全自动生化分析仪校准方法

正目前,国家尚未制定全自动生化分析仪的计量检定规程或校准规范,本文通过参照JJG464-2011《半自动生化分析仪检定规程》和YY/T0654-2008《全自动生化分析仪》,以贝克曼库尔特AU680全自动生化分析仪为例,对其杂散光、吸光度示值误差、吸光度重复性、临床项目的批内精密度等计量性能进行评价。校准所用标准物质选用半自动生化分析仪检定用标准物质(吸光度标准溶液),以及厂家配套试剂、定标品及质控品。     

干式生化分析仪的校准方法

目前,国家尚未制定干式生化分析仪的计量检定规程或校准规范。为此,我们参照相应的国家计量检定规程,如JJG464-2011《半自动生化分析仪检定规程》、JJG1051-2009《电解质分析仪检定规程》,确定了通过检测仪器准确度、仪器重复性、线性等几个方面对干式生化分析仪的计量性能进行评价。     

全自动生化分析仪校准方法探讨

全自动生化分析仪是根据光电比色原理来测量体液中某种特定化学成分的仪器。由于其测量速度快、准确性高、消耗试剂量小,现已在各级医院、防疫站、计划生育服务站得到广泛应用。目前全自动生化分析仪国家还没有检定规程及校准规范,笔者根据医药行业标准YY/T 0654—2008《全自动生化分析仪》和JJG 464—2011《半自动生化分析仪检定规程》,以日立公司生产的7180全自动生化分析仪为例探讨全自动生化分析仪(下称分析仪)的校准方法。     

总有机碳分析仪校准用标准物质的研制

研制的总有机碳分析仪校准用标准物质以国家一级纯度标准物质邻苯二甲酸氢钾和无二氧化碳纯水为原料,采用基准方法重量-容量法准确制备,特性量值为5、10、50、100 mg/L的邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液标准物质,其主要用于总有机碳分析仪器日常校准、计量检定或分析方法的确认与评价等。通过实验验证,制备的标准物质具有较好的均匀性和稳定性,结果的相对扩展不确定度为U=2.6%(k=2)。该系列标准物质将申报国家二级标准物质,可用于总有机碳分析仪的检定校准工作。     

全自动生化分析仪标准物质的使用研究

本文采用浙江清华长三角生物所研制的由肌酐(CREA)、尿酸(UA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、尿素(Urea)组合而成的小分子化合物质控品,对嘉兴地区各级医院的全自动生化分析仪进行日常校准.共校准60余台生化分析仪,分析了校准结果的准确度和重复性,验证了标准物质的适用性,依据JJF1720-2018《全自动生化分析仪校准规范》...     

血细胞计数分析用国家标准物质的研制

采用专用的白细胞、红细胞和血小板3类生物粒子合成模拟人的血液,按照国家一级标准物质研制规范制备血细胞计数标准物质,采用显微图像分析法为血细胞计数标准物质定值,对该血细胞计数标准物质的定值结果及不确定度评定、均匀性检验、稳定性检验过程进行分析,将该血细胞标准物质定值结果与国际参考方法的测定结果进行比对。结果证明:本血细胞计数标准物质适于血细胞分析仪的校准与计量检定。     

臭氧标准气体发生装置在臭氧气体分析仪检定/校准工作中的适用性

比较了不同工作原理的臭氧气体分析仪,分析了臭氧标准气体发生装置的结构原理。采用臭氧标准气体发生装置对不同工作原理的臭氧气体分析仪进行计量检定/校准,并对臭氧气体浓度检定/校准数据进行分析总结。试验结果表明,臭氧标准气体发生装置对紫外光度式臭氧气体分析仪的检定/校准有很好的适用性,但对电化学原理以及半导体气敏原理的臭氧气体分析仪并不适用,从而提出了臭氧标准气体发生装置的改造方案,使其具有更广泛的适用性。     

使用标准物质校准荧光定量PCR仪生化参数的解析

依据JJF 1527-2015《聚合酶链反应分析仪校准规范》,使用标准物质对荧光定量PCR仪生化参数进行校准,详细描述了标准板的制备过程,提出了操作建议,并且举例演示。     

