Synthesis and photoluminescence of Y2O3:RE3+ (RE=Eu, Tb, Dy) porous nanotubes templated by carbon nanotubes

Y2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu, Tb, Dy) porous nanotubes were first synthesized using carbon nanotubes as template. The morphology of the coated precursors and porous Y2O3:Eu3+ nanotubes was determined by scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the coating of precursors on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is continuous and the thickness is about 15 nm, after calcinated, the Y2O3:Eu3+ nanotubes are porous with the diameter size in the range of 50-80 nm and the length in micrometer scale. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed that the samples are cubic phase Y2O3 and the photoluminescence studies showed that the porous rare earth ions doped nanotubes possess characteristic emission of Eu3+, Tb3+, and Dy3+. This method may also provide a novel approach to produce other inorganic porous nanotubes used in catalyst and sensors.     

Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-δ thick films on Ba2RETaO6 (RE = Pr5 Nd, Eu, and Dy) substrates

Thick films of YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ fabricated on polycrystalline Ba₂RETaO₆ (where RE = Pr, Nd. Eu, and Dy) substrates by dip-coating and partial melting techniques are textured and oaxis oriented, showing predominantly (00/) orientation. All the thick films show a superconducting zero resistance transition of 90 K. SEM studies clearly indicate platelike and needlelike grain growth over a wide area of the thick films. The values of the critical current density for these thick films are ∼10⁴ A/cm² at 77 K as determined by the nonresonant R.F. absorption method. Various processing conditions that affect the critical current density of thick films are also discussed.     

Synthesis of New Pb-based 1222 Layered Cuprates in the (Pb,S)Sr2(RE,Ce)2Cu2O z (RE=Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Y) System

A new family of the Pb-based layered cuprate with the 1222 structure has been synthesized in the (Pb,S)Sr₂(RE,Ce)₂Cu₂O _z (RE=Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Y) system. The almost-single phase samples are obtained for x=0.25 and y=1.0 in the composition of (Pb_1?x S _x )Sr₂(RE_2?y Ce _y )Cu₂O _z . Each of the samples has the crystal structure with a tetragonal symmetry. Both of the lattice parameters a and c are decreasing with the decrease of the ionic radius of RE element. Among these samples, the sample with RE=Er has the smallest resistivity in the whole temperature range and the slope of the resistivity versus temperature is the most gentle. Despite annealing under O₂ atmosphere at high-pressure of 121 atm, this sample is a semiconductor with the transport process characteristics of three-dimensional variable range hopping conduction. Then the samples of RE=Er with smaller y are investigated for the composition of (Pb_0.75S_0.25)Sr₂(RE_2?y Ce _y )Cu₂O _z , the sample with y=0.4 is found to show an onset of resistivity drop phenomenon at about 11 K with the decrease of temperature. Moreover, we also discover that the samples of RE=Ho with y=0.4 show an onset of the resistivity dropping at over 20 K and zero resistivity at 13 K. From these results, the present (Pb_0.75S_0.25)Sr₂(RE_2?y Ce _y )Cu₂O _z system is considered to be a new family of the Pb-based superconducting cuprates with the 1222 structure.     

Gd_2O_3∶RE~(3+)(RE:Eu,Tb)纳米棒的合成与表征

掺杂Eu和Tb离子的一维稀土氧化物发光材料因具有与其体相材料不同的光谱特性在近年来引起了人们的极大研究兴趣。(Gd0.9Eu0.1)(OH)3和(Gd0.9Tb0.1)(OH)3纳米棒前驱物通过水热法首先被合成,然后经退火处理得到Gd2O3∶RE3+(RE:Eu,Tb)纳米棒。FE-SEM的形貌测试结果表明,Gd2O3∶RE3+(RE:Eu,Tb)纳米棒有约为20～60nm直径和200～500nm长度。XRD的结构测试证实,所得到的Gd2O3∶RE3+(RE:Eu,Tb)纳米棒样品均属于立方晶系。光谱测试结果表明,同体相材料相比,Gd2O3∶RE3+(RE:Eu,Tb)纳米棒的Eu3+和Tb3+的特征发光峰出现了宽化现象,样品的纳米表面效应可能是导致其发光峰宽化的主要原因。     

