中注管喷稀土法生产试验

本文简介了鞍钢采用“CR50型移动式喷粉装置”进行中注管喷稀土粉的试验情况。该方法使稀土收得率达到65％以上,降低稀土合金消耗,提高了成坯率和成材率,并取得了明显的经济效益。     

我国稀土化合物产业现状和展望

从我国稀土资源特点出发，介绍了我国稀土化合物的主要生产工艺和企业状况、单一或混合稀土化合物、特殊物理性能的稀士化合物和复合稀土化合物等稀土化合物产品的生产、研发及应用情况。预测了稀土化合物产业的发展趋势，并提出我国在该领域应加强应用产品研究开发，特别是Ce、La、Y、Pr等稀土元素的应用研究，保持稀土元素的消费平衡，扩大应用领域：提高企业自动控制水平，改善产品的稳定性和一致性；注意保护生态环境。     

稀土氧化物对焊缝金属抗高温氧化腐蚀性能的影响

本文通过在焊条药皮中分别添加微量稀土氧化物Ｌａ２Ｏ３及ＣｅＯ２,研究其对焊条熔敷金属在空气中和含硫气氛中抗高温氧化及腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：微量稀土氧化物在焊条药皮中的加入,对其熔敷金属抗高温氧化性能有所提高,对在含硫气氛中的抗高温腐蚀性能有显著提高,添加Ｌａ２Ｏ３的焊条熔敷金属比添加ＣｅＯ２的焊条具有更好的抗高温硫腐蚀性能。     

Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Rare Earth Benzoates

Rareearthbenzoatesareakind0fstablecompounds.Theco0rdinationcomP0undsf0rmedbyrareearthandcarboxylicacidshaveunusualstructuresandinterestinglundnesceniProperties.Bymeansoff0rmingc0njugaedcomplexes,rareearthmetalsandcarb0xylicacidscanf0rmnetorlayerp0lymerandchangetheirlundnescentprop-erties.S0merareearthcomplexeshavebeenap-Pliedinagricultureaslight-transfeedngmaeri-al8-Althoughthermaldecompositi0nmechanismofrareearthbenz0ateshasbeenreported,itdealswith0nlys0lidphaseproducts["'1,litdeab0utgasPha…     

变色酸偶氮试剂在动力学光度分析中的应用

对变色酸偶氮试剂在催化动力学光度法测定过渡金属、贵金属及非金属含量方面的应用和速差动力学光度法测定混合稀土中单一稀土含量的方法进行了综述     

Research and Development of Rare Earth Advanced Materials in China

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Theoretical elucidation of rare earth extraction and separation by diglycolamides from crystal structures and DFT simulations

Diglycolamides(DGAs) show excellent application prospects for the extraction and separation of rare earth metals from highly radioactive liquid wastes and rare earth ores.The extraction ability of DGAs for rare earth ions in nitrate or chloride media increases with increasing atomic number of the rare earth metal.To understand the origin of this phenomenon,three binuclear crystals [Ln(TEDGA)3][Ln(NO_3)_6] of N,N,N',N'-tetraethyldiglycolamide(TEDGA) with rare earth ions La(Ⅲ),Pr(Ⅲ) and Eu(III) were prepared and characterized crystallographically.The three complexes belong to the triclinic crystal system,P-1 space group.The bond lengths of Ln-O_(amide) are significantly shorter than those of Ln-O_(ether) in the same crystal.The Ln-O_(amide) and Ln-O_(enher) bond lengths gradually decrease with increasing atomic number of the rare earth ion.The dihedral angle formed by TEDGA and metal ions through the tridentate coordination gradually increases with increasing metal ion atomic number,tending toward the formation of sizeable planar coordination structures for the most massive rare earth ions.The structures of the compounds formed by the extractant and metal ion were optimized by means of DFT simulations.We find that the interaction between TEDGA and the rare earth ion is dominated by electrostatic interaction by analyzing binding energy,WBIs,Mulliken charge,natural electron configurations,and molecular orbital interaction.The covalent component of the Ln-O bonds of the complexes increases with increasing metal atomic number.The observed increase in extraction and separation capacity of diglycolamides for rare earth ions with increasing atomic number might be due to the formation of two fivemember rings by one tridentate ligand.The rare earth ions with large atomic numbers tend to form planar structures with large dihedral angles with DGA ligands.     

Rare earth oxides and their supported noble metals in application of environmental catalysis

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs),methane,carbon monoxide,soot,automotive exhaust,and nitrogen oxides are harmful to the atmosphere and human health.It is urgent to strictly control their emissions.Heterogeneous catalysis is an effective pathway for the removal of these pollutants,and the critical issue is the development of novel and high-performance catalysts.In this review,we briefly summarize the preparation methods,physicochemical properties,catalytic activities,and related reaction mechanisms for the above pollutants removal of the rare earth oxides,mixed rare earth oxide,rare earth oxidesupported noble metal,and mixed rare earth oxide-supported noble metal catalysts that have been investigated by our group and other researchers.It was found that catalytic performance was associated with the factors,such as specific surface area,pore structure,particle size and dispersion,adsorbed oxygen species concentration,reducibility,reactant activation ability or interaction between metal nanoparticles and support.Furthermore,we also envision the development trend of such a topic in future work.     

