遵照循环经济思想完善家用电器标准体系

废旧家用电器的更新换代、处理处置,带来了一系列需要思考的问题。遵照循环经济思想,必须完善家用电器标准体系,以实现家用电器的清洁生产、节能降耗、按规定报废、回收利用资源和无害化处理处置。     

我国电子废弃物回收工艺研究进展

总结了处理电子废弃物的传统基本技术及其特点。针对传统工艺的缺陷综述了我国具有处理流程简单、成本低、资源利用率较高等优点的电子废弃物回收新工艺的研究进展,重点介绍了机械物理复合工艺处理废旧家电、废旧电池及废旧PCB板。同时提出了我国电子废弃物资源化方面的一些新动向和潜在的问题。     

我国废旧线路板回收利用与无害化处理技术获得重大进展——首条年处理万吨级废旧线路板成套设备通过鉴定——“电子废弃物”变成“再生资源”成为现实

浙江丰利粉碎设备有限公司研发的FXS废旧电子线路板回收处理成套设备，于2004年12月25日在杭州通过省级新产品鉴定。该设备采用先进的物理法回收工艺：废旧线路板→强力破碎→磁选→中碎→精细粉碎→超微分级→高压静电分离→成品。所研制的强力破碎机、中碎机、精细粉碎机、超微分级机、高压静电分离等设备创新性强，其资源化的处理工艺路线先进合理，能对各类废旧印刷线路板及加工废料、废旧电器等进行机械粉碎回收处理，金属回收率高，回收金属的纯度高达97％。     

聚合物材料再循环利用的研究与进展

当今世界上废弃的聚合物给环境带来了严重的污染问题，其处理研究成为世界环境保护研究的一大课题，文中概述了废旧聚合物的特点及其处理和利用的途径；介绍了废旧聚合物分离技术，并对聚合物材料的回收利用作了简述，并讨论了聚合物废物利用的发展趋势和前景。     

橡胶和回收利用方法

再生胶(reclaimed rubber)指废旧硫化橡胶经过粉碎．加热、机械处理等物理化学过程，使其从弹性状态变成具有塑性和粘性的、能够再硫化的橡胶。     

一种干电池回收处理装置的设计

从我国资源的现状和废旧干电池处理回收利用技术的研究和应用分析出发，探讨了现有处理技术的特点和存在的问题，提出了采用机械自动化拆解干电池的思路，设计出由槽轮、曲柄滑块、正弦、锥齿轮等机构相互配合协作，同时结合单片机控制的干电池回收处理机，制作样机进行试验，确认作品可行，本装置有效地解决随意丢弃干电池而带来的环境污染问题，并且还能实现干电池内碳棒、塑料与金属的分离回收，回收的碳棒能用于电池生产领域，剩下的锌皮能用于铸锌行业。节约成本，实现资源的回收再利用。     

对机械产品回收再制造几个关键问题的探讨

废旧机械产品的回收再制造是绿色环境意识制造的重要组成部分，是制造业可持续发展的必然要求。如何高效的对废旧机械产品进行回收再制造，将传统的制造模式转变为可持续发展循环经济模式，对于可持续发展策略的回收再制造发展道路有着重要的现实意。鉴于此，本文就机械产品回收再制造的几个核心问题进行深入的探讨研究。     

HB系列前处理剂

对传统前处理工艺缺陷的因果关系进行了分析，介绍了ＨＢ系列前处理的特性，通过新旧工艺的对比，对我国汽车、家用电器、建材、包装机械、工程机械、轻工产品等表面涂装存在的问题进行了剖析，并对涂层的附着力，磷化膜的耐蚀性、脱脂剂的除油性能，提出了自己的观点。     

试论胶粉改性沥青及其生产工艺

将废旧轮胎加工成橡胶粉是国际上通用的废旧轮胎再生利用方式,其中废旧胶粉在公路行业中的使用是废旧轮胎处理的主要途径之一。本文详细分析了橡胶粉改性沥青的作用机理、技术性能、质量指标及生产工艺,为橡胶沥青砼在公路行业中进一步推广应用提供借鉴。     

废旧家电回收处理相关法规现状及分析

阐述了我国废旧家电回收处理立法现状，日本、美国、欧盟等国外相关法律情况，着重介绍和分析了我国与废旧家电回收处理有关的法律、法规和标准，指明存在的问题并提出应对措施。     

风力发电复合材料叶片废弃物的几种处理方法分析

在简述风电叶片发展历史同时,对叶片制造特点及其相关废弃物来源、后期数量、处理必要性与可行性等进行了详细阐述。随后根据风力发电复合材料叶片废弃物相关特点等,从环境影响、处理费用、处理所得物用途三方面,对物理粉碎法、材料再循环与能量回收结合法、水泥制造法、焚烧热能法四种可能处理方法进行了深入分析;分析得出因废弃物本身及处理后可替代物价值较低,进而致使处理时环境效益或有一定优势,但经济效益不理想。最后根据该类废弃物特点及处理分析结论,并结合我国实际情况,建议后期优先发展水泥制造法,适时适地适当发展焚烧热能法、物理粉碎法。     

