单片计算机在三维环形织机上的应用

使用 MCS 5 1系列单片机对三维环形织机进行自动控制 ,介绍了如何利用地址线扩充 16位并行输出口的简单方法 ,以及利用标准 RS 2 32串行口组建的环形通讯系统。该自动织造将对航空航天以及军事、压力容器等领域的应用具有重要意义。     

融合混合知识与MCTS的针灸排序方案设定方法

传统的序列决策方法旨在对决策过程与决策步骤进行建模, 以求解得到最优的决策序列. 然而, 序列决策建模过程对目标函数的确定性要求高, 且序列搜索的算法多以深度优先或广度优先等遍历搜索为主, 鲜有考虑搜索过程的随机性. 蒙特卡洛树搜索算法(Monte Carlo tree search, MCTS)虽然适合求解随机序列搜索问题, 但目前仅应用于博弈型搜索过程, 鲜有探讨需要专家参与的知识约束序列决策的搜索策略, 另外, 传统MCTS算法往往存在搜索范围过大、收敛不及时等问题. 为此, 提出一种融合群决策经验型知识和部分确定型决策序列片段的混合知识约束的MCTS 序列决策方法, 并给出了详细的求解流程. 最后, 将所提方法应用于一类中风后吞咽功能障碍针灸穴位排序方案制订问题, 给出了融合混合知识与MCTS的针灸排序方案设定方法, 并与其他方法进行对比, 验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性, 为年轻医师的针灸方案制订技能的标准化培训工作奠定了方法基础.     

Development of a μ-concentrator Using Dielectrophoretic Forces

We present the simulation, development and experimental validation of a μ-concentrator based on dielectrophoresis, DEP.In a first step dielectrophoretic force fields of various electrodes are computed and compared. The simulation results for various electrode dimensions may serve as a general design rule for DEP devices. Favorable electrode designs were realized in gold on glass substrates. The performance of the DEP chips is validated by concentration of E.-Coli bacteria, a separation efficiency of 99.93% was achieved. Furthermore, we outline how the combination of forced convection and DEP allows for bacteria separation at increased flow rates.     

基于云进化算法的3D NoC测试规划

针对三维片上网络(Three Dimensional Network-on-Chip,3DNoC)IP核的测试问题,采用云进化算法优化测试规划,完成3DNoC测试;该方法首先通过平分搜索范围的方式形成第一代种群,依据3DNoC结构特点建立功耗模型,在满足功耗约束的情况下进行测试,采用种群精英个体保留策略选择优秀个体,并利用云模型的随机性和稳定性特点进行迭代寻优,旨在降低总的测试时间,获得最佳测试规划;以ITC′02测试标准电路作为实验对象,实验结果表明,在获得相同测试时间下,云进化算法比遗传算法具有更好的寻优能力,收敛代数提高了约50%,有效提高了测试效率。     

Free-Form Simulation of Sequential Etching and Surface Characterization for 3-D MEMS Fabrication

A new diffusion-based simulation model of isotropic wet etching and free-form surface characterization method for 3-D free-form microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication is presented in this paper. To simulate the etching process, a diffusion-based model solved by the finite-element method (FEM) has been developed, allowing extraction of more accurate etch-front data at discrete time steps. In the developed method, free-form MEMS objects are modeled as B-spline functions with material concentration. Finite elements are generated by discretization in the parametric domain of the free-form object and mapping back to the Euclidean space. Points on the etch front are extracted using a Z-map method. The extracted point data are characterized to obtain a B-spline representation of the etch-front surface. Examples from the isotropic etching simulation of 2-D and 3-D objects with both regular and free-form geometry are presented. The developed method allows the simulation of 3-D objects with free-form input and free-form mask opening and facilitates the simulation of sequential etching of free-form objects with irregular mask openings. This paper also discusses applications of the developed method in MEMS process planning that can be realized by taking advantage of the better control of geometry that it provides in MEMS fabrication.     

