新型含磷可溶性共聚芳酰胺的合成

以双（对-羧苯基）苯基氧化膦（BCPPO）,对苯二甲酸（TPA）和4,4′-二氨基二苯醚（ODA）为原料,通过Yamazaki膦酰化法合成聚芳酰胺。研究了反应温度、单体浓度和溶剂体系对聚合物相对分子质量的影响,确定了聚合反应的最佳工艺条件为：单体摩尔浓度为0．3mol／L,N-甲基呲咯烷酮（NMP）的用量是呲啶的3倍,聚合反应的温度为110℃。采用红外光谱对合成聚合物进行了结构表征,合成的聚芳酰胺可溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）等有机溶剂中。     

塑料合成将迈进绿色世界

正预计到2050年,全球对塑料等聚合物的需求将增加四倍,达到每年约十亿吨。然而,目前在塑料生产中使用的石化产品成本花费巨大并对环境造成了影响。近期,欧洲的研究人员报导了第一个可完全再生的聚酯的合成方法:来自意大利的里雅斯特大学的Lucia Gardossi及其团队已经通过酶催化生产出了可再生的聚酯。研究人员在研究过程中特别注意这种物质的可持续性。Gardossi说:"我们选择了糖经微生物发酵生成的生物型单体作为原材料,并将酶(一种可生物降解的蛋白质)固定在稻壳上作为聚合反应的催化剂。"除了使用     

发刊词

合成树脂及塑料是三大合成材料中产量最大、用途最广的。目前,其产量和用途还在进一步扩大。近年来,新品种树脂及塑料仍时有出现;通过各种共混改性,使已有大品种     

芳香族聚酯酰胺的合成方法研究

简述了聚芳酯和聚芳酰胺的优异特点,然而由于二者单独使用时存在某些不足,因此将二者进行共缩聚改性得到芳香族聚酯酰胺,它作为聚芳酯和聚芳酰胺的一种改性聚合物,兼有两者的优异性能;在多篇文献的基础上,综述了芳香族聚酯酰胺的几种比较常见的合成方法,低温溶液缩聚,界面缩聚,酯交换,混合法,还分别简要的剖析了几种合成方法的特点.由...     

一种耐高热的新型聚酰胺

特种聚酰胺已应用于如碳酸酯、砜、液晶聚合物和其他一些树脂等的工程耐热塑料领域。近年来,由比利时 Solvay & Cie 公司研制的聚芳酰胺引起人们观注,它已由它的子公司 SolvayPolymers,Houston 推销到北美市场。聚芳酰胺是继荷兰 DSM 几年前研制成的尼龙4/6和聚邻苯二甲酰胺之后的第三代产品。与     

Dow扩产TPU及聚醚

Dow美国塑料公司位于得克萨斯工厂的热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)生产能力最近扩大了一倍,达4.54万t/a。扩产的结果使该公司又开始向欧洲客户销售     

巴斯夫计划在中东建塑料添加剂厂

巴斯夫公司正考虑在中东建设一家塑料添加剂生产厂,并打算扩大亚洲生产能力。巴斯夫特种化学品总裁HansW．Reiners表示．巴斯夫在中东拟建的塑料添加剂厂将是该公司在中东的第一家全资塑料助剂厂．虽然目前厂址尚未最终确定。此前汽巴精化在新加坡建有一家塑料添加剂工厂．巴斯夫公司去年收购了汽巴精化后。现正在研究如何进一步扩大塑料添加剂的生产规模。     

在5m^3聚合釜中试生产稀土异戊光刻原胶

采用５ｍ＾３聚合釜进行稀土催化系合成异戊光刻原胶的试生产。试生产结果验证了中试成果。双螺带锚式搅拌器结构的聚合釜适用于稀土异戊光刻原胶的工业化生产。借聚合反应热可提高聚合反应温度，这样既降低能耗又缩短了聚合反应时间，并提高聚合釜生产能力。聚合釜的容积比中试聚合放大９倍，无明显的放在效应，且可使聚合反应操作更富于弹性。工业试生产的光刻原胶质量符合部合同要求。     

在5m~3聚合釜中试生产稀土异戊光刻原胶

采用5m~3聚合釜进行稀土催化体系合成异戊光刻原胶的试生产。试生产结果验证了中试成果。双螺带锚式搅拌器结构的聚合釜适用于稀土异戊光刻原胶的工业化生产。借聚合反应热可提高聚合反应温度,这样既降低能耗又缩短了聚合反应时间,并提高聚合釜的生产能力。聚合釜的容积比中试聚合釜放大9倍,无明显的放大效应,且可使聚合反应操作更富于弹性。工业试生产的光刻原胶质量符合部合同要求。     

