共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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针对康达效应矢量推进器输出饱和以及矢量力矩耦合等固有推进特性,为其欠驱动的水下机器人提出一种最优等效补偿控制方法.以轨迹跟踪误差为基础,设计滑模控制器,并利用径向基神经网络和扩张状态观测器对执行器饱和以及外界扰动进行实时估计与补偿.在此基础上,最优等效补偿控制借助离散动力学方程构建关于机器人递推状态偏差的代价函数,通过在推进器推力可达集内寻求等效力矩使代价函数最小,从而不仅保证控制律满足推进器矢量力矩耦合特性,还能有效抑制机器人欠驱动方向的扰动.利用Lyapunov理论最终验证该控制方法在推进器自身特性约束下渐近稳定;仿真实验数据表明,欠驱动水下机器人在该方法控制下可实现较精确的轨迹跟踪任务且鲁棒性较强. 相似文献
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针对受外部环境干扰和输入受限影响的欠驱动水面船舶的轨迹跟踪控制问题,设计了一种带有扰动观测器的复合控制方法。首先,设计了一种快速有限时间干扰观测器(finite time disturbance observer, FTDO),并通过Lyapunov稳定性分析证明其有效性。与普通的FTDO相比,新观测器即使初始误差远离原点,也能使估计误差快速收敛到零。然后,基于快速FTDO,利用反步法设计了一种新的轨迹跟踪复合控制器,实现了水面船舶控制系统轨迹跟踪误差在有限时间内趋于零点半径任意小的邻域内。最后,通过仿真将所设计的控制器与现有控制器进行比较,验证了所提方法的有效性。 相似文献
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针对欠驱动无人水下航行器(underactuated unmanned underwater vehicles,UUVs)三维轨迹跟踪控制问题,本文有别于传统反步法中基于视线法设计姿态角误差变量的思路,提出了一种定义虚拟速度误差变量的反步控制器设计方法,能够有效避免传统反步法控制律设计时存在的奇异值问题,简化了传统反步法复杂的计算过程;设计了欠驱动UUV的三维轨迹跟踪控制器,给出了系统的误差方程,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了系统在定常外界扰动下的鲁棒性和稳定性;仿真结果表明本文提出的UUV三维轨迹跟踪反步控制方法收敛、有效,能够实现欠驱动UUV对时变三维轨迹的精确跟踪控制. 相似文献
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针对欠驱动水下航行器的三维直线航迹跟踪控制问题,基于虚拟向导建立了三维航迹跟踪误差模型,采用反馈增益反步法设计航迹跟踪控制器,通过合理选择控制器参数消除了部分非线性项,与传统反步法设计相比简化了虚拟控制量的形式,并且能够避免基于视线法设计导引律时存在固有奇异值点的问题.基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论分析了闭环跟踪误差系统的渐近稳定性.最后将设计的控制器应用于欠驱动水下航行器进行仿真实验,结果表明控制器具有精确的三维航迹的跟踪能力,并对外界干扰和模型参数不确定性具有较好的鲁棒性. 相似文献
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针对一类严格反馈非线性系统,提出一种基于有限时间指令滤波的自适应固定时间预设性能控制策略.首先,引用非线性映射技术及适当的误差变换,建立等效的误差模型;其次,综合利用反步法、固定时间控制和自适应控制等方法,设计一种基于有限时间指令滤波的预设性能跟踪控制器.该策略应用指令滤波器解决了反步法中对虚拟控制律反复求导问题,减轻了计算负担.此外,预设性能控制和固定时间控制保证了系统的跟踪误差能够在固定时间内收敛到预设性能函数限定的范围内,其收敛时间与系统初始条件无关,且确保系统中全部信号在有限时间均达到有界区域.理论分析与仿真验证均表明了所提出设计方法的有效性. 相似文献
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针对具有不确定动态和未知时变海洋环境扰动的欠驱动自主水下机器人(autonomous underwater vehicles,AUVs),提出一种基于事件触发通信机制的分布式固定时间三维编队控制方案.首先设计一种固定时间扰动观测器估计AUV不确定动态和未知时变海洋环境扰动组成的集总扰动,且观测器估计误差在固定调节时间内收敛到零;建立事件触发通信机制,降低多AUV之间的通信频率,节约通信资源;进一步,基于上述固定时间扰动观测器和事件触发通信机制,融合动态面控制技术和固定时间控制理论,设计分布式事件触发固定时间三维编队控制律.现有的固定时间扰动观测器和控制律均有两个幂次项,所设计的固定时间扰动观测器和固定时间编队控制律仅保留收敛速度较快的幂次项,可降低参数调节难度.理论分析表明,所设计的编队控制律能使多欠驱动AUV在固定调节时间内实现三维编队控制,仿真和比较结果验证了所提出控制方案的有效性和优越性. 相似文献
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This paper focuses on global adaptive neural network control for a class of underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles in the presence of possibly large modeling parametric uncertainty. As the control inputs cannot directly act in the sway and heave directions, two virtual velocities defined here, plus three actual control actions provided by the thrusters and rudders, are used to achieve the convergence of the system errors to around zero. Motivated by real‐time characteristics in the trajectory tracking, the proposed controller presents a significant advantage because it contains only one adaptive parameter to be updated online rather than the neural network weights. In addition, we also consider the practical situation that the velocities of the vehicle may experience sharp speed jumps when the position tracking errors initially change suddenly, which always results in thruster saturation. The biologically inspired model is introduced to smooth the virtual velocity commands such that the vehicle satisfies the control input and velocity constraints. Finally, comparison simulations are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. 相似文献
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为确保舰载无人机着舰阶段精确地跟踪下滑轨迹,并且在稳态性能基础上具有更好的瞬态性能,本文在新的等效误差模型的基础上提出了受限指令预设性能控制律设计方法.首先考虑了舵面受限和角速率受限等实际工程问题,引入受限指令滤波方法,然后综合考虑建模误差和外界扰动,引入了连续的双曲正切函数对饱和函数进行近似,并设计了自适应律对模型未知参数进行估计,最后引入了预设性能方法对着舰的瞬态性能进行了重点分析.通过理论推导和仿真验证,证明了本文提出的方法在复杂着舰环境下有较好的瞬态性能和较好的鲁棒性. 相似文献
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基于自适应Backstepping的欠驱动AUV三维航迹跟踪控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了实现欠驱动自治水下机器人(AUV)三维航迹跟踪控制,基于非完整系统理论分析了AUV缺少横向推进器时的欠驱动控制系统特性,并验证了欠驱动AUV存在加速度约束不可积性.基于李亚普诺夫稳定性理论,利用自适应Backstepping设计连续时变的航迹点跟踪控制器,以抑制外界海流的干扰.仿真实验表明,所设计的控制器能实现欠驱动AUV对一序列三维航迹点的渐近镇定,并且航迹跟踪的精确性和鲁棒性明显优于PID控制. 相似文献
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采用非线性系统级联方法,提出一种欠驱动自主水下航行器的3维直线跟踪控制算法,首先将3维直线跟踪误差模型分解为水平面运动受垂直面运动扰动的级联结构;然后分别设计俯仰角指令和航向角指令,进一步将平面直线跟踪模型分解为位置跟踪误差受俯仰角/航向角跟踪误差扰动的级联结构,并设计了俯仰角和航向角的跟踪控制律,通过逐级应用级联系统稳定性理论证明了3维直线跟踪误差的全局κ指数稳定性;最后通过数学仿真验证了所提出跟踪控制算法的有效性。 相似文献