Vacuum ultraviolet optical properties of (La,Gd)PO4:RE (RE=Eu, Tb)

Vacuum ultraviolet excitation spectra of phosphors (La,Gd)PO₄:RE³⁺ (RE=Eu or Tb) and X-ray photoelectron spectra of LaPO₄ and GdPO₄ are investigated. The vacuum ultraviolet excitation intensity of (La,Gd)PO₄:RE³⁺ is enhanced with the increasing of Gd³⁺ content, which implies that Gd³⁺ plays an intermediate role in energy transfer from host absorption band to RE³⁺. When Gd³⁺ is doped into LaPO₄:Eu³⁺, charge transfer band (CT band) begins to shift to higher energy region and the overlap degree of CT band and the host absorption band gets greater with more Gd³⁺ doped into LaPO₄. These results suggest that the dopant (Gd³⁺) gives an important influence on energy transfer efficiency. The top of LaPO₄ valance band is formed by the 2p level of O²⁻, whereas that of GdPO₄ valance band is formed by the 2p level of O²⁻ and the 4f level of Gd³⁺, showing the differences in band structures between LaPO₄ and GdPO₄.     

La2/3Sr1/3MnO3掺杂RE(RE=Pr、Eu、Y、Tb)的结构、红外及磁学性质

采用空气中固相反应烧结法制备了一系列钙钛矿结构的(La1-xREx)2/3Sr1/3MnO3(RE=Pr、Eu、Y、Tb;x=0、0.3或0.4)掺杂稀土锰氧化物多晶样品.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明随着RE离子半径的减小,样品XRD的衍射峰位置普遍向高角度偏移,2θ增大0.02～0.62°.扫描电镜(SEM)观测的结果表明掺杂RE离子的半径越小,形成多晶样品的晶粒越小,未掺杂RE的La2/3Sr1/3MnO3在所有的样品中晶粒最大.红外吸收光谱测量发现样品在599～629cm-1范围出现了吸收峰并且峰的位置随掺杂RE离子半径的减小而向低频方向偏移.样品的磁性质测量表明掺杂稀土离子的半径及磁矩对材料的磁电阻有明显影响.     

稀土掺杂TiO2光催化材料的制备和性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了5种稀土（Pr、Nd、Sm,Eu、Dy）掺杂TiO2光催化薄膜,研究了稀土掺杂量,镀膜层数、烧结温度和烧结时间对光催化活性的影响．结果表明,各因素对材料的催化活性均存在一最佳值．薄膜中仅含TiO2而未见稀土氧化物,除掺锴TiO2薄膜完全由金红石相组成外,其余均由锐钛矿相和金红石相的混晶组成,其中金红石相所占比例较大,薄膜表面均存在大量缺陷;稀土掺杂TiO2薄膜对罗丹明B的光降解率可达89．3％．稀土掺杂TiO2显著提高了TiO2对可见光的响应能力,提高了材料的光催化活性．     

Synthesis and luminescence properties of BaTiO3:RE (RE = Gd3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Lu3+) phosphors

Gd³⁺, Dy³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Lu³⁺ doped BaTiO₃-based phosphors were synthesized with modified solid-state technique at 1000 °C. The optimization of reaction conditions were carried out by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis methods (DTA/TG). The reaction products obtained in an air atmosphere were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Surface and elemental analyses were performed by using an SEM instrument. The excitation and emission spectra were recorded by photoluminescence spectrophotometer (PL). The thermoluminescence (TL) properties of BaTiO₃ samples doped with Gd³⁺, Dy³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Lu³⁺ were investigated.     

