42CrMo曲轴钢喷丸强化有限元模拟

喷丸强化能够有效提高42CrMo曲轴钢的抗疲劳性能,且喷丸数值模拟是制定喷丸工艺方案、评估喷丸后工件表面疲劳抗力的主要理论工具。为了体现喷丸过程中的随机性,利用MATLAB软件提供的Rand随机函数产生弹丸的位置,建立随机喷丸模型,并在此模型基础上研究弹丸直径、弹丸材料、冲击速度以及覆盖率与残余应力间的分布规律,进一步讨论喷丸工艺对42CrMo曲轴钢表面粗糙度的影响。研究发现:随着弹丸直径以及速度的增大,残余应力增大,抗疲劳性能提高,但粗糙度也相应增大;随着覆盖率的增大,残余应力增大,表面残余应力分布更加均匀,稳定性提高;同时弹丸强度越高,残余应力越大。通过喷丸试验对随机多弹丸模型进行验证,为喷丸工艺的精确控制提供了科学依据和理论基础。     

空化水喷丸工艺诱导塑性变形行为的数值模拟

金属薄板经空化水喷丸强化后会产生不同程度的塑性变形,为了探究冲击波压力作用时间对塑性变形的影响,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元分析软件,建立了各向同性理想弹塑性的空化水喷丸三维有限元模型,对N型标准阿尔门试片经空化水喷丸处理后诱导的塑性变形进行了数值模拟。为了验证模拟结果的准确性,利用阿尔门测量仪对上述工艺诱导试片塑性变形产生的弧高度进行了试验测定。结果表明,数值模拟的弧高度和实测数据有较好的一致性。     

7075-T651铝合金喷丸工艺的仿真与试验研究

为探究喷丸工艺参数对材料残余应力分布的影响,以7075-T651铝合金材料为研究对象,基于铝合金材料特性和试验条件,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立喷丸有限元模型,获得了不同喷射距离、喷射压力和弹丸直径下残余应力的分布情况。结果表明：增大喷射压力和弹丸直径可以显著提高最大残余压应力和残余压应力影响深度,且喷射距离应保持在适当的范围内,最后将应力计算值和实测值进行对比,最大偏差为(10.0±12.5) MPa,偏差率不超过6.9%。分析认为通过有限元模型能够准确地获得残余应力的分布情况,有助于开展喷丸工艺参数对残余应力分布规律的影响研究。     

湿法喷丸工艺有限元分析

目的 分析TC4钛合金的湿喷丸强化过程。方法 利用ABAQUS有限元软件中的CEL方法以及随机分布函数建立弹丸随机分布的湿喷丸冲击强化模型,研究喷丸覆盖率对残余应力场和表面粗糙度的影响规律,进行TC4钛合金板材的湿喷丸强化实验,对比验证模拟结果。结果 表面粗糙度随着喷丸覆盖率的增加而变大;对于残余应力场,随着覆盖率从50%增加到100%,最大残余压应力值和其所处位置的深度均增加。当覆盖率增加至200%,最大残余压应力值不再增加。不同喷丸覆盖率下表面残余应力值基本相同。经对比验证,构建的有限元模型的仿真结果与湿喷丸实验规律相一致。结论 湿喷丸模型能够较好地模拟湿喷丸强化后板材表层残余压应力场和表面粗糙度的变化规律。     

45钢表面喷丸强化工艺的模拟分析

为了研究高压水射流喷丸的工艺效果,选择合适的水射流喷丸工艺参数,利用ANSYS有限元仿真软件进行模拟分析,以玻璃为喷丸材料,45钢为靶体材料,采用LS-DYNA软件,建立喷丸与靶体的有限元模型,通过模拟喷丸冲击靶体的动态过程,得到弹坑的深度及最大残余压应力的分布情况,绘制工艺参数对弹坑深度以及最大残余压应力的关系曲线。结果表明:弹坑深度及最大残余压应力随着弹丸速度的增加而明显增加,而弹丸入射角度对于弹坑深度及最大残余压应力的影响则比较平缓;该仿真结果与试验结果相近。     

核电轮盘及叶根槽喷丸层的残余应力

对核电轮盘以及叶根槽采用喷丸强化处理,利用X射线应力分析方法研究了轮盘喷丸后表面残余应力的均匀性,以及轮盘、叶根槽喷丸试样的残余应力沿层深的分布规律。结果表明:喷丸处理后轮盘表面残余应力分布均匀,轮盘及叶根槽最大残余应力值分别达到-667.9MPa和-587.5MPa。     

金属板料激光喷丸成形新技术

激光喷丸塑性成形金属板料是从激光强化发展起来的新技术.当激光诱导冲击波的峰值超过材料的动态屈服极限时,板料冲击区的表层发生微观塑性变形,导致了板料厚度方向上不均匀应力分布,使板料发生宏观变形.不同的激光脉冲参数在板料内部产生不同的残余应力,不同的残余应力使板料发生不同的变形,通过控制喷丸的工艺参数来控制板料内部应力场的精确分布,就可实现板料的精确变形.其显著特点是成形精确,且表层留有有益的残余压应力.     

