P6软件在项目管理中的应用

结合项目的进度计划编制流程介绍P6软件的部分基础概念和实用功能,包括EPS(企业项目结构)、OBS(组织分解结构)、临界值等,并通过运用赢得值法实现软件对项目进度、费用的综合控制功能。     

工程公司在工程总承包中的费用与进度控制

在冶金行业各设计单位改制成工程公司后，冶金建设工程总承包即成为各工程公司的第一主营业务。而要做好工程总承包必须要重视安全、质量、进度、费用等各个方面，而费用与进度控制无疑是其中的难点，这是因为：（1）冶金行业工程总承包起步较化工等行业为晚，未能充分理解费用与进度控制的重要性和紧迫性；（2）管理模式以计划经济时代摸索出的方式为主，还未能较充分结合冶金特点总结出自己的管理模式；（3）各工程公司从业人员还未完全完成从以设计为主的角色转化为以设计为龙头的工程总承包管理者的角色。下面谈一谈工程公司在冶金建设工程总承包中的费用与进度控制。     

综合管廊效益评估与费用分摊标准研究

综合管廊建设投资与维护管理费用的分摊直接影响到管廊的建设进度与使用效率。通过分析传统铺设管线的内部与外部成本,并与综合管廊工程总成本比较,对综合管廊效益进行评估。针对综合管廊作为准营利性市政基础设施的定位,选取比例法作为基准制定费用分摊标准,并从经济效率、公平合理性、简单易行、管线单位接受程度等多个方面进行讨论分摊因子的公平合理性,为建设满足各方利益的综合管廊费用分摊标准提供思路。     

进度控制是项目管理的关键环节

在项目管理中,进度控制是整个项目控制过程中重要的环节之一,它与质量控制、费用控制共同决定了能否实现包括项目的收费目标在内的各项目标,特别是进度控制在实际工作中的有效运用,这对于实现项目的各项目标进而完成项目的最终收费目标、促进公司的发展壮大以及实现各项战略目标,都有着极为重要的意义。     

非施工因素对大型冶金建设项目进度控制管理的影响

结合施工进度控制实践和国际上有关工期控制的理论，对影响大型冶金建设项目进度控制的勘察设计、施工前准备以及综合协调等非施工因素进行了分析探讨。     

项目计划管理与进度控制探讨

计划管理与进度控制一直是电力项目管理的一个难点,也是一个重点.在项目计划与进度管理采用工作负荷点系统,统一了计量单位,将不同专业的工作量进行汇总计算,并根据总体计划安排生成进度控制的S曲线,实现了进度量化和动态跟踪控制,使进度控制始终处于受控在控状态.为其他项目的有效管理与控制提供了新的借鉴.     

浅谈网络计划原理在单件小批生产类型企业中的应用

网络计划技术是利用网络图表达计划任务的进度安排及各项活动（或工作）之间的相互关系,在此基础上进行网络分析,计算网络时间参数,找出关键活动和关键线路;并利用时差不断改善网络计划,求得工期、资源与费用的优化方案。在计划执行过程中,通过信息反馈进行监督与控制,以保证达到预定的目标。     

浅论工程进度安排的优化处理

进度控制对工程项目施工很重要,本文基于此首先对进度控制进行了概述,然后浅谈了如何对工程进度安排优化处理,最后得到结论和展望.     

施工项目进度控制的探讨

由于项目管理的核心任务是项目的目标控制,根据项目管理学的基本理论,文章就施工项目进度控制的概念、方法、措施,主要任务和影响施工项目进度的因素作简要概述,同时对施工项目进度控制原理的6个方面进行了阐述.     

EPC设计在铁合金工业污水处理项目上的应用

设计管理是EPC项目管理的关键,它贯穿于整个工程建设的全过程。文章针对铁合金工业污水处理EPC项目,从冶炼工业废(污)水的来源及特点入手,分析设计管理对于整个EPC项目进度和费用控制两个方面的影响进行了阐述和研究。     

Using Weibull Analysis for Evaluation of Cost and Schedule Performance

Large amounts of money are lost each year in the construction industry because of poor schedule and cost control. Few contractors specify and follow systematic schedule monitoring practices. Traditionally, the earned value method (EVM) is used to control and monitor schedule performance using the schedule and cost performance indices which compare the budgeted cost of work performed to what was originally scheduled or what is actually expended. This paper presents a statistical approach, namely Weibull analysis, to evaluate stochastically the schedule performance of construction or design projects. The approach can be used in conjunction with the EVM to enhance the evaluation and control of schedule performance. Weibull analysis is a common method for failure analysis and reliability engineering used in a wide range of applications. In this paper, the applicability of Weibull analysis for evaluating and comparing the reliability of the schedule performance of multiple projects is presented. The various steps in the analysis are discussed along with an example in which two projects are analyzed and compared. The authors conclude that Weibull analysis has several advantages and provides a relatively robust and effective method for construction managers to better control and monitor their projects.     

