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产细菌素乳酸菌的筛选及其所产细菌素的特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用牛津杯双层平板法从豆腐乳中筛选得到一株广谱的、具有较强抑菌活性的乳酸菌菌株,经生理生化分析及16S rDNA基因序列比对确定该菌株为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)。该菌株发酵液经高温、聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(TritonX-100)、吐温-80、吐温-20、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、尿素处理以及在低pH 值(pH<5)条件下均能够保持较好的抑菌活性,而其发酵产物的抑菌活性受胰蛋白酶和蛋白酶K的影响。抑菌谱实验表明,该菌株的发酵液对部分革兰氏阳性细菌和阴性细菌都有明显的抑制作用,但对酵母菌和霉菌无抑制作用。 相似文献
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A. O'Mahony T. O'Sullivan Y. Walsh A. Vaughan M. Maher G. F. Fitzgerald D. van Sinderen 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2000,106(6):403-410
Thirty‐three putative inhibitor‐producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from malted barley based on their ability to inhibit growth of two indicator strains. Eleven of the inhibitor‐producing LAB produced an antimicrobial activity which was active across a wide pH range, relatively insensitive to heat treatment while sensitive to treatment with proteolytic enzymes indicating that the inhibitory compounds are proteinaceous in nature and therefore bacteriocin‐like inhibitory substances. Ten of these eleven malt isolates were observed to secrete the inhibitory compounds into the cell‐free supernatant with optimal production occurring in the late exponential growth phase. The inhibitory spectra of these isolates included various Gram‐positive bacteria among which a variety of beer‐spoiling bacteria. 相似文献
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Fresh juice of Cecile cultivar cabbage (Brassica oleracea) was inhibitory to the growth of four species (including seven strains) of lactic acid bacteria. Inhibition was eliminated when the cabbage was heated (steamed 10 min) before juice extraction. When Lcuconostoc mes-enteroides C33 was tested in juices of three other cultivars of cabbage, growth inhibition was invariably noted in fresh juices, but was variable in heated juices. Fresh cabbage juice (CJ) adjusted to higher initial pH (6.5–7.5) showed greater antibacterial activities than at pH 5.0 to 6.0. When pH 4.0 precipitate from fresh CJ was added to noninhi-bitory CJ (cabbage heated before extraction), antibacterial activity was restored. A heat-labile and pH-dependent factor seemed responsible for activating a precursor into an inhibitory compound. 相似文献
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本文以酱卤鸭肉为研究对象,用选择性培养基对真空包装酱卤鸭肉在4 ℃条件下贮藏过程中菌相和贮藏过程中的优势腐败菌进行初步鉴定,根据香辛料精油的抑菌特性,选取香辛料精油针对优势腐败菌开展抑菌试验,将香辛料精油应用于酱卤制品保鲜中。酱卤鸭肉在4 ℃贮藏条件下,乳酸菌、假单胞菌、肠杆菌、微球菌和葡萄球菌是样品腐败终点的优势菌。在酱卤鸭肉腐败终点分出4株菌株,进行分子生物初步鉴定,分别为荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes)、产气肠杆菌(Enterobacter aerogenes)、表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus epidermidis)、藤黄微球菌(Kocuria rhizophila)。香辛料精油对样品中四种优势腐败菌均有抑制作用,通过单因素和正交实验确定了最优复配精油比例,10%生姜精油、25%青花椒油树脂、20%八角茴香精油和6.25%肉桂油树脂1:1:1:1混合。 相似文献
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Heikki Ojamo 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2011,117(3):285-294
Various molecular methods have been developed for the rapid microbiological analysis of beer and brewing process samples. However, enrichment cultivation is still needed in order to reach the detection limits of the molecular assays, and it may directly contribute to the costs and accuracy of detection. The selection of proper enrichment cultivation conditions may be complex due to the wide variety of available media, and controversial reports of their performance. Therefore, this article aims to clarify this process by summarizing the main factors affecting the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the enrichment cultures and reported media for this purpose. 相似文献
