Reinhaltung von Luft und Wasser bei der Verarbeitung von Lacken I

Maintenance of Clean Air and Water in the Manufacture of Paints I Pollution laws, exhaust limitation of drying ovens, suitable measuring procedures etc. should enable to achieve purer exhaust air. Water pollution law aims at preventing contamination caused by detergents, by storage of heating oil and solvents, trickling chambers, cleaning of barrels, electrophoresis etc.     

Abwasser-Anfall bei der Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Lacken,Beschichtungsstoffen und deren Hilfsmitteln

Waste Water During the Production and Processing of Paints, Coatings and Their Auxiliaries Examples of water solubility are given with respect to the following groups of materials and processes: raw materials including binding agents, paints, coatings, auxiliaries, coating processes, such as ET-painting and spray chambers, waste water in the paint manufacture, dust during submerged grinding, storage of heating oil and solvents, alkali cleaning, disposable containers, and cold and hot removal of paints. Relevant directives, laws and regulations are listed.     

Fortschritte in der Welterzeugung von Rapssaaten

Progress in the World Production of Rapeseed In 1982, the acreage of rapeseed cultivation in the EEC for the first time exceeded the threshold of the one million hectares. Similar expansion of rapeseed production occurred worldwide; but in many countries the increasing interest was directed to other Brassica species, too. In three of these (B. napus, B. campestris, B. juncea) socalled 00-forms, low in erucic acid and glucosinolate content, are now available for breeding; in the further cultivable Brassica species the same quality characters undoubtedly could be obtained from corresponding screening. Progress can also be noted with respect to an improvement of the contents of polyenoic fatty acids in the rapeseed oil. Historically every introduction of a new quality trait led to reduced yields; but always after a few years selection had been effective to give higher yields than before. In future another yield increase can be expected from the development of hybrid varieties. These require a broad genetic variability; such was recently made available by resyntheses of B. napus (n =19) from its ancestral species B. oleracea (n =9) and B. campestris (n =10). Finally, high grades of disease resistance are required because of the present density of rapeseed cultivation. In this connexion, effective resistance against Phoma lingam and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has been evolved in high yielding varieties in only a few years by simple selection.     

Fortschritte bei der Modellierung von Festbettreaktoren

Progress in the modeling of fixed bed reactors. Recent work on the modeling of catalytic fixed bed reactors have led to more realistic mathematical models and to a better understanding of problems connected with modeling. Nowadays standard routine computer programs are available for use in the design (and analysis) of catalytic fixed bed reactors for very complex reaction systems. The influence of bed structure on transport parameters was illustrated by experimental determination of axial and radial concentration and temperature distribution. Moreover the problem of multicomponent diffusion coupled with complex reactions in porous catalysts has been solved and can be included in the reactor model. However, the practical application of possible reactor models is limited by the availability of transport parameters for fixed beds.     

Technische Probleme und Lösungen bei der Gewinnung von Sojaproteinen

Technical Problems and Solutions in the Recovery of Soy Proteins Soy proteins are interesting as food ingredients for economic and technical reasons. High yields per hectare, easy availability, low transport- and storage costs and low processing costs are favourable economic factors. The technical i. e. nutritional, functional and organoleptic properties influence each other. To optimize these properties for the specific applications, the proteins should be refined. The non-refined soy protein products i. e. defatted flour and textured flour have limited application. However the refined products i. e. concentrates, isolates and their textured forms, offer far better possibilities for the food industry.     

Gewinnung von Proteingranulaten aus Sonnenblumen- und Sojaschrot

Production of Protein Granulates from Sunflower and Soya Bean Meal In the development of a process of isolate production from soya bean and sunflower meal a continuous granulating drier was developed. In the submitted paper the theoretical principles of the fluidized bed drying process are presented and compared with experimental results. Because of the achieved conformity the obtained calculation model seems to be suitable for application in practice. By examination of functional and application properties of dried protein granulates it was shown that products of more favourable properties can be produced without qualitative nuisance by granulating drying. The production of protein granulates in the suggested granulating drier has a lot of economic advantages for the manager. The intensive germ reducing effect of the drier is to mark out, too that additional pasteurizing plants can escape.     

Gewinnung der Rohfette von Schlachttieren und einige Hinweise auf deren technische Bedeutung bei der Fleischwarenherstellung

Production of Crude Fats from Slaughter Animals and Its Technical Significance in the Production of Meat Products. Crude fats from slaughter animals are characterized as crude fatty tissues, which are classified according to origin (swine and cattle) and quality. Production and treatment of these fats are governed by German meat inspection and investigation laws and hygienic regulations of the individual provinces. The author considers German meat inspection laws as very positive but not the regulations that prohibit refining of animal fats. Technology for the recovery of crude fat, hygienic measures to be adopted in this connection, and cold storage are dealt with individually. Special considerations that should be made if the crude fats are meant to be used in meat products are dealt with as well.