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Andrew Branch Mar M. Flexas Brian Claus Andrew F. Thompson Yanwu Zhang Evan B. Clark Steve Chien David M. Fratantoni James C. Kinsey Brett Hobson Brian Kieft Francisco P. Chavez 《野外机器人技术杂志》2019,36(3):568-586
This study describes a method for detecting and tracking ocean fronts using multiple autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Multiple vehicles, equally spaced along the expected frontal boundary, complete near parallel transects orthogonal to the front. Two different techniques are used to determine the location of the front crossing from each individual vehicle transect. The first technique uses lateral gradients to detect when a change in the observed water property occurs. The second technique uses a measure of the vertical temperature structure over a single dive to detect when the vehicle is in upwelling water. Adaptive control of the vehicles ensure they remain perpendicular to the estimated front boundary as it evolves over time. This method was demonstrated in several experiment periods totaling weeks, in and around Monterey Bay, CA, in May and June of 2017. We compare the two front detection methods, a lateral gradient front detector and an upwelling front detector using the Vertical Temperature Homogeneity Index. We introduce two metrics to evaluate the adaptive control techniques presented. We show the capability of this method for repeated sampling across a dynamic ocean front using a fleet of three types of platforms: short‐range Iver AUVs, Tethys‐class long‐range AUVs, and Seagliders. This method extends to tracking gradients of different properties using a variety of vehicles. 相似文献
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Design and Control of Autonomous Underwater Robots: A Survey 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
J. Yuh 《Autonomous Robots》2000,8(1):7-24
During the 1990s, numerous worldwide research and development activities have occurred in underwater robotics, especially in the area of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). As the ocean attracts great attention on environmental issues and resources as well as scientific and military tasks, the need for and use of underwater robotic systems has become more apparent. Great efforts have been made in developing AUVs to overcome challenging scientific and engineering problems caused by the unstructured and hazardous ocean environment. In the 1990s, about 30 new AUVs have been built worldwide. With the development of new materials, advanced computing and sensory technology, as well as theoretical advancements, R&D activities in the AUV community have increased. However, this is just the beginning for more advanced, yet practical and reliable AUVs. This paper surveys some key areas in current state-of-the-art underwater robotic technologies. It is by no means a complete survey but provides key references for future development. The new millennium will bring advancements in technology that will enable the development of more practical, reliable AUVs. 相似文献
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This article addresses the bottom-following problem for biomimetic underwater vehicles without translational velocity measurements in the presence of complex uncertainties and actuator saturation. A novel saturated exponential super-twisting algorithm based integral terminal sliding mode control (SESTA-ITSMC) scheme is created to ensure fast convergence and strong robustness as well as attenuate the chattering of actuators. Salient features are as follows. Instead of discontinuous term in the conventional super-twisting algorithm, a novel SESTA is developed by incorporating a fractional power term, which ensures that the system achieves a faster transient response, effectively eliminating the chattering phenomenon. Then, to deal with the unknown states and further improve the anti-interference ability of the system, the finite-time dual estimator is devised to fast and precisely estimate the translational velocities and lumped uncertainties. Finally, a finite-time anti-windup auxiliary system is proposed to compensate for the saturation constraints on actuators in real time. Finite-time convergence of estimation errors and bottom following errors is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theory. Comparative simulation results fully demonstrate the excellence of the proposed SESTA-ITSMC scheme. 相似文献