硫代双烯镍螯合型红外染料的合成

合成成功三个吸收波长在近红外城（１１００￣１２７５ｎｍ）的硫代双烯镍螯合物，其结构为〔ＲＣＳＣＳＲ〕２Ｎｉ，Ｒ为取代苯基。染料Ａ的Ｒ取代基为：对－Ｎ－乙基－Ｎ－苄基苯胺；染料Ｂ的Ｒ取代基为：对－Ｎ－乙基－Ｎ－（２－甲氧基）乙基苯胺；染料Ｃ的Ｒ取代基为：久洛尼定。     

硫代双烯镍螯合型红外染料的合成

合成成功三个吸收波长在近红外域（１１００～１２７５ｎｍ）的硫代双烯镍螯合物，其结构为〔ＲＣＳＣＳＲ〕２Ｎｉ，Ｒ为取代苯基。染料Ａ的Ｒ取代基为：对－Ｎ－乙基－Ｎ－苄基苯胺；染料Ｂ的Ｒ取代基为：对－Ｎ－乙基－Ｎ－（２－甲氧基）乙基苯胺；染料Ｃ的Ｒ取代基为：久洛尼定（ｊｕｌｏｌｉｄｉｎｅ）。     

新型系列红外调Q及锁模激光染料

一个新型系列红外染料（ＲＣＳＣＳＲ＇）Ｎｉ合成成功（Ｒ、Ｒ＇为苯基或苯的取代基），其最大吸收波长为８３５～１４４５ｎｍ。其中一些染料作了激光调Ｑ及锁模试验，结果表明对Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ（１．０６４μｍ）、Ｎｄ：ＹＡＰ（１．０７９μｍ、１．３４μｍ）激光均能获得满意效果。调Ｑ及锁模的脉宽分别为４～８ｎｓ及３０～９０ｐｓ。     

新型不对称吡喃Weng方酸菁染料的晶体结构

通过缓慢挥发溶剂法得到一种不对称吡喃Ｗｅｎｇ方酸菁染料的单晶，测定了其晶体结构。其晶系为三斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ１，ａ＝０．９２２８（４），ｂ＝１．４１２２（６），ｃ＝０．６１２４（３）ｎｍ，α＝９３．９７（４），β＝９８．１４（５），γ＝７１．０５（４），Ｖ＝０．７４７０（６）ｎｍ＾３，Ｚ＝１。用晶体结构数据解释了此不对称染料的＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ谱。     

可录型光盘（CD—R）中染料膜层的光谱性质和光学特性

本文利用光在多层膜介质中的传播模型,计算了可录型光盘中染料媒体的光学特性。表明在适合于ＣＤ－Ｒ光盘记录的７８０ｎｍ波长处,由于多层膜中光的干涉作用,样品反射率随薄膜的厚度变化发生振荡。振荡的幅度和周期依赖于染料薄膜的复数折射率。     

Che吨染料与反应束体系中CdS的光敏电子转移

用ＡＯＴ／异烷／水反胶束体系制备出了不同尺寸大小的纳米ＣｄＳ，并以曙红和孟加拉玫瑰红为探针分子，研究了它们与硫化镉微粒间的光致电荷转移相互作用，用光照实验和ＥＳＲ技术研究了这些染料向ＣｄＳ的导带注入电子 的过程并讨论了作用机理。     

阴离子对染料增感作用的影响

通过地含有不同阴离子的３，３′，９－三乙基－４，５，４′，５′－二苯并硫碳菁染料的乳剂试验，研究了染料阴离子对感光度，染料的聚集态，增感峰和增感范围，染料吸附等温线和电子顺磁共振（ＥＳＲ）信号的影响。     

高浓度染料废水的预处理

碱性品红，酸性媒介藏青ＲＲＮ，酸性媒介红Ｓ－８０，三种染料废水均具有高ＣＯＤｃｒ、高色度、人机物含复杂且 被微生物降解等特点，本实验所用三种染料废水混合后ＣＯＤｃｒ然后按１０：１：１的比例混合，经两级混凝沉淀后，其ＣＯＤｃｒ降至５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右，色度降至４０００倍左右。并对其进一步处理做了有意义的尝试。     

SnO2-TiO2复合颗粒的形态结构及其光催化降解染料溶液的研究

采用均匀沉淀法在超细ＴｉＯ２表面包覆ＳｎＯ２,制备ＳｎＯ２－ＴｉＯ２复合颗粒,利用ＴＥＭ、ＥＤＳ、ＸＲＤ、ＢＥＴ比表面积等电点（ｐＨ２ｐｃ）测试等手段颗粒进行表征,结果表明复合颗粒由锐钛相ＴｉＯ２和四方晶系ＳｎＯ２组成,复合颗粒粒度为２５－３５ｎｍ、ＳｎＯ２包覆尺寸为０．５－１０ｎｍ,颗粒ＢＥＴ比表面积为４５．７ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１、ｐＨｚｐｃ为６．３。以该复合颗粒为催化剂,光催化降解偶氮染料活性艳红Ｘ－３Ｂ溶液,研究了染料初始浓度、催化剂浓度、氧气流量,ＰＨ值等对染料脱色率的影响。     

一种中位含氯取代环己烯桥环三碳菁红外染料的合成及表征

以缩合剂２ 氯 １ 甲酰基 ３ 羟亚甲基环己烯、２ 亚甲基 １,３,３ 三甲基吲哚啉和碘化钾等为原料,通过在缩合的同时进行吲哚啉的季胺化反应,以６２．５％的收率合成了１,３,３,１’,３’,３’ 六甲基 １１ 氯 １０,１２ 亚丙基三碳菁红外染料,并采用熔点测定、元素分析、ＩＲ及１Ｈ ＮＭＲ分析确证了产物的结构。该染料的电子吸收光谱表明,它的最大吸收波长为７７４ｎｍ,最大摩尔消光系数为２．７×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。该染料易溶于二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、乙腈和醇类等溶剂中。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。