Estimation on Magnetic Refrigeration Material （Gd1-xREx）5Si4 （RE=Dy, Ho）

A systematic (Gd1-xREx)5Si4 (RE=Dy, Ho) alloys are investigated to estimate their magnetocaloric effect.The Curie points of (Gd1-xREx)Si4 alloys can tunable from 266 K to 336 K when RE=Dy, Ho; x=0～0.35 and 0～0.15, respectively, and decrease nearly linearly with increasing x. These alloys keep orthorhombic structures Ge5Sm4 and exhibit second order transition when they experience in a change magnetic field at about Curie when magnetic field changes 0～2 T. The adiabatic temperatures changes (△Tad) of these alloys at Curie points are larger than 1 K in a field change 0～1.4 T, the curve of △Tad is wide as that of Gd. The relative cooling power is about 0.8～0.9 J/cm3 when field changes 0～2 T, 55% of that of Gd. Comparing with Gd5(Si1-xGex)4, these alloys do not contain expensive element Ge, so that their cost are lower than the former. Because they could work at temperature region 260～340 K due to their Curie points can be tuned, which is an advantage comparing with Gd, these alloys are potential magnetic refrigerants working in a magnetic refrigerator with a low magnetic field at room temperatures.     

New dielectric materials based on pyrochlore-type oxides- Ca3RE3Ti7Ta2O26.5 (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy or Y): Structure, FT-IR spectra, microstructure and dielectric properties

New dielectric materials based on complex oxides containing rare earth tantalates: Ca₃RE₃Ti₇Ta₂O_26.5 (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy or Y) have been investigated for their structure, FT-IR spectra, microstructure and dielectric properties. Structural analysis using the techniques of x-ray powder diffraction coupled with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) shows that the titled compounds crystallize with the cubic pyrochlore type structure. Microstructure analysis by means of scanning electron microscope exhibits that sintering the pellets at 1450^∘C shows dense microstructure with well formed grains. The dielectric permittivity (ε_r) and dielectric loss (tan δ) of the pellets sintered at 1450^∘C are found to be varying from 41-80 and 0.0715-0.0570 respectively at 100 kHz.     

尖晶石LiMn1.98RE0.02O4(RE=Ce,Nd)及其性能研究

采用传统的高温固相法合成了稀土掺杂改性的锂离子电池用正极材料LiMn1.98 RE0.02O4(RE=Nd,Ce).用XRD、激光粒径和恒电流充放电测试对材料的结构和性能进行了表征.从材料的晶体结构、充放电和循环性能等方面分析了掺杂元素在稳定材料性能中的作用.研究结果表明,掺杂后的材料仍为尖晶石结构,常温和高温下的循环性能都得到了明显改善.常温下50次循环后LiMn1.98Ce0.02O4和LiMn198Nd0.02O4的放电比容量分别维持在114.2 mAh·g-1和117.5mAh·g-1.     

Magnetic Susceptibility Investigations on the Layered Superconductors Y2C2Br2:RE (RE = Gd, Dy, Er)

We investigated the magnetic properties of pure and lanthanoid (RE = Gd, Dy, or Er) doped samples of Y₂C₂Br₂ (T _c = 5.04 K) by means of SQUID magnetization measurements. The analysis of the high-field susceptibility of the undoped material allows the determination of the Pauli susceptibility, the electronic density of states, and the Stoner enhancement. T _c decreases with increasing spin momenta S and doping concentrations x (0 x 1.2 at.%/Y) of the paramagnetic lanthanoid dopants. We estimate the exchange integral |I _ex| of the lanthanoid spin and the conduction electron spin as well as the critical concentrations x _c , relying on the Ginzburg–Landau–Abrikosov–Gor'kov (GLAG) theory of impurity pair breaking for dilute alloys (x 0).     

EDTA-assisted phase conversion synthesis of (Gd0.95RE0.05)PO4 nanowires (RE = Eu,Tb) and investigation of photoluminescence

Abstract

Hexagonal (Gd_0.95RE_0.05)PO₄·nH₂O nanowires ~300 nm in length and ~10 nm in diameter have been converted from (Gd_0.95RE_0.05)₂(OH)₅NO₃·nH₂O nanosheets (RE = Eu, Tb) in the presence of monoammonium phosphate (NH₄H₂PO₄) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). They were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared and photoluminescence spectroscopies. It is shown that EDTA played an essential role in the morphology development of the nanowires. The hydrothermal products obtained up to 180 °C are of a pure hexagonal phase, while monoclinic phosphate evolved as an impurity at 200 °C. The nanowires undergo hexagonal→monoclinic phase transformation upon calcination at ≥600 °C to yield a pure monoclinic phase at ~900 °C. The effects of calcination on morphology, excitation/emission, and fluorescence decay kinetics were investigated in detail with (Gd_0.95Eu_0.05)PO₄ as example. The abnormally strong ⁵D₀→⁷F₄ electric dipole Eu³⁺ emission in the hexagonal phosphates was ascribed to site distortion. The process of energy migration was also discussed for the optically active Gd³⁺ and Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ ions.     

