基于负载匹配的阀控液压缸匹配特性研究

阀控缸系统作为飞机结构强度试验中至关重要的设备之一,其工作状态的性能直接影响着试验的可靠性和安全性。通常情况下采用经验公式进行伺服阀和液压缸的选取,该方法存在较大的匹配误差,很容易造成伺服阀选择偏小或者功率利用率较低,且伺服阀未工作在最佳状态。因此,采用负载匹配的方法,通过液压缸的负载特性曲线与伺服阀的压力-流量特性曲线之间的关系,结合实际试验件特性以及试验所采用的设备,提出一种伺服阀与液压缸的选择方法,为飞机结构试验阀控缸系统的选型和设计提供依据,使试验设备工作状态得到较大改善。     

阀控液压位置伺服系统管路压力冲击研究

为了进行阀控液压系统中管路压力冲击研究,建立了系统的数学模型。该模型不仅包含了伺服阀、液压缸、泵、溢流阀等元件,同时还考虑了管路对系统动态性能的影响。利用Matlab里面的Simulink工具包。在该模型上对阀控液压系统液压缸位移阶跃响应和位置伺服控制时负载压力变化进行了仿真分析,对系统液压冲击产生的现象进行了研究。仿真结果显示,该数学模型比较真实地反映了系统的工作情况．     

一种变量泵斜盘电液伺服控制系统研究

针对航空动力系统变量柱塞泵斜盘角度控制,设计并实施了一种简化结构的节流式电液伺服控制系统。通过数字仿真简化系统模型,并为斜盘位置控制设计控制算法,在X型航空发动机特性半物理仿真试验系统上完成了功能试验。结果表明,结构简化的变量泵斜盘位置电液伺服控制系统工作有效、快速、稳定。     

高压伺服控制脉冲试验台液压系统设计

液压系统在工作的时候承受的压力脉冲严重影响着液压元件的寿命。该文设计了一种压力脉冲试验台模拟飞机液压系统液压缸所承受的T型压力脉冲,采用伺服阀对液压缸进油腔压力直接进行控制,以确保试验曲线的准确性。建立了AMESim仿真模型,并通过仿真分析影响脉冲曲线的因素,验证了系统的正确性,为试验台的合理搭建提供支持。分析和仿真表明:压力脉冲的上升速率与伺服阀的瞬时通流能力直接相关。     

伺服阀控非对称缸的压力跃变分析与仿真

本文首先对液压伺服阀控非对称缸系统进行数学建模,分析计算了伺服阀控非对称缸在换向时产生的压力跃变,用AMESim仿真软件对系统进行了仿真,得出压力跃变曲线。最后设计了差动控制回路来解决阀控非对称缸的压力跃变问题。     

轧机液压压下控制系统的实验研究

本文通过实验研究,从理论上分析了影响轧机液压压下控制系统频带的某些因素。提出了提高频带的几种方法,包括流量补偿,双伺服阀控制,适当选取液压缸的面积,提高液压系统的供油压力,选用高频带大流量的伺服阀以及提高系统其它控制元件的频带等。介绍了一种实验装置并首次给出了大型液压缸摩擦力的测量方法和实测结果。本实验系统的频带为13（赫芝）（当输入信号为100微米（峰－峰）值时）。压下速度达4（毫米/秒）。液压缸内径1000（毫米）。     

Practical behavior of advanced non-linear hydraulic servo system model for a mold oscillating mechanism depending on line volume

We studied a mold oscillating mechanism for continuous casting. An equivalent hydraulic servo system model was established including a non-linear property and line volume near the hydraulic cylinder. The analysis focused on a practical behavior of the system. To observe an oscillated object and dynamic responses, an equivalent stiffness, damping ratio and simple mass-damper-spring 1-DOF model were established by Karl-Erik Rydberg’s research, and showed hydraulic cylinder pressure and line volume near the hydraulic cylinder. Especially, hydraulic pressure including statue of a mechanical and hydraulic cylinder was analyzed in the time and frequency domain. The results were validated by comparing responses between the 1-DOF model and the nonlinear hydraulic servo system model. The line volume that connects the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic servo valve has great effect on damping ratio and natural frequency of the hydraulic servo system. When the line pipe has high volume compared to normal statue, the hydraulic cylinder pressure has sharp peak frequencies that are located on natural frequency and its duple-harmonic terms with sideband peaks; (±2×exciting frequency) space. Based on this fact, we investigated the model using sensitivity analysis, and explained an oscillating mechanism about the mold oscillator by applying additional spring. A design of robust control for the mold oscillator was suggested by Negative strip time criterion, and maximum additional spring stiffness was shown.     

