Crystallization Behavior and Magnetic Properties of （Fe0.6Co0.4）86Hf7B6Cu1 Alloy

(Fe0.6Co0.4)86HfTB6Cu1 nanocrystalline alloy obtained in isothermal annealing process from amorphous precursor was investigated as candidate of soft magnetic materials for high temperature applications. Co substitution for Fe can enhance the curie temperature of amorphous alloy (Tc = 630℃) and improve the magnetization of nanocrystalline alloy at high temperature ( ≈ 1.56T at 550℃). After annealing amorphous precursor at 550℃ for 1 hour, the optimum nanocrystalline alloy can be obtained which shows the local minimum coercivity ( ≈ 16 A/m). The coercivity increases with the increase of annealing temperature corresponding to the formation of ferromagnetic phase in the secondary crystallization. Furthermore, additions of Hf and B elements reduce the melting temperature of the alloy studied comparing with the Fe-Co binary alloy.     

大块非晶Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)合金在晶化过程中磁粘滞行为的研究

通过铜模吸铸法制备出了Nd_(60)Fe_(20)Co_(10)Al_(10)大块非晶合金,研究了该合金在晶化过程中的结构与磁性能,并利用等待时间法研究了其在晶化过程中的磁粘滞行为,结果表明:在453~783 K温度退火时,合金的磁性能变化不大。当退火温度高于783 K时,合金的剩余磁化强度(M_r)、饱和磁化强度(M_s)和矫顽力(_iH_c)的值均急剧降低,在803K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。当合金在703和753 K退火后,合金的激活体积v_a和激活直径Da的数值变化不大,而合金的扰动场H_f则呈现先上升后下降的现象,并且在703 K时达到最大值,这是因为703 K样品中存在的亚稳相造成了扰动场的增加。此外,还讨论了这些微观磁性参数与合金宏观磁性能的关联性。     

Fe基非晶及纳米晶合金的制备和电化学腐蚀行为

分别采用单辊甩带法和非晶晶化退火法制备出非晶及纳米晶合金Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Cu1;利用DSC、XRD和TEM对该非晶合金的晶化行为进行了分析;并用电化学极化曲线的方法和电化学阻抗技术研究了该非晶合金经不同温度退火后在1mol/LHCl溶液里的电化学腐蚀行为。结果表明,该非晶合金的晶化过程出现2个阶段。当退火温度为500℃时,合金尚未晶化,仍保持非晶态;当温度达到550℃时,出现了晶化衍射峰,晶粒平均直径约13nm;当温度达到600℃时,晶粒平均直径约为15nm。经过退火得到的纳米晶合金的腐蚀电位大于未退火的非晶,且阳极电流密度变得更低,表明纳米晶状态时的耐腐蚀性能比非晶状态的更好。该非晶合金未退火、550℃退火和600℃退火时的EIS均由单一容抗弧构成,具有一时间常数;且随着退火温度升高,电化学反应电荷转移电阻在增大。     

Thermal stability and magnetic properties of Co–Fe–Hf–Ti–Mo–B bulk metallic glass

A new ferromagnetic Co–Fe–Hf–Ti–Mo–B bulk metallic glass was produced by copper mould casting method, using industrial raw materials. The magnetic properties were studied with the high-performance hysteresis loop tracer. The low coercivity, as low as 2 A/m for the as-cast sample, was found in the Co–Fe-based metallic glass rod with a diameter of 1.5 mm, the saturation magnetization is 0.6 T. The thermal stability was characterized by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction was used to confirm the amorphous state of as-cast alloy and to perform the structural analysis of crystallization products. Crystallization temperature exceeding 900 K and supercooled liquid region of 35 K were found in the investigated glass. The high glass forming ability was explained by the slow nucleation rate of intermetallic compounds which are structurally complex in multicomponent system during solidification. High crystallization temperature suggests that the studied bulk metallic glass could be used as high-temperature soft magnetic material.     

