YG801型伸缩比率计在防缩整理机上的应用

织物“缩水”的稳定性,是评定织物质量的重要指标之一。采用机械预缩整理法,使织物预缩后达到降低缩水率的要求。织物的预缩效果是以织物预缩前后的缩率来衡量。织物预缩率的多少和三辊橡毯预缩装置的橡毯厚度和张力、进布加压辊和加热承压辊之间的间隙、加热承压辊的直径和温度、织物含湿率及车速等因素都有密切关系。由于影响织物预缩率的参数颇多,要了解经调整某参数后,预缩率的变化情况必须进行人工测定。     

国外简讯

机械预缩机的新一代弹性橡胶毯 据法国Rollin SA公司报道,其提供用于机械预缩机的TOP Shrink弹性橡胶毯具有使用寿命长,性能稳定,耐弯耐压,外观不易变形等优点。 织物机械预缩的均匀性和规一性,很大程度上取决于织物本身的性质和采用的预缩方法、预缩机和弹性橡胶毯。 织物在湿热状态下,通过弹性橡胶毯粘附性能的连接作用,使经纬密度增加,实现机械预缩。然后当织物离开预缩机时,即刻烘干,使缩率永久固定。机械预缩还能改善织物的外观,如光泽和手感。 预缩过程可以分成二个主要步骤进行,预缩阶段,通过橡胶毯挤压,使织物预缩;热固阶段,通过橡胶毯和加热转鼓作用使织物缩率固定。 预缩的产生是由于弹性橡胶毯的挤压作用,降低了织物的运行速度,另一方面,使织物的纱线均匀滑移。     

韩国PK—1800—2型预缩机的应用探讨

着重介绍了韩国丰光公司生产的ＣｏｍｆｉｔＰＫ—１８００－２型预缩机的工作机理及其独有的特点。以织物后整理的角度分析了此机台整理后织物的预缩、手感、光泽性，用图解的方法分析了织物的预缩机理及压力对预缩的影响。     

牛仔布的预缩整理与回伸的研讨

通过对织物缩水机理的讨论,介绍防止织物缩水的预缩方法和橡胶毯预缩机预缩的原理。并针对橡胶毯预缩后存在的长度回伸和使用过程中裤缝扭转问题,提出解决办法。给针对制定工艺和织物标准提供参考和帮助。     

针织物汽蒸式预缩机的设计原理

服装材料在加工制作过程中，经过织造、精炼、染色、整理等各种理化处理，由于在各道工序中所受的强烈的机械张力，导致织物内部存在着不同的应力和其它病疵，这种情况若在制作服装前不加以消除，将会不同程度地影响服装产品的形态稳定性、穿着性能等。预缩整理正是消除和纠正这种影响的一种必要的工序，预缩机是具有对织物预缩整理功能的机械。预缩机的种类很多，通常有机械式的预缩机（如橡胶毯式、呢毯式、挤缩式等）；汽蒸式预缩机；超声波水汽雾化预缩机以及冷冻蒸发预缩机等。前一种预缩机（机械式）使用比较多，后两种预缩机由于结构…     

影响织物预缩率的重要因素分析

介绍了橡毯预缩机的预缩原理,着重分析影响织物预缩率的因素。     

橡毯式防缩机理论预缩率分析计算

本文论述了椽毯式防缩机的预缩机理以及推导了织物预缩率的计算公式;分析了影响织物预缩率的橡毯厚度、加压辊直径与承压辊直径各参数之间的关系。文章也述及了各种不同穿布路线下的收缩效果以及欲得到良好预缩率的操作要求和织物的前处理条件。     

预缩原理及要素分析

在分析橡毯预缩原理的基础上，进一步分析了影响预缩效果的六个要素，对织物防缩课题进行了有益的探索。     

郑州纺机厂预缩机的研制开发情况

郑州纺机厂预缩机的研制开发情况陆伟光（郑州纺织机械厂）棉布织物的橡胶毯预缩机最初由美国桑福赖士公司（ｓａｎｆｏｒｉｚｅ）在１９３０年首先推出，至今已有半个多世纪了。其工艺原理是织物先经给湿，使其达到透芯程度，一般含水率控制在１２～１４％左右（视织物原...     

LMA452型预缩机在线监控系统应用分析

郑州纺机研制生产的LMA452型预缩机实现了对影响织物预缩率稳定性的相关工艺参数如温度、湿度、张力等进行在线监控,提高了织物预缩率稳定性,并提高了机器的综合性能和综合效益。     

牛仔布超级防缩整理

介绍了用国产染整单机台设备，对牛仔布等厚织物进行防缩整理的生产工艺；探讨了橡胶毯预缩的原理和影响预缩效果的因素。     

Kinetische Feuchteverformungsmessungen an chemisch modifiziertem Holz

Kinetic measurements of the swelling and shrinking of untreated and chemically-modified wood in the transverse plane were carried out in order to investigate the influence of various polarities and the volume of the introduced molecular group on the process of swelling and shrinking over time. To achieve this end, the hydroxyl groups of the wood were substituted with relatively small, but weakly polarized molecular groups, with significantly larger and strongly polarized molecular groups and with larger and weakly polarized molecular groups, and the degree of esterification was determined quantitativelly. It was found that the speed of swelling and shrinking is functionally dependent on the quality and kinetic characteristics of the function groups used. The decrease in the specific rate of shrinking and swelling, which is dependent on the sorptionally active molecular groups, follows the pattern: hydroxyl, acetyl, dibasic phthaloyl and monomethylphthaloyl groups. The relative, transverse deformation energy is used as a measure for the dimensional stabilization. This allows a quantitative evaluation of the above-mentioned modifications not only among themselves, but also as opposed to untreated wood. The mechanism of dimensional stabilization due to the modifications used is discussed with special reference to the dimensional stabilization due to the retardation effect. The influence of the function groups introduced into the wood on the kinetics of the shrinking and swelling anisotropy is studied, and a hyptothesis regarding the mechanism of anisotropy is made.     