A study on the improvement of the load pressure feedback mechanism of the proportional pressure control valve

The proportional pressure control valve having versatile functions and higher performance is an essential component in the open loop controlled rear wheel steering gear of the four wheel steering system on a passenger car. In this study, the authors suggest a new type of load pressure feedback mechanism which can make it easy to change the control range of load pressure without changing the capacity of solenoid. The concept of the suggested mechanism, composed of the pressure chamber with throttles in series, was described. The mathematical model was derived from the rear wheel steering gear system consisting of a valve and a cylinder for the purpose of analyzing the valve characteristics. And the programme for computing the characteristic of the valve was developed. Experiments were carried out to confirm the performance of the valve and computations were performed to ascertain the usefulness of the developed programme. The results from the computations fairly coincide with those from the experiments. The results from the experiments and computations show that the performance of new valve is as good as that of the already developed one and the new valve has an advantage in the easiness in varying the control range of load pressure.     

机载智能液压泵的建模与仿真

介绍了机载智能液压泵的结构、工作原理 ,对液压泵变量调节系统进行了数学建模和仿真。结果表明 ,斜盘位移响应的上升时间小于 2 2 ms,超调小于 8%,静态精度小于 0 .7%,变量机构平衡弹簧的最佳预压缩力相当于伺服阀供油压力的 1 /2 ,液压泵排油压力对变量调节响应时间的最大影响为 2 ms,液压油体积弹性模量取值的变化对变量调节没有明显影响 ,但伺服阀的恒定供油压力必须保证。     

高速开关阀动态性能试验装置及其应用研究

高速开关具有制造成本低、动作速度快等优点,在液压气动位置伺服控制领域得到广泛应用。但其动作行程和时间都很短,对其进行动态特性的测试比较困难。该文提出一种通过测量其控制腔压力的瞬态过渡过程来估计开关特性的方案,并给出了试验系统必须满足的设计准则,对自行研制的某型号高速开关阀进行动态性能试验,给出了相关测试结果。     

New method to improve dynamic stiffness of electro-hydraulic servo systems

Most current researches working on improving stiffness focus on the application of control theories.But controller in closed-loop hydraulic control system takes effect only after the controlled position is deviated,so the control action is lagged.Thus dynamic performance against force disturbance and dynamic load stiffness can’t be improved evidently by advanced control algorithms.In this paper,the elementary principle of maintaining piston position unchanged under sudden external force load change by charging additional oil is analyzed.On this basis,the conception of raising dynamic stiffness of electro hydraulic position servo system by flow feedforward compensation is put forward.And a scheme using double servo valves to realize flow feedforward compensation is presented,in which another fast response servo valve is added to the regular electro hydraulic servo system and specially utilized to compensate the compressed oil volume caused by load impact in time.The two valves are arranged in parallel to control the cylinder jointly.Furthermore,the model of flow compensation is derived,by which the product of the amplitude and width of the valve’s pulse command signal can be calculated.And determination rules of the amplitude and width of pulse signal are concluded by analysis and simulations.Using the proposed scheme,simulations and experiments at different positions with different force changes are conducted.The simulation and experimental results show that the system dynamic performance against load force impact is largely improved with decreased maximal dynamic position deviation and shortened settling time.That is,system dynamic load stiffness is evidently raised.This paper proposes a new method which can effectively improve the dynamic stiffness of electro-hydraulic servo systems.     

液压驱动单元力控系统建模及其性能影响因素研究

以四足机器人关节驱动器 液压驱动单元为研究对象,依据液压驱动单元的结构组成原理,采用机理建模的方法,建立其力控系统数学模型,该模型包含了基于辨识得到的伺服阀三阶传递函数、伺服阀的压力 流量非线性环节、伺服缸两腔容积变化因素等。建立液压驱动单元力控系统框图,并利用MATLAB/Simulink平台建立其仿真模型,采用实验测试与仿真分析相结合的方法,研究不同工作参数和不同给定信号下的液压驱动单元力控性能。研究结果表明：比例增益、供油压力、力阶跃量及正弦频率等参数均会对液压驱动单元的力控性能产生影响,该研究工作对四足机器人各关节高性能的力控方法研究提供了理论和实验基础。     

车辆运动模拟6自由度平台的协同控制研究

对车辆运动模拟6自由度平台进行研究。对四通阀控制液压缸伺服系统进行了理论分析和试验研究,讨论了有负载时,液压缸正反向运动速度一致和换向瞬间不产生压力跃变这两种情况下,非对称伺服阀各阀口面积梯度的关系。推导出空载时,使阀控非对称缸系统正反向运动速度一致且换向瞬间不产生压力跃变的非对称伺服阀各阀口的面积梯度的关系式。在此基础上,研究6个液压缸伺服系统协同控制,实现了车辆的运动模拟。实际运行结果表明:该平台运动平稳,各自由度协同控制性能良好,完全满足了车辆各种运动模拟要求。     