Magnetic properties and microstructure of nanocrystalline soft magnetic Fe73.5−x Co x Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloys

The influence of the annealing temperature, cooling rate, and magnetic field frequency in thermomagnetic treatment on the magnetic parameters of nanocrystalline Fe_73.5?x Co _x Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ (x=0, 10, 20, and 30) alloys has been investigated. It has been revealed that a thermomagnetic treatment in a dc magnetic field of the nanocrystalline alloys containing cobalt leads to a shift of their hysteresis loop. With increasing Co content in the alloy, the shift of the hysteresis loop increases. This fact is, apparently, connected with the precipitation of α-Co and β-Co clusters and (Fe,Co)₃Si and (Fe,Co)₂B nanophases in which the magnetization direction is determined by the direction of the magnetic field during treatment.     

Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4大块非晶合金晶化过程中磁性及微观结构的研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4大块非晶合金,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了该合金晶化过程中磁性及微观结构的变化。结果表明,铸态下合金表现为明显的硬磁性,在765 K退火后,合金中有少量晶态相产生,内禀矫顽力和饱和磁化强度略有下降。随着退火温度升高,合金中晶态相的相对含量逐渐增加,非晶相的相对含量逐渐减少,饱和磁化强度逐渐降低,但其内禀矫顽力变化不大。810 K退火后,合金完全晶化,铁磁性消失。结合合金的磁性能、微观结构、铁磁交换耦合作用的结果分析,Nd基大块非晶合金的矫顽力来源于合金中非晶相,但非晶相的相对含量却对矫顽力影响不大,这可以用强钉扎机制进行解释。     

Co含量对FeCoPB非晶合金软磁性能和弯曲韧性的影响

采用熔体旋淬的方法制备了Fe Co含量达到87 at%Fe-Co-P-B系非晶合金薄带,研究了金属元素Co对Fe-Co-P-B系非晶合金的形成能力、软磁性能和弯曲韧性的影响规律。该合金系具有高的饱和磁化强度1.75～1.84 T,且热处理后薄带仍具有良好的弯曲韧性。添加Co元素后,提高了合金的居里温度,矫顽力升高。对薄带样品施加12 MPa的拉应力,合金的矫顽力由12.8 A/m降低到6.5 A/m。因此,通过成分和应力的调控可以避免Fe基非晶合金热处理引起的弛豫脆性问题,为获得具有优异软磁性能和良好弯曲韧性的Fe基非晶合金提供重要途径。     

新型Y-Fe-Co-B大块非晶合金的制备与磁性能研究

用水冷铜模吸铸方法制备了最大截面直径为2mm的Y6Fe60.5Co11.5B22铁基大块非晶合金，研究了冷却速率对合金磁性能的影响，分析并计算了合金的临界冷却速率。大块Y6Fe6.5Co11.5B22非晶合金具有良好的软磁性能：其矫顽力Hc=2．53A／m，饱和磁化强度Ms=1．24T，初始磁化率明显高于相同成分的晶态合金。热稳定性分析表明，该合金具有较高的非晶形成能力，其形成非晶的临界冷却速率（Rc）约为119K／s。     

HIGH-TEMPERATURE AC MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALINE FINEMET ALLOYS WITH Co ADDITION

High-temperature AC magnetic properties for (Fe0.5Co0.5)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at various temperatures have been investigated using an impedance analyzer. Annealing temperature Ta has obvious effects on high-temperature AC magnetic properties of the alloy. The Hopkinson peak appears only in the amorphous alloy when Ta ≤ 703K. As Ta increases above 733K, the real part of the complex initial permeability μi' descends gradually, μi' decreases more slowly with temperature in the high temperature range. The high-temperature (about 750K) AC initial permeability for the alloy annealed at Ta=763K has been found to maintain a stable high value of 950 up toa frequency of～ 1 × 105Hz Partial substitution of Co for Fe in the Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy leads to an increase of around 110K of the Curie temperature of the amorphous phase, much higher than Ge-containing Finemet alloy.     

NANOCRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE AND INITIAL PERMEABILITY OF ANNEALED Fe_（73．5）Cu_1W_3Si_（13．5）B_9 Alloy

ＮＡＮＯＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＬＩＮＥＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＡＮＤＩＮＩＴＩＡＬＰＥＲＭＥＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＡＮＮＥＡＬＥＤＦｅ_（７３．５）Ｃｕ_１Ｗ_３Ｓｉ_（１３．５）Ｂ_９ＡｌｌｏｙＺＨＡＮＧＸｉａｎｇｙｉ,ＺＨＡＮＧＪｉｎｇｗｕａｎｄＺＨＥＮＧＹａｎｇｚｅ?..     