A Galerkin Method for the Simulation of the Transient 2-D/2-D and 3-D/3-D Linear Boltzmann Equation

Many production steps used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits involve the deposition of material from the gas phase onto wafers. Models for these processes should account for gaseous transport in a range of flow regimes, from continuum flow to free molecular or Knudsen flow, and for chemical reactions at the wafer surface. We develop a kinetic transport and reaction model whose mathematical representation is a system of transient linear Boltzmann equations. In addition to time, a deterministic numerical solution of this system of kinetic equations requires the discretization of both position and velocity spaces, each two-dimensional for 2-D/2-D or each three-dimensional for 3-D/3-D simulations. Discretizing the velocity space by a spectral Galerkin method approximates each Boltzmann equation by a system of transient linear hyperbolic conservation laws. The classical choice of basis functions based on Hermite polynomials leads to dense coefficient matrices in this system. We use a collocation basis instead that directly yields diagonal coefficient matrices, allowing for more convenient simulations in higher dimensions. The systems of conservation laws are solved using the discontinuous Galerkin finite element method. First, we simulate chemical vapor deposition in both two and three dimensions in typical micron scale features as application example. Second, stability and convergence of the numerical method are demonstrated numerically in two and three dimensions. Third, we present parallel performance results which indicate that the implementation of the method possesses very good scalability on a distributed-memory cluster with a high-performance Myrinet interconnect.     

基于OpenGL的一种三维拾取方法

本文介绍了一种基于OpenGL的三维拾取方法,该方法可对三维地形图上的任意点进行拾取,并反馈拾取点的三维信息。在正交投影模型中,将整个图形划分成若干块均匀区域,先判断二维输入点落在哪块区域;然后再对选中的区域细化,判断输入点所选中的图元,并根据该图元的顶点信息求出二维输入设备所对应的第三维的值;最终返回该拾取取点在物体坐标系下的真实三维坐标,从而实现图形交互功能。     

三维适形放疗计划系统中的交互式测量方法

为了在制定三维适形放疗计划时合理地确定射线角度,并根据给定射线方向准确计算射线剂量,需要对三维模型进行精确的交互式测量。结合放疗计划系统的需求和医学图像特点,分析三维交互式测量过程,应用平行投影理论实现二维坐标到三维坐标的转换。提出以一个测量端点为起始点的三维任意叠加旋转算法,在重离子放疗计划系统中实现三维精确测量。实验结果证明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Multistreaming of 3-D Scenes With Optimized Transmission and Rendering Scalability

Three-dimensional (3D) graphic scenes require considerable network bandwidth to be transmitted and computing power to be rendered on a user's terminal. Toward high-quality display in real time, we propose a sender-driven mechanism for streaming 3D scenes in a resource-constrained environment. In doing so, objects are encoded into multiresolutions to provide transmission and rendering scalability, and a weighted distortion metric is developed to measure the quality of a scene rendered with multiresolution objects, modeling objects' unequal importance regarding display. To preserve the manipulation independency of multiple objects in data delivery while provide preferential treatment for different objects as well as different layers of each object, transmission of the objects is performed over multiple streams in a partially sequenced and partially reliable fashion. A rate-distortion optimization framework is developed, which determines an optimal level of reliability for every chunk of data in each stream, taking into account the rendering importance of the object, the distortion-rate performance of the data chunks, and the statistics of the network link. Compared with heuristical methods, simulation results show that the proposed framework maximizes the display quality of the scene while minimizing the amount of data that needs to be processed by the client's rendering engine     

基于FDK法的三维CT快速计算方法

在三维CT的图像重建过程中,单圆轨迹锥形束扫描是一种常用的方法,其算法普遍采用滤波反投影的形式(FBP)实现。由于滤波可以用FFT快速实现,因此反投影部分占据了计算的主要时间。论文提出同时从四个视角计算插值并作反投影累加,利用三角函数的周期性,减少传统算法中反投影阶段的乘法和正、余弦的计算次数,从而加快计算速度。分析和实验结果表明该方法对减少反投影计算所需的时间是行之有效的。     

颅颌硬组织三维信息的获取方法

本文详细论述了利用两张颅颌正、侧位X光片,重构颅颌硬组织三维坐标的基本方法,并给出一个颅颌硬组织显示实例.本方法简明、易行、便于推广,对人体各个部位的硬组织研究均可采用此方法.     