热重分析仪的计量检定和校准

热重分析仪测量样品在程序温度下质量的变化,是一种重要的材料物理化学性能分析仪器。该仪器质量和温度测量的准确度,对测量结果的等效一致有重要影响。依据JJG 1135-2017《热重分析仪检定规程》,采用砝码、熔点和居里点标准物质,对两台典型的热重分析仪进行了计量检定。通过实例描述了零点漂移、基线漂移、质量的示值误差和重复性、升温速率的示值误差、温度的示值误差和重复性等全部技术要求的检定方法、数据处理方法、结果判定和不确定度评定。此外,还简述了计量校准的数据处理方法和不确定度评定。结果表明:通过计量检定和计量校准,科学合理地评价热重分析仪的计量性能,实现了质量和温度的量值溯源,能够保障热重分析结果的准确可靠和等效一致。     

金属洛氏硬度计示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定

为了保证洛氏硬度在测量过程,最终实现对被测物的测量结果均能通过直接或间接方式溯源到 SI 单位标准,在检定、校准或检定过程中,对检定或校准用的测量标准器或标准物质作溯源的依据,以提高对测量结果的可信度和产品检验数据的可靠性。     

Need of Alcohol Reference Materials and Reliable Measurement of Alcohol Content by Breath Alcohol Analyzer in India: An Overview

Breath alcohol analyser is used to detect alcohol content in end-expiratory breaths in order to enforce driving regulations under the influence of alcohol legislation. The accuracy and reliability of the routine measurements of alcohol content performed with breath alcohol analyser can be achieved by the calibration of the breath alcohol analyser using standards traceable to SI reference material. Proper calibration is essential for transparency in legal verification for which reference material is needed. At international level, a number of NMIs are active to address this important measurement issue of providing accurate measurements. Several international key comparison programs have been organized so far for the determination of ethanol content in aqueous and in nitrogen/air matrix. NIST, USA; BAM, Germany; IRMM, Belgium, Portugal, INMETRO, Brazil, LGC, UK etc. have developed certain reference materials of ethanol in water solution/air with different concentration ranges. However, no such reference material is introduced in India as an indigenous standard, rather, being procured from abroad or using high purity alcohol for calibration purposes. CSIR-NPL, India, being the NMI is now focusing on establishing the calibration facility and development of SI traceable aqueous alcohol standard to provide test reliability for the testing in breath alcohol analyser. This program has a societal impact which contributes to human health and regulatory needs for the nation.     

Investigation of electrolyte measurement in diluted whole blood using spectroscopic and chemometric methods

The feasibility of using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in combination with partial least-squares (PLS) regression was explored to measure electrolyte concentration in whole blood samples. Spectra were collected from diluted blood samples containing randomized, clinically relevant concentrations of Na+, K+, and Ca2+. Sodium was also studied in lysed blood. Reference measurements were made from the same samples using a standard clinical chemistry instrument. Partial least squares (PLS) was used to develop calibration models for each ion with acceptable results (Na+, R2 = 0.86, CVSEP = 9.5 mmol/L; K+, R2 = 0.54, CVSEP = 1.4 mmol/L; Ca2+, R2 = 0.56, CVSEP = 0.18 mmol/L). Slightly improved results were obtained using a narrower wavelength region (470-925 nm) where hemoglobin, but not water, absorbed indicating that ionic interaction with hemoglobin is as effective as water in causing measurable spectral variation. Good models were also achieved for sodium in lysed blood, illustrating that cell swelling, which is correlated with sodium concentration, is not required for calibration model development.     

血细胞分析仪检定(校准)测量结果的不确定度评定

通过血细胞分析仪检定／校准装置的测量结果不确定度评定，确定检定／校准装置满足被检血细胞分析仪检定／校准的要求。可供需要建立血细胞分析仪检定／校准装置的相关单位中有关人员进行不确定度分析和计算时参考。     

紫外荧光天然气总硫分析仪校准方法探讨

对于分析天然气中总硫含量的紫外荧光仪的检定及校准,我国尚未制定相应的检定规程或校准规范.参照已有的类似校准规范,结合紫外荧光总硫分析仪在天然气总硫含量检测方面的应用实际,提出评价总硫分析仪的校准项目和校准方法,包括示值误差、重复性、检测限和一致性等,并通过仪器校准实例及不确定度评定示例,验证了校准方法在相应仪器的可行性...     