HIGH-TEMPERATURE AC MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE FINEMET ALLOYS WITH Co ADDITION

High-temperature AC magnetic properties for (Fe0.5Co0.5)73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy annealed at various temperatures have been investigated using an impedance analyzer. Annealing temperature Ta has obvious effects on high-temperature AC magnetic properties of the alloy. The Hopkinson peak appears only in the amorphous alloy when Ta ≤ 703K. As Ta increases above 733K, the real part of the complex initial permeability μi' descends gradually, μi' decreases more slowly with temperature in the high temperature range. The high-temperature (about 750K) AC initial permeability for the alloy annealed at Ta=763K has been found to maintain a stable high value of 950 up to a frequency of ~ 1 × 105Hz. Partial substitution of Co for Fe in the Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 alloy leads to an increase of around 110K of the Curie temperature of the amorphous phase, much higher than Ge-containing Finemet alloy.     

纳米晶Fe_（73．5）Cu_1Nb_3Si_（13．5）B_9合金中缺陷及内应力的分布研究

用正电子湮没技术和微观磁学方法研究了纳米晶Ｆｅ_（７３．５）Ｃｕ_（１）Ｎｂ_（３）Ｓｉ_（１３．３）Ｂ_９合金结构缺陷在退火过程中的变化规律，表明晶化初期形成的界面结构只引入少量的缺陷，晶化后期由于出现大量晶界，缺陷浓度急剧上升；非晶制备过程中以及晶化时引入的准位错偶极子造成的应力场对其软磁性能有很大的影响，并可以解释在最佳退火温度的磁性行为。     

退火温度对(Fe_(0.5)Co_(0.5))_(78.4)Si_9B_9Nb_(2.6)Cu_1软磁合金高频磁性的影响

研究了不同退火温度对(Fe_(0.5)Co_(0.5))_(78.4)Si_9B_9Nb_(2.6)Cu_1纳米晶软磁合金结构和高频磁性的影响。结果表明,在初始晶化温度455℃以上退火,在非晶基体中析出α—FeCo相。随着退火温度的升高,开始出现有序的(Fe,Co)_3Si。当退火温度高于620℃时,出现硼化物硬磁相。490℃退火后合金的初始磁导率最高可达23000,晶粒尺度为19.4 nm。在490~610℃退火,随退火温度的提高,合金复数磁导率下降,但截止使用频率提高。实验观察到该合金的磁谱曲线为驰豫型,截止使用频率f_r为3.14~5.64 MHz,明显高于Fe基纳米晶软磁合金。     

Nb对Fe-Co基合金非晶形成能力及磁性能的影响

利用铜模吸铸法制备(Fe0.5Co0.5)71-xNbxZr3Nd4B22(x=0~10)系块体合金,研究合金元素Nb的添加对该体系合金非晶形成能力(GFA)和磁性能的影响。结果表明,适当Nb的添加能有效提高合金的非晶形成能力。当Nb含量为5at%时,可获得具有完全非晶结构的块体非晶合金,该合金呈现典型的软磁性能,饱和磁化强度(Ms)为79 Am2/kg;合金的晶化温度(Tx)为957 K,晶化激活能E为538.30 kJ/mol。     

Fe44Co20Nd7Nb4B25大块非晶合金磁性及热稳定性研究

采用铜模吸铸法制备了Fe44Co20Nd7Nb4B25大块非晶合金,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了该合金的结构、非晶形成能力、热稳定性及磁性能.结果表明:该合金为完全非晶结构,在室温下表现为良好的软磁性,并具有较好的非晶形成能力和热稳定性,晶化激活能Ep为642 kJ/mol.退火后该合金表现为硬磁性,退火温度为1003 K时,内禀矫顽力iHc达到最大值,为l164kA/m;退火温度为963 K时,剩余磁感应强度研和最大磁能积(BH)max的值最大,分别为0.27 T和15.79 kJ/m3.     