Persistent luminescence of Eu2+ and Dy3+ doped barium aluminate (BaAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+) materials

Polycrystalline Eu²⁺ and Dy³⁺ doped barium aluminate materials, BaAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺, were prepared with solid state reactions at temperatures between 700 and 1500 °C. The influence of the thermal treatments on the stability, homogeneity and structure as well as to the UV-excited and persistent luminescence of the materials was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, SEM imaging and infrared spectroscopies as well as by steady state luminescence spectroscopy and persistent luminescence decay curves, respectively. The IR spectra of the materials prepared at 250, 700, and 1500 °C follow the formation of BaAl₂O₄ composition whereas the X-ray powder diffraction of compounds revealed how the hexagonal structure was obtained. The morphology of the materials at high temperatures indicated important aggregation due to sintering. The luminescence decay of the quite narrow Eu²⁺ band at ca. 500 nm shows the presence of persistent luminescence after UV irradiation. The dopant (Eu²⁺) and co-dopant (Dy³⁺) concentrations affect the crystallinity and luminescence properties of the materials.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of RE4Hf3O12 (RE=Ho,Er, Tm) ceramics with defect fluorite structure

The thermal and environmental barrier coatings (T/EBC) are technologically important for advanced propulsion engine system. In this study, RE₄Hf₃O₁₂ (RE=Ho, Er, Tm) with defect fluorite structure was investigated for potential use as top TBC layer. Dense pellets were fabricated via a hot pressing method and the mechanical and thermal properties were characterized. RE₄Hf₃O₁₂ (RE=Ho, Er, Tm) possessed a high Vickers hardness of 11 GPa. The material retained high elastic modulus at elevated temperatures up to 1773 K, which made it attractive for high temperature application. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of RE₄Hf₃O₁₂ (RE = Ho, Er, Tm) laid in the range between 7 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ to 10 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ from 473 K to 1673 K. In addition, the rare earth hafnates exhibited lower thermal conductivity which rendered it a good candidate material for thermal barrier applications.     

Superconductivity behaviour of screen-printed LnBa2Cu3O7 (Ln=Eu,Y) films

Thick films of the highT _csuperconducting oxides, LnBa₂Cu₃O₇, Ln = Eu, Y, have been fabricated by screen printing on alumina and SrTiO₃ substrates. Conditions for optimum superconductivity behaviour of the films have been established.T _c ^onset varies from 90–94 K for all the films but zero resistance was observed only in a few cases.     

Temperature dependent luminescence in (Eu, Dy) doped tellurite glass

This short paper reports both the photoluminescence and the lifetime measurements of a prominent emission transition (⁵D₀→⁷F₂) of Eu³⁺ both in the presence and absence of the codopant rare earth ion (Dy³⁺) in an optical glass of the composition (79−x)TeO₂+6AlF₃+15LiF+xLn₂O₃ as a function of temperature down to 10 K.     

Synthesis and characterization of Dy(OH)3 and Dy2O3 nanotubes

Dy(OH)3 nanotubes with high aspect ratios of up to about 50 were synthesized in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) via a hydrothermal method. Poly(ethylene glycol), as a nonionic surfactant, plays an important role in the formation of morphologies. Subsequent thermal treatment of Dy(OH)3 nanotube precursors at 450 degrees C for 6 h led to Dy2O3 nanotubes, during which the precursor tubular morphology was maintained. Selected-area electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveal the single-crystal nature of the Dy(OH)3 and Dy2O3 nanotubes. The morphologies and crystalline structure of the as-obtained products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. By this method, we can obtain a mass of products.