p70) production was found to be reduced after treating the lactobacilli with N-acetyl-muramidase and to be positively correlated with the amount of peptidoglycan in the cells. The present data suggest that L. gasseri OLL2809 is a good candidate for potential probiotics in terms of either the prevention or amelioration of allergic diseases or both. In addition, the strain-dependent stimulatory activity for IL-12 (p70) production was found to be due, at least in part, to the amount of peptidoglycan present in the cells. 相似文献
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母乳涵盖了婴儿成长所需的全部营养,为保证婴儿健康、快速生长,母乳喂养是最好的方式。传统培养技术和现代分子生物学技术已证明母乳是乳酸菌的天然来源,乳酸菌从母体肠道传递给乳腺的过程中免疫系统起到至关重要的作用。目前从健康母体的母乳中经常能够分离得到的乳酸菌有链球菌属(Streptococcus)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、明串珠菌属(Leuconostoc)和片球菌属(Pediococcus)等。很多研究都已证明母乳中的乳酸菌具有特殊的功能如抑制病原微生物生长、免疫调节、调节肠道健康、抗HIV及治疗乳腺炎等。本文就母乳中乳酸菌的来源、母婴间乳酸菌的传递方式、母乳源乳酸菌的种类和功能特性等进行综述,以期为母乳源乳酸菌的开发和应用提供参考。 相似文献
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时丽霞 《食品安全质量检测学报》2021,12(12):4959-4963
随着婴幼儿食物过敏的发病率逐年上升,食物过敏逐渐成为了全球性公共卫生问题.大量研究表明,人体内肠道菌群与食物过敏有着密切的关系,在受到外界因素的干扰后,肠道菌群多样性和数量发生改变,进而可能引发机体对某些正常抗原的免疫耐受度降低,导致过敏反应.本文介绍了食物过敏婴幼儿和健康婴幼儿肠道菌群的差别,对肠道菌群影响肠道细胞功... 相似文献
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乳酸菌作为益生菌中的一个类群,被广泛应用于食品、医药以及化妆品行业。硒,作为人体必需的微量元素之一,在人体新陈代谢及免疫调节方面起到至关重要的作用。近年来,富硒乳酸菌因为其突出的抗氧化性、抗炎症、抗癌活性以及可以将无机硒转化成有利于人体吸收的有机硒而备受关注。然而,乳酸菌对于硒的代谢途径还有待进一步深入研究;同时,对于富硒益生菌及其发酵食品的毒性及副作用也需要更为全面的测试与评估。本文从硒元素的价态、硒对于乳酸菌生长的影响、乳酸菌对硒的有机转化、富硒乳酸菌的生物活性以及富硒功能食品这五个方面对其进行综述。 相似文献
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对一株已经证实具有耐酸、耐胆汁的乳杆菌R8菌株进行培养基的优化研究,以菌体密度为检测指标,采用单因素实验和正交设计实验优化发酵培养基组分,为该益生菌应用于改善胃肠道的健康食品奠定基础。结果显示,该菌最佳发酵配方为:葡萄糖20.0 g,酵母粉30.0 g,MnSO4·4H2O 0.075 g,MgSO4·7H2O 2.0 g,KH2PO4 2.5 g,柠檬酸铵2.5 g,CH3COONa·3H2O 6.25 g,Tween80 1.0 mL,pH6.2。培养基配方经过系统筛选和优化后,菌体浓度(OD600 nm)达到2.38。 相似文献
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鸡蛋是人们日常饮食中的高营养物质,但也是国际公认的八大过敏食物之一。鸡蛋过敏占儿童食物过敏的35%,占成人食物过敏的12%。鸡蛋过敏的主要症状包括过敏性皮炎、荨麻疹、胃肠道紊乱、腹痛等,其致敏性严重影响了鸡蛋过敏患者的健康及鸡蛋加工品的普及性。近年来国内外学者对如何降低鸡蛋蛋白的致敏性开展了大量的研究,所采用的方法有单一加工方法和联合加工方法。降低鸡蛋蛋白致敏性的单一加工方法主要有加热、辐照、糖基化、高压、酶解等;联合加工方法是几种单一方法按一定加工顺序的复合处理。文章综述了不同加工方法对鸡蛋蛋白致敏性的影响,并分析了目前降低鸡蛋致敏性的加工方法中存在的问题,为后续开发降低鸡蛋致敏性的加工方法提供了思路。 相似文献
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硒是人体必需的微量元素之一,在提高免疫力、抗氧化、抗癌等方面都有优良的功效,但无机硒存在一定的毒性,因此无法成 为理想的硒源。微生物具有富集微量元素的功能,能将无机硒转化为低毒性的有机硒,而一些益生菌本身也具有提高免疫力、抗氧化 等生物活性,并且富硒之后其抗氧化性、抗菌活性和抗癌活性等均显著提高,因此富硒益生菌应用前景广阔。该文主要从益生菌对硒 的富集与转化机制,富硒益生菌的生理活性以及富硒益生菌发酵食品方面的研究进展进行综述,为富硒益生菌的开发与富硒发酵食 品的生产应用提供理论支撑。 相似文献