Microstructure and magnetic properties of electrodeposited Gd-Co alloy films

Gd-Co alloy films were synthesized by potentiostatic electrolysis on Cu substrates in urea-acetamide-NaBr-KBr melt at 353 K. The elec- troreduction of Co2 and Gd3 was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The reduction of Co2 is an irreversible process. Gd3 cannot be re- duced alone, but it can be inductively co-deposited with Co2 . Both the Gd content and microstructure of the prepared Gd-Co alloy films can be controlled by the deposited potential. The content of Gd was analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICPES), and the microstructure was observed by scanning electron micrograph (SEM). The films were crystallized by heat-treatment at 823 K for 30 s in Ar atmosphere, and then were investigated by XRD. The hysteresis loops of the Gd-Co alloy films were measured by a vibrat- ing sample magnetometer (VSM). The experimental results reveal that the deposited Gd-Co alloy films are amorphous, while the annealing causes the samples to change from amorphous to polycrystalline, thus enhancing their magnetocrystalline anisotropy and coercivity. More- over, the magnetic properties of the Gd-Co alloy films depend strongly on the Gd content.     

脉冲磁场处理Fe52Co34Hf7B6Cu1非晶的低温真空退火效应

对Fe₅₂Co₃₄Hf₇B₆Cu₁非晶合金进行了低频磁脉冲处理,研究低温真空退火对磁脉冲处理Fe_52Co₃₄Hf₇B₆Cu₁非晶软磁性能的影响.结果表明,磁脉冲处理导致非晶合金发生纳米晶化,析出晶态相α-Fe（Co）,晶粒尺寸为5-10 nm,形成的纳米晶粒弥散分布于非晶基体的双相纳米合金中.对磁脉冲处理的试样进行低温真空退火,可以进一步优化纳米合金的软磁性能,在100℃退火可以得到最佳的软磁性能.     

熔体温度对快淬法制备纳米晶复合Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)合金微观结构和磁性能的影响

将Nd_(8.5)Fe_(77)Co_5Zr_3B_(6.5)(at%)合金熔化至不同温度后,以18 m/s的甩带速度快淬,对淬态条带进行了退火处理,分析了其微观结构和磁性能的变化。结果表明,熔体温度对淬态及其退火态合金的微观结构和磁性能可以产生重要影响,熔体温度为1210℃时制备的快淬条带由Nd_2Fe_(14)B相和部分非晶相组成,具有一定的硬磁性;随着快淬时熔体温度的升高,淬态条带中非晶相的质量分数逐渐增加,其磁性逐渐转变为软磁性。几种合金经退火处理后均由大量Nd_2Fe_(14)B相与少量软磁相组成,熔体温度较低的合金退火后其晶粒尺寸较小,磁性能较好。熔体温度为1210℃时制备的合金退火后磁性能最佳,内禀矫顽力Hci为559.2 kA/m,剩余磁化强度Br为0.98 T,最大磁能积(BH)_(max)为127.8 kJ/m~3。     

FeCuMoSiB合金穆斯堡尔谱研究

用Ｘ射线衍射技术和穆斯堡尔谱技术，研究了Ｆｅ７３．５ＣｕＭｏ３Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９合金的结构和超业细相互作用。该合金的相组成为α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）纳米晶和边界相即五余非晶相。典型纳米晶状态下的穆斯堡尔谱由５条亚谱构成，其中４条亚谱为６峰谱，对应α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）相中的４种不同环境的Ｆｅ原子。另１条亚谱对应边界处的非晶相，研究了非晶带材经５００－６００℃不同温度晶化处理后的穆斯堡尔谱特性。     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9 (x=0, 1, 2, 3)合金粉的结构与磁性

将Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9(x=0,1,2,3)合金快淬带进行高能球磨制成粉末样品,在550℃真空退火1h,研究了磁粉的相结构及磁性。结果表明,随球磨时间延长,不添加Ti的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9合金中析出晶化相的晶格常数增大。添加Ti的Fe73.5Cu1Nb3-xTixSi13.5B9(x=0,1,2,3)合金在球磨60h后再退火,可以得到单一α-Fe(Si)软磁相,且随Ti含量增大,析出晶化相的晶格常数减小,饱和磁化强度增大、矫顽力降低。