Influence of Rare Earth on Carbide in Weld Metal

Inhardsteelwelds ,thehighcarboncontentisnecessaryandlotsofcarbidesareexpectedtoforminordertoincreasethehardnessandwearresistanceofmaterial.Buttheweldshave poorstrengthandtoughnessowingtotheformationofhighcarbonmartensiteandnetworkcarbides .Ifthecarbidesareturnedinto granularformanddistributedevenly ,thetoughnessofweldmetalcouldbemarkedlyin creased .Forthispurpose ,thehighcarbonNb Ti V Zr REalloysystemwasdesigned .Niobium ,titani um ,vanadiumandzirconiumcouldcombinewithcarbontoformlotsofcarb…     

稀土在杜仲上的应用研究

选用易于观察研究的杜仲幼苗、幼林、种子、扦插用的枝条作为试验材料,研究了稀土在杜仲上的应用效果和施用技术,并研制了一种高效价廉的林用促长剂     

A Quantum Chemical Study on Hexanuclear Cluster Halides of Rare Earth Elements and Their Interstitial Compounds

The electronic structures of rare earth cluster halides R(R_6X_(12)) and their interstitial compounds R_7X_(12)Zwere studied by the DV-X_(?) method (R=Sc,Y,Pr,Gd or Er;X=Cl,Br or I;Z=B,C,N,Fe,Co or Ru).Theresults show that because f electrons in empty rare earth cluster are screened,their orbitals are more difficult tooverlap each other,a deficiency of skeleton orbitals in cluster causing the system to be unstable.They are easilycondensed into chain compound R_2X_3 or R_5X_8.If a light atom of main group is embedded into octahedralcluster,bonding orbitals formed from interstitial atom and rare earth cluster strengthen clusterskeleton bond in the system to reach structural stability.If embedded atom belongs to transition metal,bondingorbitals composed of that of interstitial atom and rare earth cluster take the place of original cluster skeletonorbitals to form heteronuclear metal cluster (or double-coordination compound).     

Correlation Studies of Rare Earth Elements in Syntectonic Intrusions of Strike-Slip Stage along Southern Segment of Tan-Lu Fault Zone

Intrusions in the Zhangbaling uplift zone and the eastern margin of the Dabie orogenic belt belong to the svntectonic intrusions developed during the strike-slip stage in the southern segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone. However, characteristics of rare earth elements show that intrusions in the Zhangbaling uplift zone have the characteristics of mantle source type and those in the eastern margin of Dable belt are the typical crust source type. Therefore, Au-deposits related to the intrusions in the Zhangbaling uplift zone are developed better than those in the eastern margin of the Dabiesban. The research results of the rare earth elements coincide with the studies of geophysics, tectonic setting and stable is otope. It isfurther indicated that the rare earth elements offer effective approach to tracing the material sources of magmatic rocks.     

聚氯乙烯塑料稀土稳定剂的研究开发现状和发展趋势

热稳定剂是聚氯乙烯塑料(PVC)加工中的重要助剂,目前世界各国仍以传统的重金属类热稳定剂为主。未来热稳定剂行业的主要发展趋势是高效、低毒、复合型、无污染,重金属类稳定剂将逐渐被新型环保热稳定剂淘汰。稀土稳定剂作为我国独有的一类热稳定剂,具有热稳定性好、无毒、无污染等许多优点,同时我国具有丰富的稀土资源,因此大力发展稀土热稳定剂是我国热稳定剂行业发展的主要方向。     

Anti-Influenza Virus Activity of Heteropoly Complexes Containing Rare Earth Elements

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Enhancing mineral liberation of a Canadian rare earth ore with microwave pretreatment

Liberation, as an attribute of mineralogy characteristic, whose impacts on finely disseminated Canadian rare earth ore was studied with microwave pretreatment. Samples of a light rare earth ore along with mostly ankerite and biotite as dominant gangue minerals as well as bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite as dominated minerals were exposed to further comminution by ball mill and microwave pretreatment fragmentation. Mineralogical characteristics were analyzed by using a mineral liberation analyzer (MLA). The results indicated that tight association mutually penetrates among dominated minerals in the range size of ?300 + 212 μm and ?212 + 150 μm and gangue minerals in the form of adjacent type, fine vein type, shell type and packing type. Temperature in the ore samples pre-treated by microwave can rapidly rise to 250 °C with microwave power of 0–1.5 kW and microwave time of 0–2 min. Applying the microwave pretreatment merely reduces the hardness of the ore causing the fracture of rare earth ore, but this does not transform or change the original mineralogy characteristics of the ore samples. On the basis of above study, the liberation value of bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite with microwave pretreatment is greater than with conventional comminution when the liberation class is above 75%. The distribution of particle size of rare earth ore samples is better with microwave pretreatment than with conventional comminution for particle size of 7.4 × 10^?5 m. With microwave pretreatment, the theoretical grade–recovery of bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite in the rare earth ore attains better results than with conventional comminution at a given grade.     