液压驱动6自由度运动模拟器动力机构控制策略研究

目前,非对称缸动力机构作为驱动部件被广泛应用于液压驱动6自由度运动模拟器,其控制器设计备受关 注。首先推导出了阀控非对称缸动力机构的通用非线性数学模型,在此基础上提出了级联负载压力控制策略,使 得动力机构具有力发生器的特性,从而为进一步实现运动模拟器的分层控制打下了基础。对于每个非对称缸电液 位置伺服系统,考虑到模型不确定性及外干扰的存在,运用滑模变结构控制方法设计外层镇定控制器,实现了对 液压动力机构的镇定及对外界干扰的抑制。同时作为比较,还设计了状态反馈控制器。仿真结果表明提出的控制 策略是有效的、合理的。     

基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的非对称缸系统压力跃变的分析方法

以阀控非对称液压缸为例,建立了液压伺服系统的动态模型,给出了该系统的仿真模型,利用MATLAB中的SIMULINK的图形功能对液压系统的动态特性进行仿真,把抽象理论变为直观可视的图形,从而给理论分析带来方便。通过试验得到了输出位移曲线和压力曲线,同时较详细地讨论了影响液压伺服系统压力跃变的主要因素。     

电液伺服比例综合实验台设计和研究

针对大学液压专业试验台教学及科研工作的具体要求,提出了电液伺服比例综合试验台的总体设计方案,给出了实验台阀控液压缸,阀控液压马达的液压控制系统原理图。同时论述了试验台计算机测控系统的硬件及软件设计方案。对试验台的扩展性及后续开发功能也进行了相关说明。     

电动液压助力转向系统控制策略及其能耗分析

提出了一种运用中位闭式旋转控制阀的电动液压助力转向(EHPS)系统。设计了良好的控制策略以达到能耗最小及系统具有良好的助力跟随性。在没有转向操作时,液压泵和电机以极小的速度运作,且中位闭式旋转阀限制着液压油的流动,实现了能量的储存。当转向盘发生转动时,液压泵和电机以一定的转速运转,提供合适的液压油流量,以产生合适的助力大小。试验结果表明:提出的控制策略能达到预期效果;且与开式EHPS系统相比,闭式EHPS系统具有良好的节能性。     

基于变模糊PID控制器的阀控非对称缸复合控制策略

针对非对称液压缸正反向运动的不对称性对位移控制精度的影响,为了提高阀控非对称液压缸伺服系统位移控制精度,设计了根据液压缸运动方向选择对应模糊PID位移控制器的位移闭环及速度前馈复合控制方案。搭建了基于ADAMS,AMESim和Simulink的阀控非对称液压缸伺服系统联合仿真模型。研究表明,采用速度前馈控制系统响应更快;采用对应变模糊PID位移控制器控制策略,非对称缸换向跟踪期望位移的精度更高。     

阀控液压伺服系统的辨识与优化设计研究

根据阀控缸电液位置伺服系统的组成,对系统中的阀控缸的数学模型进行了研究,并通过系统辨识的方法得到了阀控缸系统的闭环传递函数,控制器采用全维状态反馈,以二阶工程最佳为优化目标建立了系统的仿真模型。仿真结果表明该控制器实现了液压位置伺服系统的极点配置,完成了优化目标。表明全状态反馈控制能够提高液压伺服系统的位置跟踪精度,具有工程可行性。     

A new, high precision, quick response pressure regulator for active control of pneumatic vibration isolation tables

Pressure regulators are important elements in pneumatic systems. Relief-type precision pressure regulators are commonly used to control the supply pressure to actively controlled pneumatic vibration isolators.Herein, a high precision, quick response pneumatic pressure regulator is proposed. This consists of an isothermal chamber, a servo valve, a pressure sensor, a quick response laminar flow sensor (QFS), and a pressure differential sensor (PD sensor) as developed by the authors. Slight changes of pressure in the chamber can be detected by the PD sensor and are fed back to the servo valve to maintain the pressure at a desired value. The performance of this regulator was confirmed experimentally in comparison with one available commercially. The regulator was then applied to the supply pressure regulation of an actively controlled pneumatic vibration isolation table. The superior performance of the regulator is clearly shown in the experimental results, especially in terms of avoiding effects from upstream or downstream disturbances.