柱前衍生-高效液相色谱荧光法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中低聚半乳糖含量

建立了柱前衍生测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中低聚半乳糖的高效液相色谱法。样品经乙酸调节pH到4.5,使用淀粉葡萄糖苷酶和β-半乳糖苷酶酶解、2-氨基苯甲酰胺衍生。经色谱柱分离,荧光检测器检测。通过响应曲面设计优化衍生关键因素水平：衍生剂浓度、衍生温度与衍生时间。定量化合物3"-半乳糖基乳糖在10.0~100 mg/L范围内线性良好(R²为0.9993)。在低聚半乳糖添加水平为2.5、10.0、40.0 g/kg时,回收率在92.5~102.7%之间,RSD(n=6)在3.69~6.69%之间,方法检测限为0.8 g/kg,定量限为2.5 g/kg。本方法操作简单、回收率高和重现性好,可使用3"-半乳糖基乳糖对婴幼儿配方乳粉中的低聚半乳糖进行定量分析。     

IC指纹图谱测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中低聚半乳糖

建立指纹图谱法测定低聚半乳糖含量的方法,利用离子色谱构建低聚半乳糖指纹图谱,分析得到特征组分,测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中低聚半乳糖含量。结果表明:当称样量为1.0 g时,检出限为2.5 g/kg,定量限为5.0 g/kg,线性范围为4.0 g/kg~64.5 g/kg,回收率在94.0%~106.7%之间,相对标准偏差为1.2%~2.8%,表明指纹图谱法的准确度和精密度满足婴幼儿配方奶粉中低聚半乳糖含量测定的需要。     

半制备高效液相色谱-离子色谱法检测婴幼儿配方食品中低聚半乳糖的含量

优化并建立了半制备高效液相色谱法分离和收集、离子色谱法测定婴幼儿配方食品中低聚半乳糖的方法。本实验以乳粉、特殊医学配方奶粉和液态奶为实验对象,利用半制备高效液相色谱法分别收集婴幼儿配方食品中的二糖和三糖及聚合度(Degree of polymerization,DP)3以上的糖,再利用β-半乳糖苷酶水解收集到的聚合度3及3以上的糖组分,利用离子色谱法测定酶解后的半乳糖和葡萄糖的含量,通过计算得到样品中低聚半乳糖的含量。半制备高效液相色谱馏分固定相为Ag+色谱柱(200 mm×10 mm),流动相为100%超纯水,流速0.3 mL/min,进样量100 μL,柱温80℃;离子色谱条件固定相为Carbo Pac PA-1色谱柱(250 mm×4 mm),流动相为0.5 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液、0.5 mol/L的乙酸钠和超纯水梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,进样量25 μL。测定的异乳糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、1,6-β-D-半乳二糖和1,3(4)-β-D-半乳二糖线性范围在1.0～30.0 μg/mL,相关系数在0.9985～0.9999,回收率在82.80%～87.67%,相对标准偏差(Relative standard deviation,RSD)≤5%。该方法结果准确,能够满足检测要求,前处理操作简单,便于大批量样品的检测。     

UPLC-MS/MS测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中双酚A和壬基酚

建立一种测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中双酚A和壬基酚的超高效液相色谱串联质谱准确定性定量方法。向配方乳粉样品中加水溶解,乙腈提取,使用在线捕集技术消除流动相中的本底影响,以甲醇-0.1%氨水溶液作为流动相在C₁₈色谱柱上进行梯度洗脱,用超高效液相色谱仪进行分离后,通过电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应检测模式进行检测分析,内标法准确定量。结果表明:在1~2000 ng/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数大于0.999。本方法BPA和NP检出限均低至0.1 μg/kg,在不同婴幼儿配方乳粉中添加1、10、100 μg/kg三水平加标,测定结果平均回收率在89.5%~102.8%之间,相对标准偏差为1.3%~4.8%,该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度。对市售200份婴幼儿配方乳粉进行测定,检出BPA含量为0.1~30.0 μg/kg,检出NP含量为1.1~105 μg/kg,适合婴幼儿配方乳粉中双酚A和壬基酚的定量测定。     

液质联用法同时测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐残留

建立了婴幼儿配方乳粉中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐残留的高效液相色谱-串联四极杆质谱联用测定方法。样品经水超声溶解,乙腈除蛋白。以PC HILIC色谱柱分离,流动相为浓度50 mmol/L的乙酸铵水溶液和乙腈,流速0.25 mL/min。液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定,基质内标法定量。在该优化条件下,氯酸盐和高氯酸定量限分别为20μg/kg和2.0μg/kg,方法回收率为85.1%～94.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.38%～9.79%。经测定多种市售婴幼儿配方奶粉,表明该方法操作简单、测定结果准确,可用于婴幼儿配方奶粉中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐残留的同时快速测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中叶酸的含量