Rare Earths of Magmatic Rocks in Yanshanian Stage in Adjacent Region of Anhui and Jiangxi Provinces, Jiangnan Uplift

The geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements of magmatic rocks of Yanshanian stage were studied in the south of Anhui Province and northeast of Jiangxi Province, Jiangnan Uplift. The result shows that the magnmtic rocks of Yanshanian stage in the south of Anhui Province are the typical crust source type and those in the northeast of Jiangxi Province have the characteristics of mantle source type. So the polymetal deposits having relation to the magmatic rocks of Yanshanian stage in the northeast of Jiangxi Province were developed better than those in the south of Anhui Province. The research results of the rare earth elements are confirmed by the studies of geophysics, tectonic setting and stable isotope at the same time. It also indicates that the rare earth elements are the effective approach to tracing the material sources of magmatic rocks.     

Synthesis and Structures of A Series of Novel Rare Earth Transition Metal Sulfates

Seven new rare earth transition metal sulfates were synthesized by hydrothermal reactions under conditions slightly above the critical point of water. Their crystal structures were determined from single crystal X-ray data. The compositions of the new compounds can be represented by two general formulae ： REM （OH） 3 （SO4） and RE2M （OH） 3 （SO4） 2F （H2O） with RE = Gd, Tb, Dy ; M = Ni, Cu. Three different crystal structure types were found for the formula REM （OH） 3 （SO4）. The structures of the new compounds all feature infinite chains of REOn coordination polyhedra, which are connected to chains of CuO6 or NiO6 octabedra. The limited size range of the rare earth cations observed in these compounds is most likely because of interactions between the octabedral chains and the chains of REOn polyhedra. The new compounds are closely related to the known yttrium transition metal sulfates.     

X射线荧光光谱分析稀土的研究进展（综述）

本文对近二十年来X射线荧光光谱仪在稀土分析方面的应用进行了综述。总结了环境、矿物、稀土富集物、单一稀土化合物、稀土金属、合金、稀土功能材料以及过程分析中稀土元素的X射线荧光光谱分析方法,检测方法涉及钢铁、有色金属、石油化工、地质、生物、电子材料等领域。展望了X射线荧光分析方法在稀土行业的应用前景。     

脉冲电解掺杂制备二氧化锰及其性能研究

采用脉冲电解和电解液中加入混合稀土氧化物的方式制备了改性电解二氧化锰。通过循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒流放电等电化学测试，考察了在硫酸锰电解液中加入混合稀土金属氧化物以及采用不同的电沉积方式对MnO2电化学性能的影响。结果表明在电解液加入混合稀土氧化物并采用脉冲电沉积方式对改善MnO2的可逆性和提高放电容量等电化学性能有重要作用，为提高电解二氧化锰的可充性能研究奠定了基础。     

乌兰茶卡北山含矿伟晶岩地球化学特征及地质意义

伟晶岩型矿床是稀有金属矿产的主要来源之一，我国西部地区的稀有金属矿床也以伟晶岩型为典型。柴达木盆地北缘乌兰茶卡北山地区岩浆活动频繁，伟晶岩体发育，具有形成稀有金属矿床的良好条件。为了进一步了解伟晶岩的地球化学特征，加深对区域构造演化以及稀有金属成矿和控矿条件的认识，选择该地区含矿伟晶岩作为研究对象，通过分析岩石矿物组合、岩相学特征、主微量及稀土元素组成，解释了侵入古元古界达肯大坂岩群中的伟晶岩地球化学特征。研究发现样品全碱含量较高，这与形成于大陆弧或板块碰撞环境下的成岩特征相似。稀土配分曲线为右倾型，轻重稀土分馏明显，具有Eu中等负异常，推测含矿伟晶岩源区不仅与地壳有关，而且还具有幔源镁铁质岩浆参与的可能性。研究结果表明：研究区内含矿伟晶岩属于亚碱性岩石类型，轻稀土元素富集，重稀土元素亏损，分馏程度较高，反映出在岩浆演化及伟晶岩成岩过程中幔源物质可能参与了稀有稀土金属的成矿作用。研究认为伟晶岩的物质来源不仅与地壳有关，而且还有幔源物质的参与，推断含矿伟晶岩的地质构造环境可能为后碰撞或碰撞后伸展环境。