共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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糖尿病是遗传因素与环境因素长期作用而导致的一种全身性的慢性非传染性疾病,是胰岛素分泌绝对不足或相对不足而引起的以持续高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病,不合理的饮食和不科学生活方式是糖尿病主要诱因。在对抗糖尿病的治疗中,饮食治疗是最基本的治疗手段。根据糖尿病的特点及症状,利用食物交换份法为患者制定科学合理的营养食谱,为糖尿病患者提供饮食指导。 相似文献
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肾脏疾病特别是慢性肾病(Chronic Kidney Disease,CKD)已成为威胁全球的公共卫生健康问题,不仅严重危害到人类健康,也带来巨大的经济和社会负担。医学营养治疗(Medical Nutritiontherapy,MNT)可延缓CKD向终末期肾病(End-Stage Renal Disease,ESRD)的进展,MNT在CKD治疗过程中具有非常重要的作用。其中,口服营养补充剂(Oral Nutritional Supplement,ONS)具有安全有效且患者依从性高等优点。当肾病患者面临经口营养摄入不足的情况,ONS是其首选人工营养方式。ONS的研发应以医学和营养学的研究结果为依据,其安全性及临床应用均需要经过科学证实。权威机构发布的指南、专家共识是ONS产品配方设计的重要依据,因此有必要对比分析中外指南和专家共识对于不同阶段肾病患者的营养素推荐,为肾病特定营养产品开发提供借鉴,推动营养相关慢性病的防治。 相似文献
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《Food quality and preference》2013,27(2):166-177
Nutrition knowledge is a prerequisite for processing nutrition-related information when making food choices. Insight into determinants of nutrition knowledge is important both for designing measures aimed at increasing levels of nutrition knowledge and for food industry attempting to position food products based on their nutritional properties. Shoppers recruited in the UK, Sweden, France, Germany, Poland and Hungary (total n = 5967) filled out a questionnaire measuring their nutrition knowledge with regard to dietary recommendations, sources of nutrients, and calorie content of food and drink products. Differences in the level of knowledge found were related to country, socio-demographic characteristics, attitude to healthy eating, and use of different sources of nutrition knowledge. Results showed that nutrition knowledge is multi-dimensional, with especially knowledge on calorie content being unrelated to the rest. Attitude to healthy eating and use of different information sources were weakly but significantly related to level of nutrition knowledge. Direct effects of socio-demographic characteristics were stronger, and inter-country differences were pronounced, with highest scores for the UK, suggesting that the history of health policies and nutrition-related initiatives taken by retailers and manufacturers, together with cultural differences, are a major factor affecting how people acquire knowledge about food and health. 相似文献
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佳木斯大学学生营养知识、态度、行为调查 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
目的:了解佳木斯大学学生营养知识、态度及饮食行为的现状,为开展营养教育及合理膳食提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法,随机抽取657名在校大学生,以问卷的方式调查他们的营养知识、态度和饮食行为。结果:大学生的营养知识、态度及饮食行为平均得分为10.48、13.58、11.00;医学类学生营养知识得分较高,显著高于文史类学生,营养态度各类学生均较好,但饮食行为均存在一定问题。大多数学生希望获得更多的营养知识、改变其不合理的饮食行为。结论:针对佳木斯大学学生营养现状,需要从多方面开展营养知识宣传、教育,达到均衡营养、合理膳食,以促进身体健康。 相似文献
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保健品食品化的科学理念 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中医通过食品来调节生理状况,其健体延年的食疗方法,以历史悠久、内涵丰富、实用可靠而备受青睐。中医“药食同源”的理念在大豆上体现得最为集中。美国食品和药品管理局(FDA)将大豆列为“已确立功能的功能性食品”,充分说明了“寓医于食”理论的科学性。随着现代医学模式的转换,对疾病本质的认识不断加深,医学界注意到许多慢性退行性疾病可以通过饮食调理达到预防、治疗的目的。国际社会公认膳食营养因素的干预可以有效预防慢性非传染性疾病。2001年,WHO/FAO提出通过多消费蔬菜、水果和低热量的食物纠正高血压的DASH(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension)计划。研究结果表明含有丰富蔬菜、水果的低热量食谱可以有效防治高血压病。21世纪现代营养学也提出了“功能食品”的概念,因此立足于两个文明结合的高度,提倡“保健品食品化”的科学理念,引导全民族科学、合理地进行食物消费,对提高全民健康素质具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为了解城市青少年在健康饮食与营养知识、传统饮食文化、食品安全等方面的认知程度,在中国人民解放军国防科技大学附属中学开展食育状况调查活动。以1 088名初高中学生为调查对象,从食物营养认知、正确饮食习惯培养与安全知识、传统饮食与礼仪的传承、食育知识认知及态度4个维度设计调查问卷,调查结果显示:城市中学生对食物营养知识、传统饮食文化与礼仪、正确饮食习惯的认知程度较高,并显示出对全社会食品安全状况与食育教育的较高关注度。大多数青少年能正确认知嗜好性食品存在的健康隐患,但在实际生活中不能有效克制。中学生对丰富多彩的食育教育活动参与意愿较强烈。建议加快食育教育进校园的进程。 相似文献
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The objective of the study was to investigate attitudes to food, nutrition and health among nationally-representative samples of adults from each member state of the European Union. Overall, 14 331 subjects completed the face-to-face interviewer-assisted questionnaire. A majority of EU subjects believe they do not need to alter their diets, as they perceive them to be already healthly enough. Price may play a significant role in the choice of food for some groups in the population. Furthermore, a lack of knowledge about nutrition is not a commonly cited barrier to healthy eating. Among EU subjects there is general agreement about the sources of information on healthy eating which they use and trust, health professionals are the most trusted source across all member states. The problem facing healthy eating promoters in the EU may not, therefore, be a lack of knowledge, but rather how nutritional guidelines pertain to themselves. For nutrition education programmes to be effective, it is important that strategies be designed which take account of the cultural diversity, thereby reflecting the geographical variability of the EU population as well as being targeted or focused to specific sub-groups in the population. 相似文献
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目的了解和提高农村小学生营养知识水平,培养农村小学生健康的饮食习惯,为调整学生膳食结构、改善学生营养状况提供科学依据方法。方法抽取淮安市某乡镇共200名小学生进行调查,营养教育后,对教育效果进行评价。结果营养教育后,学生的营养知识水平明显提高,学生食物选择及消费趋于合理,学生挑食、偏食行为改善。早餐质量均有所改善。结论营养教育能提高农村小学生的营养知识水平,改善其营养行为。营养知识进入课堂是受小学生欢迎的教育形式。 相似文献