Application of all-phase spectral analysis to self-mixing interferometry for displacement measurement

提出基于全相位谱分析的自混合干涉信号处理方法,用于减小激光自混合干涉位移测量的误差.首先,基于三镜法布里-珀罗腔模型介绍了自混合干涉系统的数学模型,分析了自混合干涉信号的产生机理和特性.然后,研究了弱反馈条件下自混合干涉位移测量方法,采用全相位谱分析算法进行相位测量,重构外部反射体位移曲线;讨论了信号处理算法原理并进行了算法仿真.最后,进行自混合干涉位移测量实验,并给出压电陶瓷位移测量实验结果.结果表明,全相位谱分析算法可将自混合干涉位移测量误差减小到4.4 nm;应用全相位谱分析算法分析自混合干涉信号,可在不增加外部光学元件的前提下将位移测量误差减小到纳米量级.     

全相位谱分析在自混合干涉位移测量中的应用

提出基于全相位谱分析的自混合干涉信号处理方法,用于减小激光自混合干涉位移测量的误差。首先,基于三镜法布里-珀罗腔模型介绍了自混合干涉系统的数学模型,分析了自混合干涉信号的产生机理和特性。然后,研究了弱反馈条件下自混合干涉位移测量方法,采用全相位谱分析算法进行相位测量,重构外部反射体位移曲线;讨论了信号处理算法原理并进行了算法仿真。最后,进行自混合干涉位移测量实验,并给出压电陶瓷位移测量实验结果。结果表明,全相位谱分析算法可将自混合干涉位移测量误差减小到4.4nm;应用全相位谱分析算法分析自混合干涉信号,可在不增加外部光学元件的前提下将位移测量误差减小到纳米量级。     

自混合干涉微位移传感器

有许多测量微位移的光干涉方法 ,然而难以实现结构紧凑、价格低的测量系统 ,因为这些传统干涉方法都需要许多光学元器件。提出用激光自混合干涉术测量微位移 ,分析和讨论了自混合干涉信号的产生和处理方法 ,用快速傅立叶变换(FFT)相位探测技术分析自混合干涉信号 ,可提高相位测量精度。提出的传感器可以用于亚微米级位移的测量和控制 ,并给出了 PZT位移的实验结果     

线性调频激光自混合干涉双通道微位移测量方法研究

为了满足工程中一些特殊二维位移测量需求或提高位移测量效率,建立了结构简单紧凑的激光自混合干涉双通道位移测量系统。首先,基于三镜法-珀腔模型给出自混合干涉系统的数学方程。其次,在弱反馈条件下施加线性电流调制,依据自混合信号频率和外部物体距离的线性关系,当两个物体到激光器距离不同时,频域会呈现两个独立的谱峰,分别对其进行相位解算,从而实现自混合双通道位移测量。然后,数值模拟生成了双通道激光自混合信号,根据全相位频谱分析技术对自混合信号两个谱峰的相位进行估算,重构了两个物体位移曲线,给出了仿真验证。最后,搭建了实验系统,进行了自混合干涉双通道位移测量实验,并给出实验测量结果。实验结果表明,该系统可以完全区分两个运动物体,位移测量相对误差优于8.42%。线性调频激光自混合干涉可以实现任意运动规律的双通道位移测量,通过继续分光其测量通道数仍可进一步增加。     

自混合干涉模型中的参数分析和实验研究

针对含有光反馈的半导体激光器,在外腔波动的条件下,研究了半导体激光器的自混合干涉系统模型中的重要参数,通过计算机仿真分析,讨论了线宽展宽因子和反馈水平因子两个参数的变化对光反馈自混合干涉信号波形的影响规律.同时给出了利用自混合干涉测量外腔物体位移的一种实验方法,并进行了相应的实验研究.该位移测量系统的分辨率可达无光反馈存在情况下激光器波长的一半.     

基于相位展开的自混合干涉位移重构方法研究

对于含有光反馈的半导体激光器,在外部物体作简谐振动的条件下,对自混合干涉信号的理论模型进行了理论分析和仿真验证,构建了基于自混合干涉效应的微位移测量系统。在分析理论模型的基础上,研究了自混合干涉功率信号的处理方法。基于相位展开的原理,提出了一种实时重构被测体微小位移的方法,在不考虑噪声和干扰的条件下,对于不同光反馈水平下的外腔反射体位移波形均具有很好的再现效果,最大重构误差为28 nm。实验结果和理论分析相吻合,验证了所提算法的有效性。     

基于混合积分算法的微小位移量测量方法研究

针对车载平台微小位移量的测量问题,提出了一种基于振动加速度测量的混合积分算法。根据加速度传感器采集信号造成的干扰,设计混合积分算法以减小现有二次积分算法的积分误差,从而控制趋势项误差。首先利用低频衰减积分算法对振动加速度信号进行一次积分得到振动速度信号,再利用多项式拟合积分算法对振动速度信号进行一次积分得到振动位移信号。设计振动台试验对混合积分算法进行验证,结果表明该算法对积分指标ERP和ERS都有所改善。     

基于 S-G 滤波与包络提取算法的半导体激光器自混合干涉微位移测量

针对在半导体激光器自混合干涉( SMI )微位移测量中,测量噪声对 SMI 信号条纹计数极易引入误差,提出一种基于 Savitzky Golay ( S-G )滤波与包络提取的 SMI 信号处理算法,对自混合信号处理并识别条纹后,干涉条纹能够得到准确地计数。该算法采用 S-G 卷积均值滤波处理、三次样条函数插值包络分析和信号归一化处理,可以有效消除噪声高频信号和提取信号包络。采用电压调制模式下驱动压电陶瓷( PZT )产生微振动作为模拟振动源,实验中设置 3 组不同电压调制幅值下的振动源,采集并分析 SMI 信号及相应振幅信息。在 3 组实验当中,经过算法处理过的 SMI 信号,其干涉条纹数与电压调制 PZT 振动幅值由处理前偏离线性关系到处理后保持线性关系。实验结果表明,经 S-G 滤波与包络提取算法处理过的 SMI 信号能真实反映微米量级的微位移。     

压电微动工作台的位移自感知控制

使用自感知方法测量压电微动工作台的位移,省去独立传感器,构成位移自感知控制系统.压电陶瓷执行器晶片上的自由电荷中包含执行器的位移信息,据此提出基于积分器的压电执行器位移自感知方法,并设计了获取执行器晶片上自由电荷的积分器电路.该方法使得自感知电路的调节和感知信号的获取变得容易,可克服电桥法自感知电路阻抗不易匹配的不足.将该位移自感知方法作为压电微动工作台控制系统的反馈方式,并为提高工作台的动静态性能,构造一种前馈补偿同反馈调节相结合的复合控制算法,实现了自感知复合控制.试验验证了自感知复合控制的有效性,并将该控制方法同其他控制方法--前馈控制、独立传感器常规PID反馈控制、独立传感器复合控制进行了对比试验研究,结果表明自感知复合控制具有独立传感器复合控制的良好性能.     

基于自标定算法的钢管截面轮廓测量方法研究

为实现螺旋钢管生产过程中钢管截面在线非接触测量 ,本文提出一种利用光学位移传感器对螺旋管截面尺寸形状在线检测的方法。在介绍了测量方法原理的基础上 ,开发了一套用于测量系统自标定的标定算法。通过系统标定实验和对 5 0mm钢管截面简单测量实验证明了自标定算法和截面测量算法可靠。为进一步建立完善的螺旋管在线测量系统奠定了理论和实验基础。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.