喷丸改性对7050铝合金FSW接头性能的影响

对5 mm厚的7050铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头进行喷丸表面改性处理,并对喷丸前后的接头进行残余应力测量、低周疲劳裂纹扩展试验,研究喷丸改性对焊接接头残余应力分布和焊核区、热影响区疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明,喷丸处理提高了接头表面粗糙程度,但接头表层及近表层产生硬化层,二次喷丸处理后的表层硬度值达198HV。二次喷丸最高硬度值比焊接态高33.1%。喷丸引入的残余压应力随喷丸次数增加而增大,最大压应力值位置也移向板材更深处。焊核区、热影响区疲劳裂纹扩展速率相对焊接态均降低,表明喷丸改性提高了接头两微区抗疲劳断裂的能力。     

2024铝合金喷丸试件疲劳寿命试验及仿真研究

现有的喷丸材料疲劳性能研究扩展有限元模型没有考虑残余应力对裂纹扩展的影响。对2024铝合金的喷丸与未喷丸试样进行三弯疲劳试验,以明确喷丸工艺对试件疲劳寿命的强化作用。通过ABAQUS建立试件的二维平面应力模型,导入残余应力并利用扩展有限元法模拟循环载荷下裂纹的萌生与扩展,对比试验结果来验证该扩展有限元数值模型的正确性。最后基于该数值模型,改变载荷工况,研究不同载荷工况下残余应力对疲劳寿命的影响,得到喷丸残余应力强化作用与载荷工况的关系。结果表明:喷丸引入的残余应力可以有效地增强试件的疲劳寿命;过大的循环载荷可能造成喷丸残余应力发生松弛;在最大载荷不变的前提下,应力比越小,试件疲劳寿命越短;应力比越大,残余应力对疲劳寿命强化效果越明显。     

表面粗糙度对钛合金超声波喷丸强化影响的有限元分析

探究超声波喷丸强化工艺对不同初始粗糙度的材料表面塑性应变、喷丸覆盖率以及残余应力及表面位移场影响的变化规律。以TC4(Ti6Al4V)钛合金材料为研究对象,基于有限元仿真软件ABAQUS构建超声波喷丸工艺的三维有限元模型,研究粗糙度对材料表面超声波喷丸强化效果的影响。结果表明:降低表面初始粗糙度,可以提高达到工艺要求覆盖率的速度和表面发生塑性变形的程度,增加亚表面残余压应力层的深度及对应层深的残余压应力值。     

先进喷丸表面改性技术研究进展

综述了先进喷丸表面改性技术研究现状及应用,阐述了微粒子喷丸、激光喷丸、超声/高能喷丸、高压水射流喷丸的基本原理,与传统喷丸对比发现,微粒子喷丸可提高材料的耐磨性,激光喷丸可精确控制定位,超声/高能喷丸可实现材料表面纳米化,高压水射流喷丸可承受半柔性冲击并减少应力集中.此外,对各种喷丸技术综合分析并进行对比,认为超声喷丸、复合喷丸(高能-微粒喷丸,激光-机械喷丸)综合性能最佳,并展望了未来应重点开展的工作.     

Combined finite element method and dislocation density method solution to residual stress induced by water cavitation peening

Water cavitation peening is a technique similar to shot peening that induces compressive residual stresses in materials for improved fatigue resistance. Generally, residual stress is of two types: macro-residual stress and micro-residual stress. In this paper, a novel combined finite element method and dislocation density method (FEM/DDM), proposed for predicting macro and micro-residual stresses induced on the material subsurface treated with water cavitation peening, is presented. A bilinear elastic–plastic finite element method was conducted to predict macro-residual stresses and a dislocation density method was conducted to predict micro-residual stresses. These approaches made possible the prediction of the magnitude and depth of residual stress fields in pure titanium. The effect of applied impact pressures on the residual stresses was also presented. The results of the FEM/DDM modeling were in good agreement with those of the experimental measurements.     

Multidroplet Impact Model for Prediction of Residual Stresses in Water Jet Peening of Materials

In this article, a multidroplet impact model, proposed for predicting residual stresses induced on materials subjected to water jet peening, is presented. This approach considers the impact pressure distribution due to high-velocity droplets impinging on the material surface instead of stationary pressure distribution for prediction of residual stresses on water jet-peened surfaces. It makes use of Reichardt's theory for predicting the velocity distribution of droplets and liquid impact theory for predicting the impact pressure and duration of impact of high-velocity droplets. For predicting residual stresses on the surface and subsurface of material subjected to water jet peening, finite element modeling approach was adopted by using transient elastoplastic finite element analysis by considering an impingement of a set of droplets in succession to one another over a certain time period after which this pressure is released. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was demonstrated bv comparing the predicted residual stresses with those predicted by using the single set of droplets approach proposed by Rajesh et al. [6]. Finally, the practical relevance of the proposed approach was shown by comparing the predicted results with the experimental results obtained by water peening of 6063-T6 aluminium alloy.     