Extraction of elemental sulfur from an aqueous suspension for analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography

A bioreactor is being developed that produces elemental sulfur suspended in aqueous bioreactor contents. The concentration of elemental sulfur must be measured explicitly in order to study the efficiency of the conversion of sulfide to elemental sulfur. Extracting the sample with ethanol gave erroneous results when sulfide was present in solution. The extraction of aqueous elemental sulfur into petroleum ether prior to colorimetric determination was tested. When the aqueous matrix was simply deionized water, the extraction was poor. The development of a method of extraction of the sulfur into chloroform prior to quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography is described. The efficiency of the extraction was found to be greater than 90% in all matrixes tested and linear for aqueous elemental sulfur concentrations up to 200 mg/L.     

电解质分析仪校准方法的探讨

该文主要介绍电解质分析仪的工作原理、计量特性、校准标物及校准方法。     

H2S薄层液膜下16Mn钢腐蚀的电化学研究

利用自行设计的测量金属在薄层液膜下腐蚀的三电极电化学电池,通过极化曲线和交流阻抗技术(EIS)研究了16Mn钢在含H2S薄层液膜下的电化学行为,并与之在大量H2S电解质溶液中的电化学行为进行了比较.结果表明:H2S促进了16Mn钢腐蚀的阴阳极过程;随着H2S浓度的升高,16Mn钢的自腐蚀电位(Ecorr)正移,腐蚀速率逐渐增加,但C(H2S)＞2 mmol/L后腐蚀速率不再增加;随薄层液膜酸度增加,Ecorr负移,自腐蚀电流(Jcorr)增大,但pH＜4.4后腐蚀速度与酸度无关.16Mn钢在H2S薄层液膜下与在全浸状态下的腐蚀机理可能不同.     

Variation of optical band gap in anodically grown nanocrystalline ZnO thin films at room temperature—effect of electrolyte concentrations

Zinc oxide thin films were deposited by electrochemical oxidation of Zinc at room temperature using high purity Zn as anode, Pt cathode, a calomel reference electrode and an aqueous electrolytic solution of oxalic acid. A range of 0.3, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 M electrolyte concentrations were used during anodization. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope were used to determine the crystallinity and the surface morphology respectively of the deposited ZnO thin films. The variation of the molar concentration of the electrolyte during anodic oxidation had a significant effect on the optical band gap of ZnO thin film. There was an increase in band gap with the decreasing concentrations of oxalic acid and a highest bandgap of 4.20 eV was obtained by using 0.05 M oxalic acid electrolyte. An apparent blue shift of band gap was further confirmed by Photoluminescence spectra.     

聚合物P(NIPAM-AM-NPA)的合成及溶液性能

以丙烯酸壬基酚聚氧乙烯酯(NPA)、丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为单体,采用自由基水溶液聚合方法制备了水溶性共聚物P(NIPAM-AM-NPA)。采用FT-IR、1H-NMR对该共聚物以表征;研究了共聚物浓度、温度以及不同电解质对共聚物溶液性能的影响。结果表明,随着盐浓度的增加,聚合物溶液表观黏度有较大幅度上升。在相同情况下,NaCl的增粘效果最为显著,而MgCl2和CaCl2则影响不大。该共聚物的盐水溶液在升温条件下可保持良好的增粘作用,适当条件下还会出现黏度随温度升高而上升的独特现象。     

Optimization of Bomaplex Red CR-L dye removal from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes

In this paper, Taguchi method was applied to determine the optimum dye removal from aqueous solution by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes. An orthogonal array (OA(16)) experimental design that allows to investigate the simultaneous variations of five parameters (initial dye concentration, initial pH of the solution, supporting electrolyte concentration, supporting electrolyte type and current density) having four levels was employed to evaluate the effects of experimental parameters. Performance measure analysis was followed by performing a variance analysis, in order to determine the optimum levels and relative magnitude of the effect of parameters. Because the desired characteristic for response has been maximum decolorization, Taguchi's 'the larger the better' performance formula was used. While the optimum conditions were found to be initial dye concentration of 100 mg/L, initial pH of the solution of 3, supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.0 mM, supporting electrolyte type of CaCl(2) and current density of 0.50 mA/cm(2). Under these optimum conditions, energy consumption is 0.607 kWh/kg dye, when the system evaluated also based on the energy consumptions it can be said that optimum conditions should be modified as follows: supporting electrolyte concentration of 2.5 mM; supporting electrolyte type NaCl, for 100 mg/L initial dye concentration; initial pH of the solution of 3; current density of 0.50 mA/cm(2).