建筑工程项目质量与进度

质量控制、进度控制和成本控制是建筑项目中最重要的三个因素,任何一个因素都影响到项目的价值高低,甚至决定着项目的成败。本文主要分析建筑项目施工中影响工程质量和工程进度的因素,从而寻找加强质量控制与进度控制的方法,并通过”三控制”间的相互联系来协调相互之间的对立面关系。     

Forecasting Project Status by Using Fuzzy Logic

This paper describes a forecasting method for predicting potential cost overruns and schedule delays on construction projects. The output of the forecasting method is useful in evaluating the project status at different time horizons and in quantifying the impact of the performance indicators on the profitability of the job. The method is intended for use by members of project teams in performing integrated time and cost control of construction projects. The paper addresses the effects of a number of factors, referred to in the developed method as indicators, on project cost overruns and schedule delays using fuzzy logic. The proposed forecasting method has been implemented in a prototype that operates in the World Wide Web environment. It has an open architecture that allows users to actively interact and, accordingly, makes use of their own experience and knowledge in the forecasting process. An example project is analyzed to test the developed prototype, demonstrate the use of the proposed method, and to illustrate its capabilities.     

Integrated Schedule and Cost Model for Repetitive Construction Process

Several efforts have been made by many researchers to develop a model for schedule and cost integration in construction projects, but it is difficult to integrate and manage schedule and cost in an actual construction site using such a model. The integrated schedule and cost model developed in this study (1) enables the planning and control of repetitive construction processes and (2) can be used by a project manager in an actual construction site. Furthermore, an integrated schedule and cost model for the core wall construction, which is an important repetitive process in the recently booming high-rise building construction in terms of scheduling, was developed using the integration model developed in this study. It is expected that the integrated schedule and cost model developed can allow project managers to integrate the schedule and cost of repetitive construction processes more effectively and support the project managers’ decision-making.     

Integrated Construction Project Management: A Teaching Case Study

Cost and schedule planning and control are two of the most important management functions in the construction industry. Major research efforts are focused on developing procedures for improving the effectiveness of these functions. As a result, researchers are concerned with the quality, integrity, and timeliness of data that flows through such planning and control systems. A number of data models have been proposed to integrate cost and schedule control functions because such integration is viewed as the solution to the many problems facing the management of construction projects today. This paper provides an overview of cost and schedule control, and discusses how these research findings were incorporated in the construction courses offered at the Construction Division of the Department of Civil Engineering and Construction at North Dakota State University.     

中厚板轧制厚控综合指标的实现

论述了中厚板轧机的一种低成本厚控综合技术。该项技术以综合等储备优化规程理论、轧机非线性弹跳方程在线动态实用技术和动态设定型AGC三项工艺理论为基础,利用现代微机控制技术,实现了轧制规程的实时最佳设定和AGC方法在技术和控制目标上的互补,通过动态设定型AGC技术,最终以简单的APC方法有效地实现了AGC动能,确保了钢板目标厚度命中率、异板差和同板差这三个互相制约的厚控指标的综合控制,在老式中板轧机上,其厚控指标达到了先进水平。     

沉井施工及管理实践

超深沉井一直是冶金建设工程中施工和管理的重点,本文结合在建工程的实践,论述了确保工程质量、工期和造价的事前、事中控制,并对相关的技术及管理等问题进行了探讨。     

Reasons for Cost and Schedule Increase for Engineering Design Projects

Cost and schedule increases are common in engineering design projects. Some research has studied factors associated with better design performance, but the reasons for cost and schedule increases are not formally investigated. This paper identifies the reasons bottom up from four case project documents and further quantifies their contributions to cost and schedule increases. These reasons are complete and can be used to analyze the cause-effect relationship, trace responsibility, and improve performance for engineering design projects.     

Probabilistic Forecasting of Project Duration Using Kalman Filter and the Earned Value Method

The earned value method (EVM) is recognized as a viable method for evaluating and forecasting project cost performance. However, its application to schedule performance forecasting has been limited due to poor accuracy in predicting project durations. Recently, several EVM-based schedule forecasting methods were introduced. However, these are still deterministic and have large prediction errors early in the project due to small sample size. In this paper, a new forecasting method is developed based on Kalman filter and the earned schedule method. The Kalman filter forecasting method (KFFM) provides probabilistic predictions of project duration at completion and can be used from the beginning of a project without significant loss of accuracy. KFFM has been programmed in an add-in for Microsoft Excel and it can be implemented on all kinds of projects monitored by EVM or any other S-curve approach. Applications on two real projects are presented here to demonstrate the advantages of KFFM in extracting additional information from data about the status, trend, and future project schedule performance and associated risks.     

唐钢1 800 mm 5机架冷连轧机过程控制模型设定系统

简要介绍了唐钢1 800 mm 5机架冷连轧机组的工艺参数、仪表配置及过程控制模型设定系统。从轧制过 程在线数学模型、基于成本函数的多目标优化负荷分配和模型自适应3个方面对该冷连轧过程控制模型设定系统 进行了深入分析研究。现场应用表明,该L2过程控制系统运行稳定,模型设定系统制定的轧制规程合理、模型设 定计算具有非常高的精度,满足在线控制的要求。