空化水射流的研究进展

空化现象是一种蕴藏着巨大能量的物理与化学现象,它能够影响到生活的方方面面,尤其对水利机械和水利工程的影响最为显著。随着科技的进步,人们越来越意识到空化现象所具有的巨大开发潜力,因而由原先的预防转而利用空化,尤以空化水射流的应用最为广泛。从空化水射流的研究背景着手,阐述了空化水射流在油气开采、生化环保工程、清洗除锈和材料表面改性强化等方面的应用研究进展,也提出了后续的发展方向。     

表面粗糙度对喷丸残余应力场的影响

为定性研究表面粗糙度对喷丸残余应力场的影响,采用余弦曲线模拟靶材粗糙表面,建立喷丸二维有限元模型,采用ABAQUS/EXPLICIT求解器对喷丸过程进行数值模拟,研究了表面粗糙度喷丸残余应力场的影响规律,分析了同一粗糙度下弹丸尺寸和喷射速度对喷丸残余应力场的影响规律,并与表面理想光滑时的情况进行了对比.结果表明,表面粗糙度的增加使残余压应力区变浅变薄,甚至使靶材表面产生残余拉应力,不利于喷丸强化件抗疲劳性能的提高,喷丸件表面应尽可能光滑以改善喷丸效果.     

Relieving micro-strain by introducing macro-strain in a polycrystalline metal surface by cavitation shotless peening

Peening using cavitation impact is called “cavitation shotless peening CSP”, since there is no requirement for shot in the process. Micro- and macro-strain of polycrystalline metal peened by CSP were evaluated using X-ray diffraction methods, as the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the X-ray diffraction profile from the peened surface was decreased, although compressive residual stress was introduced. It was found that CSP reduced the micro-strain in the surface, but simultaneously introduced compressive residual stress, i.e., a macro-strain. The results demonstrate that the micro-strain is relieved by CSP without the need for heat treatment, and is, therefore, a sort of annealing. Thus, CSP can renew the metallic material while the shape itself is maintained.     

Enhancing surface layer properties of an aircraft aluminum alloy by shot peening using response surface methodology

Shot peening leads to local plastic deformations in the near-surface regions, which result in the development of residual stress and the improvement of surface hardness in the aerospace structural components. These properties can be enhanced by careful selection of the peening parameters. 2124-T851 aluminum alloy is widely used in the aerospace industry due to its high specific static strength. In this study, a response surface methodology is presented to optimize the surface properties of microhardness and residual stress. The effects of four peening parameters (nozzle distance, pressure, impact angle, and exposure time) on microhardness and residual stress are investigated. Box–Behnken design, a popular second-order response surface design, is employed to systematically estimate the empirical models of microhardness and residual stress in terms of the four parameters. Based on the estimated models, optimum peening conditions are recommended by using the desirability function approach, which is the most popular technique for optimizing multiple responses. Additionally, to verify the validity of the optimal conditions obtained from experimental results, metallurgical analyses of the shot-peened aluminum alloy were conducted with respect to hardness, residual stress, surface morphology, X-ray diffraction analysis, and surface roughness.     

喷丸过程中的能量转化及残余应力分布研究

本文建立了喷丸表面强化过程的三维有限元模型,研究了靶材的力学性能及弹丸喷射速度对能量转化率和残余应力分布的影响规律。通过对有限元计算结果的分析发现,杨氏模量与屈服强度之比E/&;#61555;y较大,应变硬化率较低的靶材喷丸效率较高。屈服强度的提高使得最大残余压应力变大,残余压应力场深度变小。应变硬化率和喷丸速度的提高均会使最大残余压应力及其深度变大,同时会使表面残余压应力减小并向拉应力转变。本文的研究结果从能量转化的角度为喷丸强化件材料的选择提供了理论基础     

A Numerical Study Comparing The Effect on Residual Stresses of Two Different Types of Projectiles During Shot Peening

Shot peening is a widely used technique to improve fatigue life in metallic alloys. This processing technique introduces a subsurface compressive residual stress field through a plastic deformation of the surface caused by the impact of a large number of high-speed projectiles. There are a number of parameters that affect the residual stress field depth and magnitude. The effects of the impact angle, shot speed and shot geometry are currently being researched. In particular, substituting spherical cast shots by cylindrical cut wire shots is an attractive option, especially in terms of cost. The effect of shot geometry on residual stresses, however, needs to be further investigated. Because industrial-scale experimentation is costly and cumbersome, mathematical modeling offers a convenient alternative to carry out this type of research. The present work shows a comparison between the residual stresses generated by the impact of spherical and cylindrical projectiles on a steel substrate. This threedimensional model was developed using ABAQUS finite element commercial software (Release 6.12, Dassault Systémes, France). The results show that cylindrical shots generate residual stress fields that are higher in magnitude than those generated by a spherical shot. However, the residual stress field of cylindrical shots impacting the surface at an oblique angle shows an important degree of asymmetry. This effect is not found when spherical shots impact the surface at the same oblique angle.