MM-HPPZ/NDA/TPA聚芳酰胺的合成与性能

采用新型的含间甲基取代杂萘联苯结构的二胺2-(4-氨基苯基)-4-[2-甲基-4-(4-氨基苯氧基)卜2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮为单体,与2,6-萘二甲酸(NDA)进行溶液缩聚制备了新型聚芳酰胺,以对苯二甲酸(17PA)为第三单体对聚芳酰胺进行了共缩聚改性,并研究了TPA的含量及结构对聚芳酰胺性能的影响。n(NDA)/n（TPA)为4：6时,共聚物特性黏数最大为1．70dL/g。合成的聚芳酰胺具有良好的溶解性,可溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺等非质子极性溶剂中,玻璃化转变温度大于320℃,5％热失重温度大于435℃。     

Synthesis of succinic acid-based polyamide through direct solid-state polymerization method: Avoiding cyclization of succinic acid

Succinic acid is an important synthetic monomer but it is difficult to use it as a precursor for synthesizing high molecular weight polyamide, due to its tendency to perform intra-cyclization reaction at high temperature. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, the direct solid-state polymerization (DSSP) method with the initial reactant, nylon salt which was composed of 1, 5-diaminopentane, succinic acid, and terephthalic acid, was applied to synthesize the bio-based copolyamide PA 5T/54. In comparison with the conventional melting polymerization method, the DSSP method can prevent the cyclization reaction of succinic acid effectively due to the lower reacting temperature as well as the restriction effect of the nylon salt. As a result, the product fabricated by DSSP method has higher molecular weight and much lighter color from red to white. Therefore, the DSSP method is advantageous for the synthesis of the polymers or copolymers composed of the succinic acid as the monomer. Furthermore, the polymerization mechanism proposed in this work can serve as a guidance for the design of the molecular structure and control of the polymerization process.     

Effects of the polymerization and pervaporation operating conditions on the dehydration performance of interfacially polymerized thin‐film composite membranes

The disadvantage of dense polyamide membranes when applied in the pervaporation separation process is their low permeation rates. To improve the pervaporation performance, polyamide thin‐film composite membranes were prepared via the interfacial polymerization reaction between ethylenediamine (EDA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the surface of modified polyacrylonitrile (mPAN) membranes. These composite membranes were applied in the pervaporation separation of alcohol aqueous solutions. On the basis of the best pervaporation performance, the desired polymerization conditions for preparing the polyamide thin‐film composite membranes (EDA–TMC/mPAN) were as follows: (1) the respective concentration and contact time of the EDA aqueous solution were 5 wt % and 30 min and (2) the respective concentration of and immersion time in the TMC organic solution were 1 wt % and 3 min. The polyamide thin‐film composite membranes (EDA–TMC/mPAN) exhibited membrane durability when applied in the pervaporation separation of a 90 wt % isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution at 70°C, which indicated that the polyamide thin film composite (TFC) membranes were suitable for the pervaporation separation process at a high operating temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

High molecular weight poly(l-lactide) via ring-opening polymerization with bismuth subsalicylate–The role of cocatalysts

The catalytic potential of bismuth subsalicylate (BiSub), a commercial drug, for ring-opening polymerization of l -lactide was explored by variation of cocatalyst and polymerization time. Various monofunctional phenols or carboxylic acids, aromatic ortho-hydroxy acids, and diphenols were examined as potential cocatalysts. 2,2′-Dihydroxybiphenyl proved to be the most successful cocatalyst yielding weight average molecular weights (uncorrected M_w values up to 185,000) after optimization of reaction time and temperature. Prolonged heating (>1-2 h) depending on catalyst concentration) caused thermal degradation. In polymerization experiments with various commercial Bi(III) salts a better alternative to BiSub was not found. By means of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry a couple of unusual and unexpected transesterification reactions were discovered. Finally, the effectiveness of several antioxidants and potential catalyst poisons was explored, and triphenylphosphine was found to be an effective catalyst poison.     

Synthesis and characterization of novel water‐soluble polyesters for electrical insulation

Polyesters based on poly(alkyl anhydride), aromatic anhydrides, and polyglycols were synthesized by thermal and catalytic condensation polymerization techniques. The polymerization conditions were optimized by the variation of the monomer concentration, reaction temperature, and so on to achieve the desired properties. The reaction was monitored by the measurement of the acid values at different stages of the polymerization reaction. The water solubility of these polyesters was achieved by the termination of the reaction with the addition of ammonia. These polyester resins were characterized with IR and viscosity measurements. The electrical properties of polyester resins coated and cured on glass cloth were measured with the idea of using them as impregnating varnishes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

聚酰胺6聚合技术的最新进展与研究

介绍了最近十多年来世界聚酰胺6 (PA6)聚合器单线产能大型化、单体和低聚体全回用、高性能改性添加剂的研究和应用等PA6聚合的主要工艺和技术的最新进展,分析了实现PA6切片低成本、低消耗、高性能、高质量的主要因素和PA6聚合主要技术的发展方向.     