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目的:为使分离自具有民族特色和特殊功效的内蒙古牧区马奶及其制品中的乳酸菌更好地应用于发酵工业,对乳酸菌进行耐药性实验并研究其中是否存在由主动外排蛋白介导的喹诺酮类耐药机制。方法:采用二倍稀释法测定乳酸菌对临床常用喹诺酮类药物的最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC),利用质子泵抑制剂(利血平)结合荧光分光光度法检测耐药菌株和对照菌株对环丙沙星的摄取情况。结果:菌株HZ18、HZ28、NN3、NN4具有耐药性并在加入利血平后菌体内环丙沙星累积量明显增加。结论:乳酸菌中存在主动外排蛋白介导的喹诺酮类耐药机制。 相似文献
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From a total of four thousand presumed lactic acid bacteria, obtained from raw, unmalted sorghum and barley, 308 isolates were shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against the indicator strain Listeria innocua 4202. Six of these inhibitor‐producing isolates were selected for further study on the basis of their relatively wide antimicrobial spectrum, which showed that these producers inhibited several Gram‐positive bacteria, including a range of beer spoiling bacteria. The proteinaceous nature, anti‐microbial activity against closely related species, heat resistance and pH stability of the inhibitory substances produced by these six bacteria identified these compounds as bacteriocins. All six isolates were shown to secrete the inhibitory compounds into the cell free supernatants. Bacteriocins produced by five of the six producers were purified to homogeneity. Further analytic data was obtained for three of the inhibitory compounds by means of mass spectroscopy and/or N‐terminal amino acid sequencing. 相似文献
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研究植物精油对水产品中常见腐败致病微生物的抑制效果。采用滤纸片法测定植物精油的抑菌圈直径,筛选出3种效果较佳的精油;然后运用试管梯度稀释法测定精油对供试菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC);采用棋盘稀释法对3种精油的联合抑菌活性进行了研究,并以FICI值对效果进行评价。通过抑菌圈的测定,筛选出肉桂精油、紫苏精油、丁香精油,各精油对供试菌的MIC值范围分别为:0.313~0.625,0.625~2.50,0.625~2.50μL/mL。棋盘稀释法结果表明复配精油对6种供试菌都显示出了协同或相加作用,不存在无关作用和拮抗作用。 相似文献
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天然乳酸菌如果未经改造,生命力十分脆弱,是绝对无法耐久存.乳酸菌专业厂商塞尔生技公司投入可观资源,成功开发出一种独特的双层包埋技术在天然乳酸菌表面包覆蛋白质,然后再包一层特殊胶体,解决了长久以来一直无法突破的天然乳酸菌不易保存与不耐胃酸的问题.利用这种特殊双层包埋技术,最外层的胶体在强酸性的胃酸中凝结,保护乳酸菌.等到益生菌进入较高酸碱值较高的十二指肠时,胶体自然分解溶化,释放益生菌,而后第二层的蛋白质就会促进乳酸菌与肠壁纤毛附着,同时提供乳酸菌繁殖所需营养.利用双层包埋技术包埋的乳酸菌,稳定性及再加工性远优于一般未经包埋的乳酸菌,除了传统应用在酸奶、奶粉或胶囊型、铝箔包型保健食品等一般常见的乳酸菌商品上之外,也已成功运用在果汁、糖果、巧克力、饼干、口香糖、冰淇淋等食品及锭剂型保健食品上.除了可以有效延长储架期间的活性达到6月以上,还可充分扩张益生菌之应用范围.利用乳酸菌代谢产物生产功能特殊的乳酸菌素,也是乳酸菌厂商积极开发的项目之一,其耐热性更强,用量较低, 具有针对性, 不会误伤有益微生物. 目前也成功开发出多种可应用在食品、化妆品及保健品方面的乳酸菌素,功能包括食品保鲜、抗幽门罗杆菌、抗痤疮杆菌等.安全可靠, 使用方便. 相似文献
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通过测定抑菌圈直径大小了解食品常见腐败微生物对12种芳香植物精油的抗菌敏感性,进一步测定最低抑菌浓度、最小杀菌浓度分析食用芳香植物精油抗菌活性。试验表明:食品常见腐败微生物对植物精油表现出不同的敏感性,特别是枯草芽孢杆菌对植物精油抗菌敏感性最强;综合抗菌活性最好的是牛至和百里香精油,浓度达到250μL/L时表现出广谱抗菌性,但肉桂精油对真菌有更好的抗菌活性;采用棋盘稀释法进一步研究植物精油间协同增效效果,发现牛至-百里香复配表现出显著的相加效果;气-质联用仪分析了牛至、百里香和肉桂精油的主要抗菌成分香芹酚、百里香酚和反式肉桂醛等的含量。研究可为食用植物精油作为"高效、安全"的防腐保鲜剂应用于食品领域提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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乳酸菌发酵乳血管紧张素转化酶抑制活力的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以18种共计61株乳酸菌为研究对象,比较了乳酸菌发酵脱脂乳的血管紧张素转化酶抑制活力(ACE抑制活力),并探讨了ACE抑制活力与pH值、滴定酸度、蛋白水解度的关系。结果表明,乳杆菌ACE抑制活力最强,双歧杆菌次之,链球菌、乳球菌、明串珠菌和片球菌ACE抑制活力很低。ACE抑制活力最高的是Lacto- bacillus helveticus 6024,发酵28 h后ACEI%可达到80%以上,其OPA指数可达到0.800以上,而球菌的ACE抑制活力和蛋白水解能力都很低,甚至检测不到。乳酸菌产酸能力做为一个单一因素与ACE抑制率没有明显相关性(Spearman相关系数r_3=0.526),乳酸菌的蛋白水解能力与ACE抑制率具有显著的正相关性(Spearman相关系数r_3=0.938)。通过对2株产ACE抑制活力高的L.helveticus 6024和L.helveticus T16的研究发现,其共同特点是产酸能力和蛋白水解能力都很强。 相似文献