目的:建立了快速、灵敏地检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中叶酸含量的方法.方法:在配方乳粉中加入60%的高氯酸溶液去蛋白,取一定量的滤液经过舍有C18填料的固相萃取小柱进行除杂,再经过高锰酸钾衍生后利用反相高效液相色谱测定叶酸的含量.流动相选用pH5.0的浓度为0.1mol/L的磷酸二氢钠溶液,流动相流速为1.0mL/min,经BDS C18色谱柱进行分离(柱温为30℃).结果:方法在0.005～1.5μg/mL范围内线性良好,方法的回收率为91.7%-98.3%,RSD为2.5%.结论:应用本方法检测婴幼儿配方乳粉中的叶酸,具有操作简单、精密度高、重现性好、容易推广等优点.     

超高效液相色谱法直接测定糖浆中低聚半乳糖质量分布

目的建立一种超高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器联用测定糖浆中低聚半乳糖质量分布的方法。方法采用Agilent Poroshell 120 HILIC(3.0 mm×100 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离,以乙腈-水梯度洗脱。通过调节进入蒸发光散射检测器(evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD)的流动相流速以及组成来校正不同聚合度聚半乳糖的响应一致性。以葡萄糖、乳糖、麦芽三糖、麦芽四糖和麦芽五糖为校正溶液来建立校正方法,校正后以乳糖标准曲线来定量其他低聚半乳糖,最终完成了在没有低聚半乳糖标准品的情况下对低聚半乳糖糖浆质量分布的测定。结果样品中的乳糖与其他半乳二糖分离的同时不同聚合度的低聚半乳糖按聚合度增加分段出峰,互不干扰。乳糖在0.25~5 mg/mL范围内线性良好,log(峰面积)-log(浓度)的线性拟合曲线,相关系数r~2为0.996。以麦芽四糖和麦芽五糖来验证方法准确性,所得回收率分别为107%和110%。方法重现性良好,以2mg/mL乳糖为考察对象,连续6针进样保留时间RSD0.05%,峰面积RSD0.78%。结论该方法可快速、准确用于低聚半乳糖糖浆中不同聚合度半乳糖的质量分布。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定乳粉中维生素B_1、B_2

本实验建立了高效液相色谱法同时测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B_1、B_2的提取分析方法。试验将婴幼儿配方乳粉经酸和碱调pH值,过滤液经碱性铁氰化钾衍生,正丁醇提取,取正丁醇层用微孔滤膜(0.45μm)过滤。以水和甲醇为流动相,利用高效液相色谱分析,外标法定量。试验结果表明:维生素B_1、B_2分别在0.0~2.0μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数r≥0.999;回收率在84.0%~92.2%之间,RSD5%。与现行标准方法相比较,本方法前处理过程简单,流动相对色谱柱损坏小,测定结果准确度高,重现性好,可用于婴幼儿配方乳粉中维生素B_1、B_2含量测定的快速、批量分析。     

婴幼儿配方乳粉中黄曲霉B1质量分数测定的不确定度

根据GB 5009.22-2016食品中黄曲霉毒素B族和G族的测定方法,考察了高效液相色谱柱后衍生法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中黄曲霉B1主要的不确定度来源,计算测定过程中引入的各个不确定度分量,合成计算扩展不确定度。结果表明,在自制阳性样品中黄曲霉B1质量分数为1.90μg/kg,95%置信概率下,其扩展不确定度为0.22μg/kg(k=2)。其中测量重复性和标准曲线对不确定度的影响较大。因此,采用高效液相色谱柱后衍生法测定婴幼儿配方乳粉中的黄曲霉B1应严格控制实验条件,要保证实验具有良好的重复性和标准曲线有良好的线性。     

液相色谱双柱法和高效离子交换色谱法测定低聚半乳糖含量比较

目的:优化对比液相色谱双柱法和高效离子交换色谱法两种测定低聚半乳糖含量的方法,同时建立一种新的低聚半乳糖换算系数(K值)计算方法;方法:对现有上述两种测定低聚半乳糖含量的检测方法进行对比分析,筛选出分离效果更好的糖柱,并进一步优化色谱条件。结果:优化后的液相色谱双柱法对低聚半乳五糖到低聚半乳八糖的分离效果明显提升,提高了测定准确度,而高效离子交换色谱法操作更加简便;根据不同样品选用不同K值来计算低聚半乳糖含量的方式可进一步提升结果的精确性。结论:两种方法均可有效对低聚半乳糖含量进行检验分析,高效离子交换色谱法检测灵敏度较高,且已被AOAC等国际权威机构纳入标准检测方法,可作为低聚半乳糖含量测定的标准仲裁法;液相色谱双柱法测定低聚半乳糖更为简便快捷,经济适用,可用于生产企业日常产品检测。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press