用格雷编码结构光法测量三维面形

采用以格雷编码结构光投影技术为基础的非接触式三维面形测量法构建了一个三维形貌测量系统,并进行了测量实验;该系统主要由一台LCD投影仪,一台LCD摄像机和一台PC机组成,LCD投影仪在计算机控制下向被测物表面投影一系列由黑白相间的条纹构成的图案,然后由CCD摄像机依次接收经被测物表面调制后的图案,并传送给计算机存储以等待处理,计算机接收完一组图像后,依次对其进行去阴影噪声、二值化、编码等处理,从中提取高度信息,最后根据提取的信息进行三维重构,结合实验,论述了系统的搭建及格雷编码三维测量方法的实现过程,对其中的系统调整和图像处理部分做了重点介绍,并给出了实验结果。     

一种新型逻辑函数化简方法——立体化简法

文章在卡诺图化简法的思想基础上设计了一种新型的逻辑函数化简方法——“立体化简法”。用逻辑函数立方体代替卡诺图来表示逻辑函数,在三维立体空间进行逻辑函数的化简,既保持了卡诺图化简法方便、直观、容易掌握的优点,又使得可以方便化简的逻辑函数变量增加至六个;如果采用达到卡诺图化简法五、六变量逻辑函数化简的难易程度的方法,可使化简的逻辑函数变量增加至九个。这种新型的逻辑化简方法使得五、六变量逻辑函数的化简变得非常简单、方便,也使得九变量以内的逻辑函数的化简变得直观、可行。     

基于球面调和函数的3-D人脸识别方法

根据3-D数据的优势,利用图像成像原理和球面调和函数理论,结合3-D投影原理和PCA技术建立了一个3-D人脸模型.该模型用不受光线影响的低维线性子空间的基向量来表示,将结构和纹理两个3-D信息作为整体进行考虑,使得模型只需要通过一组参数简单描述.由于本文构建的3-D模型只与人脸的内在属性有关,与光线无关,因此能够排除光线对人脸识别率的影响,本文在AR人脸数据库上的识别实验证明了本文方法的有效性.     

3-D整体变分视频去隔行方法

提出了一种基于3D整体变分模型的视频去隔行方法.首先根据整体变分修复模型,建立3D灰度空间的光滑性能量函数,形成对隔行区域插值的约束;然后利用变分法将最小化能量函数的问题,转化为对Euler-Lagrange方程的求解;最后根据隔行视频的特性,给出了一种非迭代的离散实现方法.实验结果表明,和常见的几种去隔行方法相比,本文方法能够较好地抑制边沿锯齿和运动虚像.     

一种面向一维图象序列的目标检测和快速跟踪算法的研究

针对工业视觉系统中的一维目标图象序列,提出了一种作用于扫描行基的自适应阈值分割和基于相关性评判准则的目标快速跟踪算法,并将算法用于运动带钢表面的缺陷目标跟踪,仿真结果表明该算法具有跟踪精度高,执行速度快的优点。     

On 3-D Point Set Matching With MAE and SAE Cost Criteria

This paper deals with the problem of optimally matching two ordered sets of 3-D points by means of a rigid displacement. Contrary to the standard approach, where a sum-of-squared-errors criterion is minimized in order to obtain the optimal displacement, we here analyze the use of [maximum absolute error (MAE)] and [sum of absolute errors (SAE)] cost criteria for determining the optimal matching. Two numerically efficient (polynomial time) algorithms are developed in this paper to compute an approximately optimal solution for the MAE and SAE matching problems.     

A 3-D Graphics Display System With Depth Buffer and Pipeline Processor

Capable of displaying 10,000 polygons per second, this interactive terminal produces smooth, color-shaded surfaces quickly for applications in science, engineering, training simulation, and animation.