有机添加剂SEED在聚酰胺6改性中的应用

在己内酰胺水解聚合时加入一定量的有机添加剂N，N′-二(2.2，6.6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1.3-苯二酰胺，合成出含有添加剂SEED的改性聚酰胺6树脂，研究了改性聚酰胺6的流变性、热稳定性及染色性。实验表明：当SEED添加量为0．2％时，聚酰胺6熔体表观粘度随剪切速率的升高而下降的趋势变慢，熔体加工稳定性提高；与空白试样相比，改性聚酰胺6的初始热分解温度提高约3℃，高温(170℃、190℃)老化1h后纤维的断裂强度保留率可达80％以上，热稳定性改善；且改性树脂的端氨基含量可高达45mmol／kg，为空白试样的1．7倍，纤维的酸性染料染色上染率明显提高。改性聚酰胺6稳定性、染色性的改善，是有机添加剂SEED中特有的芳胺基和受阻哌啶基结构综合作用的结果。     

Assessment of random aromatic co‐polyamides containing two different bulky pendant groups

This work reports the synthesis and assessment of random aromatic co‐polyamides containing two different bulky pendant groups. The random aromatic co‐polyamides are synthesized combining the monomers 5‐tert‐butylisophthalic acid and 5‐(9,10‐dihydro‐9,10‐ethanoanthracene‐11,12‐dicarboximido)isophthalic acid with three different diamines. The random aromatic co‐polyamides are readily soluble and possess inherent viscosities in the range of 0.47–0.60 dL g⁻¹. Co‐polyamide dense membranes are amorphous, and flexible with both good tensile strength (56.2–57.5 MPa) and tensile modulus (1.3–1.6 GPa). Permeability coefficients of the co‐polyamide dense membranes are assessed for the gases He, O₂, N₂, CH₄, and CO₂. It is found that the combination of two bulky pendant groups, dibenzobarrelene and tert‐butyl, in the backbone of the co‐polyamides improves the gas permeability coefficient in comparison with their corresponding homopolyamides. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45884.     

Synthesis of high molecular weight poly(L‐lactic acid) via melt/solid polycondensation: Intensification of dehydration and oligomerization during melt polycondensation

Melt/solid state polycondensation (MP/SSP) is a cost‐effective route for synthesis of high molecular weight poly(L ‐lactic acid) (PLLA). However, the reaction rates in its four stages need to be enhanced greatly and the reaction times to be shortened largely before the MP/SSP technology can be industrialized. In this study, a new catalyst addition policy, i.e., adding TSA at the dehydration stage and SnCl₂·2H₂O at the MP stage, and more appropriate temperature and pressure programs were presented and applied in the MP process of LLA. The presence of TSA from dehydration appeared very effective for speeding up the dehydration and oligomerization stages as well as depressing racemization in the whole MP process. The polymerization degree (X_n) of oligomer was clearly increased, and the reaction time was shortened to a great extent. Direct using reduced pressure was also very helpful for intensifying the dehydration stage, only leading to LLA loss as little as 2%. A PLLA with M_w of 44,000 and optical purity of 96.8% suitable for subsequent SSP was produced after dehydration for 2 h, oligomerization for 2 h and MP for 4 h under appropriate conditions. And an interesting strong dependence of the M_w of final PLLA product on the X_n of the oligomer was observed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Preparation of microfiltration membranes with controlled pore sizes by interfacial polymerization on electrospun nanofibrous membranes

A facile method to prepare microfiltration membrane was proposed in this study. The method involved the interfacial polymerization of 1,6‐hexamethylene diamine and adipoyl chloride to form polyamide (nylon 6,6) on the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospun nanofibrous (ENF) membranes as the scaffold. The effects of process parameters, such as monomer concentrations, monomer coating sequence, reaction time and number of reaction cycles, on the amount of polyamide that formed were investigated. It was found that polyamide that formed by interfacial polymerization existed not only on the surface but also in the interior of the ENF membranes. A mechanism was proposed to explain the phenomenon. The pore sizes of the formed polyamide/PAN ENF membranes, ranging from 0.13 to 4.88 μm, can be controlled by the number of reaction cycles. These polyamide/PAN ENF membranes also exhibited enhanced tensile strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:430–437, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers