轻油球罐的安全设计评定

以某采油厂天然气处理站改扩建工程轻油球罐的设计为例,从减少焊缝长度、方便钢板的供货尺寸、满足球壳板的整体刚度及保障球罐安全运营等角度出发,采用了一种有别于其他文献中所规定的新的球壳型式,确定了球壳的分带数和各带球壳的分瓣数。针对这种新结构型式下球壳板的具体几何关系,总结、提炼出各球壳板几何尺寸的计算公式;进一步结合具体参数,计算得出各几何尺寸的数值。将计算结果与其他文献的相应数据进行比较,验证了新的球壳结构型式的优越性。     

球形贮罐壳板几何尺寸的计算方法

在设计阶段球壳板几何尺寸按几何法计算很繁锁且易错,现介绍一种用解析几何原理的球壳板几何尺寸的计算方法,只要求得壳板待测点的三维座标,很易算出按GB12337-90标准要求的壳板弦长和弧长。该方法简单、快速、准确。     

球形贮罐壳板几何尺寸的计算方法

在设计阶段球壳板几何尺寸按几何法计算很繁锁且易错，现介绍一种用解析几何原理的球壳板几何尺寸的计算方法，只要求得壳板待测点的三维座标，很易算出按ＧＢ１２３３７－９０标准要求的壳板弦长和弧长。该方法简单、快速、准确。     

某终端处理厂原油储罐检测评估

采用系列检测方法与储罐结构有限元评估相结合的方式对原油储罐的腐蚀情况和整体现状进行评估。评估结果表明:罐体外观、结构及几何尺寸满足安全使用的要求,罐体涂层、阴极保护系统对罐体保护作用良好,罐体内外结构无损探伤、硬度、厚度符合安全要求,总体认为原油储罐状况良好。     

混合式排板球罐的下料计算

精确的球壳瓣片的下料尺寸计算是设计制造球罐的重要一环。本文按球壳瓣片的空间几何线形指导给出了混合式排板的球罐的下料尺寸计算公式,并编制了计算机程序,可为压制精确的球壳瓣片提供必要的下料尺寸。     

带几何缺陷拱顶罐球壳的稳定性分析

罐顶失稳是拱顶罐失效的主要因素之一。采用ANSYS软件中的APDL语言对带几何缺陷罐顶的稳定性进行了有限元分析,获得了罐顶的临界失稳载荷,同时在内压作用下对其进行了应力应变分析。通过研究罐顶不同结构尺寸对其承载外载荷能力的影响发现,筋板高度和筋板厚度对加筋球壳承载外载荷能力的影响较为显著;当筋板的高厚比大于35时,罐顶的临界外压力显著下降。模拟结果可为拱顶罐的设计、安全使用以及现场修复提供一定的理论依据。     

大厚度3000m~3乙烯球罐球壳板制造工艺

介绍了大厚度(66mm) 09MnNiDR钢制三带十柱混合式3 000m~3乙烯球罐球壳板的制造工艺,通过工艺改进和创新,最终获得了理想的球壳板成形尺寸,达到现场安装一次性演装合格的效果。     

3000m~3球罐球壳板的优化

本文介绍了球壳板的尺寸计算和平面下料展开计算方法,在标准混合式球壳结构的基础上,提出了3000m3球罐一种优化排板三带球壳结构,并对其焊缝长度,球壳板块数,材料利用率,钢板采购板幅等进行了分析比较,实践证明三带优化球壳结构具有明显优势。     

球壳板坡口形式及几何尺寸的探讨

本文介绍了球壳板复验中发现的坡口设计和几何尺寸问题,这些问题可能影响焊接质量和球罐组对间隙。同时提出了相应的解决措施,保证了球罐安装的顺利进行。     

螺旋扭曲扁管换热器传热与流阻性能试验研究

对4种不同结构的螺旋扭曲扁管换热器的管程和壳程传热与流阻性能进行了试验研究,并和采用圆管作为换热管的弓形折流板换热器进行了比较,根据试验数据回归出反映螺旋扭曲扁管换热器管程和壳程传热与流阻特性的关联式。研究结果表明,螺旋扭曲扁管换热器管程与壳程都有较好的强化传热性能,螺旋扭曲扁管的几何尺寸和流体Re对其管、壳程传热与流阻性能有重要影响。     

装备维修用带锈底漆的筛选

通过温度试验、盐雾试验、交变湿热试验和耐腐蚀试验考察了4种带锈底漆分别与S04-60面漆组成的涂层体系在简单处理后的铁锈板和铝锈板上的性能。试验结果表明,H53-32环氧带锈防锈底漆和S04-60丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆配套性良好,其涂层体系在两种基材上的初始附着力均为2级,高温贮存、低温贮存、温度冲击、盐雾试验后外观及附着力均无明显变化,交变湿热试验后外观完好,铁板附着力3级,铝板附着力2级,耐腐蚀试验时间均超过720 h,综合性能最佳,可以用作装备维修时的铁基材和铝基材的防护底漆。     

Numerical study on notched steel plate with center hole strengthened by CFRP

Steel members could be damaged and fail to fulfill the requirements of safety after long-term service. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strengthening turns out to be an excellent method for prolonging its service life. The strengthening technique has been extensively studied in recent decades, however, few researchers concerned about the simulation of steel plates with center hole strengthened by CFRP. Therefore, its mechanical performance was investigated numerically in this study. The numerical results were compared with the experimental results and an acceptable agreement was reached, which verified the validity of the numerical model. A parametric study was conducted, in which the interfacial stress distribution change with CFRP elastic modulus, thickness and strengthening form was analyzed. For fully covered CFRP strengthening, increasing of elastic modulus and thickness of CFRP plates can enhance the stiffness of steel plates, however, it has insignificant effect on debonding load and obvious decrease on ultimate load. While the partially covered CFRP bonding strengthening can also upgrade the stiffness with CFRP elastic modulus and thickness, the effect to both of debonding load and ultimate load is minimal.     

波纹管换热器若干设计问题的分析

通过对波纹管换热器设计过程中遇到的一系列有别于普通列管换热器的技术问题,如管板设计计算、膨胀节的设置分析、折流板间距与厚度、波纹管的稳定性以及技术要求等结构设计计算与使用要求问题进行分析,得到了较为完整的一套波纹管换热器的结构设计方法。     

超音速火焰喷涂316L不锈钢涂层在零件尺寸修复中的应用

为了解决装备核心零部件因磨损、消除腐蚀等带来的尺寸超差问题,制作超音速火焰喷涂316L不锈钢涂层性能试样,对试样涂层的形貌、硬度、耐蚀性开展试验检测研究。结果表明,涂层具有与25Cr3MoA接近的硬度和比30CrMnSiNi2A更好的耐蚀性能。由此,提出采用超音速火焰喷涂316L不锈钢涂层进行零件尺寸修复,制定了可行的修理方案和技术路线,确定了修理工序和参数,形成了相关技术文件,用于指导零件尺寸修复,并在油泵轴和肩轴两类零件上成功应用和装机验证,其性能良好,质量安全。     

INEOS电解槽极盘修复改造方案

分析INEOS电解单元槽阳极盘密封面泄漏的原因是:极盘的密封面和极网厚度不足1 mm。经密封面镀钯、处理漏点、平整极网、加入支撑条,修复阳极盘,解决了极网变形和密封面的腐蚀泄漏问题。     

Fire tests of steel-to-timber connections with high fire resistance

This paper presents the results of twenty-one fire tests on unprotected steel-to-timber connections with dowel-type fasteners and one or two slotted-in steel plates. The experimental results of this type of connections available in existing studies have been mostly limited to a fire resistance duration of 60 min. The tests performed in this study target a significant increase of fire resistance to reach 90 and 120 min. Two configurations of connections with one and two slotted-in steel plates, i.e., two or four shear planes, were tested. The temperatures were measured at different locations in the wood members and along the steel plates. Two load levels for fire tests were determined on the basis of tests performed at ambient temperature. The experimental results show that the specimens proposed for steel-to-timber connections with dowel-type fasteners are suitable for achieving fire resistance of 90 and 120 min.     

丙烯储罐在三种工况下的有限元分析

根据JB4732-1995分析设计标准来确定储罐壳体的厚度,在进行储罐分析设计计算时,考虑了四种载荷工况:工作载荷工况、设计载荷工况、液压试验载荷工况和地震载荷工况。由于设计载荷工况相比工作载荷工况压力更高,出于安全及简化方面考虑,不对工作载荷工况进行计算,所以分别对后面三种载荷工况进行有限元分析设计计算,再由设计标准来确定应力分类与评定,最后分析得到壳体的厚度满足结构要求。在储罐结构制造完成之后,进行水压试验,结果符合强度要求。     

Advanced antistatic/anticorrosion coatings prepared from polystyrene composites incorporating dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid‐doped SiO2@polyaniline core–shell microspheres

We present the preparation of advanced antistatic and anticorrosion coatings of polystyrene (PS) incorporating a suitable amount of dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA)‐doped SiO₂@polyaniline (SP) core–shell microspheres. First, aniline‐anchored SiO₂ (AS) microspheres that were about 850 nm in diameter were synthesized using the conventional base‐catalyzed sol–gel process with tetraethyl orthosilicate in the presence of N‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]aniline. SP core–shell microspheres were then synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomers with ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent in the presence of the AS microspheres. The polyaniline shell thickness of the as‐prepared core–shell microspheres was estimated to be about 120 nm. The AS and SP microspheres were further characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. The as‐synthesized DBSA‐doped SP core–shell microspheres were then blended into PS using N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone as solvent and then cast onto a cold–rolled steel (CRS) electrode to obtain antistatic and anticorrosion coatings with a thickness of about 10 µm. The corrosion protection efficiency of the as‐prepared coating materials on the CRS electrode was investigated using a series of systematic electrochemical measurements under saline conditions. The enhanced corrosion protection ability of the PS/SP composite coatings may be attributed to the formation of a dense passive metal oxide layer induced by the redox catalytic effect of the polyaniline shell of the as‐synthesized core–shell microspheres, as evidenced by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis and SEM observations. Moreover, the PS composite coating containing 10 wt% of the SP core–shell microspheres showed an electrical resistance of about 3.65 × 10⁹Ω cm^?2, which meets the requirements for antistatic applications. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

液晶显示器外壳的叠层式模具设计

分析了液晶显示器外壳前面板框和后盖的结构特点及工艺要求，介绍了该叠层式注射模具的结构、工作过程以及结构设计要点。经生产验证，该叠层式注射模具结构设计合理、可靠，制品尺寸一致性好，模具费用降低30％，成型效率提高一倍。     

刚性光纤元件芯皮玻璃的酸溶性

五个系统玻璃试样置于不同酸溶液中浸泡不同时间,然后测量其浸泡前后厚度、重量及分光光谱透过率。结果表明:玻璃的酸溶性与时间、温度和酸浓度以及玻璃的组成有关;碱硼硅酸盐和铅硅酸盐玻璃在酸或碱溶液中浸泡后几乎无变化,适于作微通道板和凹陷面板皮玻璃;镧硼硅酸盐、镧钡硼硅酸盐和镧钡硼酸盐玻璃在酸溶液中有不同程度的重量损失。只要选用合适的酸溶液配方,就能设计出相应的微通道板和凹陷面板芯玻璃。