基于遥测数据相关性的航天器异常检测

基于信息技术进行星载设备的异常检测始终是空间任务安全性、可靠性领域最重要的主题。传统航天器异常检测方法的知识和模型很难自动化构建,而纯数据驱动方法会忽略系统设计知识和遥测数据本身的特性,造成先验知识的浪费。针对这些问题,提出一种基于遥测数据相关性的航天器异常检测方法。首先,给出遥测数据相关性的定义,结合量子卫星任务实例,对单维度遥测数据的6种领域相关性进行建模和向量表示;随后,提出一种遥测数据驱动进行相关性知识发现、进而将知识应用于异常检测的方法;最后,利用量子卫星数据、基于真实故障特征的模拟数据对该方法进行了验证。实验与分析结果表明:该方法能够实现航天器异常检测知识构建的自动化,且可以有效检测出遥测数据的异常。     

集成LSTM的航天器遥测数据异常检测方法

航天器作为一类集合结构、热控、电源、姿轨控等的复杂系统,遥测数据是地面判断其在轨性能的唯一依据,而有效的异常检测是保证航天器在轨可靠运行的基础要素。针对遥测数据连续、离散样本混合且样本变化高度关联于指令的数据异常检测问题,提出一种基于集成长短期记忆网络(LSTM)的航天器遥测数据异常检测方法。利用LSTM强大的非线性建模能力,结合矩阵范数实现对遥控指令的多模式挖掘,并通过多LSTM预测模型的构建以及有效集成,提升模型对于航天器复杂工况的适应性,进而有效标记遥测数据中的异常。通过对NASA公布的2个类型航天器的遥测数据进行实验验证,结果表明,与基于LSTM的遥测数据异常检测方法相比,所提出的方法异常检测率提升明显,尤其适合检测上下文类型异常。测试结果验证了方法的可行性,可为航天器地面运控提供有效的数据判读能力。     

基于聚类离群因子和相互密度的离群点检测算法

针对大多基于聚类的离群点检测算法往往需要人工输入参数,对于不同的数据集很难选择一个合适参数的问题,将无参数的基于自然邻居的离群点检测算法的自然邻居搜索算法和密度峰值聚类算法相结合,提出一种基于聚类离群因子和相互密度的离群点检测算法。该算法使用相互密度和γ密度构造决策图,将γ密度异常大的样本点作为聚类中心进行聚类,最后根据聚类的离群因子找出离群聚类边界检测离群点,该算法不需要人工输入参数。在模拟数据集和真实数据集下进行了实验,证明了所提算法能很好地进行聚类和离群数据的挖掘。     

基于高维空间聚类的集中供热末端数据异常检测

因集中供热建筑结构、住户行为习惯等差异,末端住户供暖数据具有特征差异大、非线性强、数据量大、响应时间长等特征,在原数据空间中利用聚类分析进行异常检测造成类间数据交叉,精确性无法保证。本文提出高维高斯混合聚类算法,将数据集映射到高维空间进行聚类,利用核函数映射、内积运算与高维特征空间分解等计算方法,提高精确度,规避维数灾难。搭建工业大数据分析平台,对比K-Means、高斯混合、恒虚警率、高维高斯混合算法聚类结果与异常检测精确度,本文所提算法将准确性提高到90.72%,误报率降低到5.92%,结合该算法完成4类异常用热数据集的解释与辨识。高维高斯混合聚类可以有效分析用户用热特征、检测异常数据,辅助降低采暖能耗,实现建筑节能。     

航天器遥测数据异常检测综述

航天器遥测数据是地面运管系统判断其在轨运行状态的唯一依据,其异常检测成为增强航天器在轨可靠性和安全可靠运行的重要依据。但是,遥测数据量大、维度高、参数关系复杂、专业性强的特点为高检测率、低误检率、强解释性的遥测数据异常检测实现带来严峻挑战。本文对航天器遥测数据异常检测领域进行充分的调研,阐述遥测数据异常检测内涵、方法研究及应用现状,尤其针对数据驱动的遥测数据异常检测方法体系进行了系统、详细的分析,并在此基础上归纳总体发展动态,展望未来发展方向,以此为相关研究者提供参考。     

大功率电力机车异常运行数据的检测方法研究

为了保障大功率电力机车安全稳定的运行,提出一种基于聚类-规则的异常运行数据检测方法。利用聚类算法对异常运行数据进行聚类,然后根据聚类中心获得异常运行数据的检测规则库,并由此构建检测模型,同时利用BP算法对模型参数进行优化,最终获得准确的异常运行数据检测模型。     

基于累积全熵的子空间聚类离群点检测算法

针对累积互信息方法存在的最佳聚类子空间选择不稳定和计算复杂的问题,给出累积熵的链式法则、累积全相关、累积全熵的计算方法,采用累积全熵在连续数据集上挖掘最佳聚类子空间,并在最佳聚类子空间中进行离群点挖掘,提出基于累积全熵的子空间聚类离群点检测算法。分别在真实数据集和虚拟数据集上验证了所提算法的有效性和可伸缩性。实验表明,所提算法进一步提高了子空间离群点的挖掘效率。     

用于转子故障诊断的改进小波聚类算法

为了快速准确地实现转子故障的模式识别与分类,提出了改进小波聚类方法。首先,从转子振动信号中提取峭度指标、功率谱重心和小波能谱熵三个特征向量;其次,量化特征空间,提取显著网格单元信息;然后,对显著网格单元内数据信息进行小波变换实现去噪处理;最后,应用广度优先搜索方法实现聚类。在改进小波聚类过程中,信息储存表的建立降低了空间复杂度,并使得原始数据与聚类结果建立了映射关系。应用广度优先原则搜索相邻的显著网格单元实现聚类,降低了聚类算法的复杂度。实验验证与比较说明,改进小波聚类算法能够扩展应用到高维数据空间,并且降低了高维数据空间的算法复杂度,提高了转子故障诊断的效率和正确率。     

基于聚类和距离的大数据集离群点检测算法

针对已有的基于距离的离群点检测算法在大数据集上扩展性差的问题,提出了基于聚类和距离混合的大数据集离群检测算法.算法第一阶段采用层次聚类和k-means混合的层次k-means算法对数据进行聚类,并按照一个启发式规则对其进行排序.第二阶段在聚类的结果上采用嵌套循环算法进行离群检测,并通过两个剪枝规则进行高效舅枝,减少了离群检测时数据点之间距离计算的次数.理论分析和实验结果证明了算法的可行性和效率.     

一种基于启发式的密度和网格的增量聚类算法

提出了一种基于启发式的密度和网格的增量聚类算法。通过密度和网格相结合的方法,采用启发式原理进行聚类处理,利用增量式算法只对受影响的点进行计算,可以很快得到修正后的聚类,大大提高效率。实验表明该算法能很好地处理高维数据,较传统算法效率有显著提高而且加速度较商。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.