熨烫工艺影响不同面料服装造型的量化研究

应用传统的推归拨熨烫技术,在相应的温度、湿度、压力、时间、冷却方式等条件下,根据人体起伏变化及省缝的服用要求设计实验。对常用的天然纤维、合成纤维、混纺纤维等11种不同面料,在人体相应的尺寸设计量下进行熨烫,并对其变化结果进行分析,得出了天然纤维面料因其自身良好的特性,在测试中只要控制好基本参数,拨开和归进效果良好,同时面料的长短变化对推归拨的空间量也有一定的影响,也说明了天然纤维面料通过归拨后在满足人体立体服用需要时有很好的表现,并通过实例得到了证明。合成纤维面料弹性好,吸湿性差,纱线间摩擦因数小,推归拨保形时间短暂,还须加大熨烫时的工艺参数以达到良好的效果。混纺纤维具有2种纤维的长处,保形良好。当然在熨烫时归拨的量化大小还要紧密地和人体骨骼、肌肉相联系,做到有的放矢。     

有机硅防缩剂在羊毛制品防缩整理中的应用

羊毛制品的毡缩特性,给服用和销售带来了很大的影响,因此,如何提高羊毛制品的可机洗性尤为重要和迫切.文章探讨了羊毛防毡缩的几种方法,介绍了有机硅防缩剂的防缩机理和特点.通过在不同织物上采用不同的防缩整理工艺,并对防缩效果进行测试对比,说明有机硅防缩剂在羊毛防缩整理中具有较明显的效果,研究和开发有机硅防缩剂也具有较好的市场前景和价值.     

真空包装羊肉货架期初步研究

研究了真空包装和热缩处理对冷却羊肉货架期的影响,结果表明,真空包装羊肉的货架期可达25d,热缩处理可延长冷却肉的货架期。     

新一代非接触式皮革收缩温度检测仪的开发与研制

在分析了前两代皮革收缩温度检测仪使用过程中存在的不便,及影响系统测量精度的一些主要因素的基础上,提出了一种基于霍尔传感器的非接触式检测皮革受热而引起形变的新方法,并最终据此开发和研制成功了新一代的非接触式皮革收缩温度检测仪。样机的使用结果证明:该仪器不仅能有效地保证皮革收缩温度的检测要求,而且围绕检测实际操作过程进行设计,实现了仪器结构紧凑合理、操作简单、工作效率提高4倍以上的目标。     

处理时间和介质对PET/PTT长丝性能的影响

温度场下,后处理时间和介质会影响PET/PTT长丝的卷曲显现。PET/PTT长丝在不同温度处理的前5 min内,其卷曲收缩率基本可达到全部收缩率的80%~90%,此后变化缓慢,且温度越高,达到平衡需要的时间越短。温度场下,水分子促进了纤维内大分子链的解取向作用。在松弛和小张力条件下,水分子对分子链运动的促进作用大于小张力的限制作用,湿态处理条件下纤维的解取向增加,利于卷曲显现;当张力增加到一定程度时,则相反。相同处理时间下,经沸水处理的PET/PTT长丝的卷曲收缩率和卷曲伸长率分别比在100℃烘箱里处理的高出10.2%和131.9%。     

Production of Weep in Packaged Refrigerated Beef

The effect of storage conditions on the production of natural exudate (weep) in packaged refrigerated beef was analyzed. The influence of temperature (0° and 4°C), storage time, characteristics of flexible plastic film used in packaging (permeability and heat shrinking), and area per unit volume of meat cut were determined in semitendinosus and L. dorsi muscle. Heat shrinking of the film reduced release of weep, and this effect became more important when temperature increased; at 0°C and 4°C percentage of weep represented 68% and 51% of the values corresponding to nonshrinking condition. Weight of exudate was correlated to equivalent area of the meat pieces and a linear relationship was established between percentage of weep and equivalent area per unit volume of sample.     

Influence of heat shrink treatments on the onset of clostridial “blown pack” spoilage of vacuum packed chilled meat

Storage trials were conducted to determine if short duration high temperature treatments applied in commercial heat shrinking of vacuum barrier packs affect the onset of clostridial blown pack spoilage. Spore suspensions of six significant gas producers were used: Clostridium estertheticum NCIMB 12511, and five local psychrotolerant clostridial isolates. Beef striploins, pH 5.5 and 6.0, were cut into steaks and placed into vacuum pouches. Duplicate pouches were inoculated with each test spore suspension for each meat pH/heat treatment/storage temperature combination. After vacuum packaging and heat shrinking, packs were stored at −1.5, 1 or 4°C. Based on time to first-phase gas production (small bubbles in drip), the test strains were considered statistically as representing two groups. With both groups, post-packaging heat treatment had a significant effect on time to gas production. Mean times, pooled for the three storage temperatures, to gas production with Group A were 49, 39, 36 and 35 days for the no heat, 70, 80 and 90°C treatments, respectively. With Group B these times were 77, 42, 39 and 36 days, respectively. Post-packaging heat shrink treatments of vacuum packaged meat accelerate the onset of Clostridium spp. mediated blown pack spoilage during chilled storage. Possible mechanisms for accelerated onset of blown pack spoilage following heat shrinking of vacuum packs are discussed.     

织物结构对PBT/PET复合纤维收缩性的影响

测试了PBT/PET复合纤维及其不同密度织物的沸水收缩率 ,并比较长丝与织物收缩率的差异 ,分析织物结构对复合纤维收缩性能的影响。