Microstructural and mechanical features of aluminium semi-solid alloys made by rheocasting technique

The rheocasting process applied by Swirled Enthalpy Equilibration Device (SEED) technique relies on rapid extraction of a controlled quantity of heat from the liquid aluminium alloy via mechanical agitation to form the semi-solid slurry that can be formed under pressure. Microstructural characteristics of both conventional and semi-solid A357 castings under T6 heat treatment conditions were examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The fatigue and tensile experiments were applied to evaluate the effect of SEED technique on the mechanical properties of T6-A357 semi-solid alloys and conventional castings. The results showed that the rheocasting–SEED technique has proved successful in producing optimum microstructure of Al–Si–Mg semi-solid alloys providing an excellent combination of quality and mechanical performance as compared to conventional technique.

This paper is part of a Themed Issue on Aluminium-based materials: processing, microstructure, properties, and recycling.     

Surface texturing on SiC by multiphase jet machining with microdiamond abrasives

The multiphase microabrasive jet machining is a new type of surface texturing technique using compressed air to accelerate the mixtures of abrasive and water to remove material. It is effective for surface texturing on different materials, and can also reduce the pollution and cost by recycling the microabrasive particles easily. Basing on this technique and using the micro synthetic diamond as the abrasive, a multiphase jet technique is developed for machining on silicon carbide (SiC) surfaces. The processing results are compared to other abrasives, and influences of the processing parameters such as jet distance, jet pressure, abrasive concentration, particle size, and jet angle are investigated experimentally. The improvement on machining quality and efficiency are confirmed.     

Recycling of waste printed circuit boards: a review of current technologies and treatment status in China

From the use of renewable resources and environmental protection viewpoints, recycling of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) receives wide concerns as the amounts of scrap PCBs increases dramatically. However, treatment for waste PCBs is a challenge due to the fact that PCBs are diverse and complex in terms of materials and components makeup as well as the original equipment's manufacturing processes. Recycle technology for waste PCBs in China is still immature. Previous studies focused on metals recovery, but resource utilization for nonmetals and further separation of the mixed metals are relatively fewer. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a proper recycle technology for waste PCBs. In this paper, current status of waste PCBs treatment in China was introduced, and several recycle technologies were analyzed. Some advices against the existing problems during recycling process were presented. Based on circular economy concept in China and complete recycling and resource utilization for all materials, a new environmental-friendly integrated recycling process with no pollution and high efficiency for waste PCBs was provided and discussed in detail.     

绿色包装与废纸的回收利用

讨论了绿色包装与废弃纸和纸制品回收利用的关系,我国废纸回收的现状及提高废纸回收的对策,介绍了废纸再生在包装领域的应用,回收利用废纸和纸制品对我国的可持续发展意义重大.建议我国应加大废纸回收、处理和利用的力度,充分利用废纸这一宝贵的纤维资源.     

我国废弃荧光灯回收再利用标准体系框架研究

我国稀土荧光灯的报废量逐年攀升,而回收再利用率—直处于较低的水平,究其原因与废弃荧光灯回收再利用标准规范严重缺失密切相关。本文从废弃荧光灯回收再利用的整体流程入手,查找了我国现有废弃荧光灯回收再利用标准体系的不足,据此提出了我国废弃荧光灯回收再利用标准体系的基本框架,为提高其回收再利用率提供有益借鉴。     

"Real time" noise measurements with sensitivity exceeding the standard thermal noise limit

A possibility of "real-time" noise measurements with spectral resolution better than a standard thermal noise limit has been experimentally demonstrated at microwave frequencies. The enhancement in the sensitivity of spectral measurements was achieved due to more efficient use of the signal power via the power recycling technique. By utilizing such a technique, the noise floor of a 9 GHz "real time" measurement system was reduced by 3 dB below the standard thermal noise limit. This makes possible the characterization of intrinsic fluctuations in individual low-noise microwave components, such as ferrite circulators, without the need for cascading them or using the cross-correlation signal processing.     

农药包装废弃物的处理现状及对策研究

目的 破解农药包装废弃物污染难题，推进农药包装废弃物治理工作。方法 采用文献调查法总结农药包装废弃物的主要处理方式，介绍当前国内外农药包装废弃物的处理现状、主要技术和最新研究进展，分析当前农药包装废弃物处理中存在的主要问题，并给出推动农药包装废弃物回收的对策建议。结果 农药包装废弃物回收的主要问题有:回收意识淡薄、资金投入不足、监管手段有限、处理技术落后。推动农药包装废弃物回收的有效策略:落实主体责任、加大资金投入、变革监管模式、创新回收技术。结论 我国农药包装废弃物污染治理的整体效果依旧欠佳，其回收管理工作必须加以重视。     

对家用电器再生利用领域标准研究的探讨

本文按照再生利用的基本原则,提出了制定我国家用电器再生利用标准应考虑的基本因素、涉及领域和程序过程,并按照家电产品生命周期阶段及其再生利用的特点,构建起适合我国家用电器再生利用标准体系的基本框架;在此基础上,提出了我国家用电器再生利用标准今后的发展规划。