提高本科教学质量的若干关系

从管理角度讨论认识与政策，教学与科研，教与学，目标与过程，教育质量与服务，奖励与惩罚，教学方法与手段，教学资源与学分制，职能部门与院系，管理人才与专业人才等10个关系，提出了加强教学质量的途径和措施。     

教育的本末倒置10例

在教育领域里存在本末倒置的现象,常常出现于下列关系中：教学与评估,办学质量与“示范学校”,好教师与“名师”,学术水平与获得课题,高水平与获奖,特色与水平,发展与规范,大学里的学术与行政,世界观、价值观与人生观,人与经济。教育中的本末倒置带来严重问题,也说明高等教育改革任务之繁重。     

提高化工设备与机械高效化浅议

在化工企业的生产过程中,化工设备与机械是关键环节,提高化工设备与机械的高效化对促进化工企业发展具有重要作用。为了提高工设备与机械的工作效率,需要不断开发与设备与机械相关的先进技术,随时监控其运行状态,及时发现设备与机械存在的问题并提出相应的解决方案。本文将对化工设备与机械的发展与特点进行分析,探讨提高化工设备与机械的高效化的具体对策,提高化工企业生产效率。     

德国企业中的设备管理与维修（上）

作者在德国工业企业中进行了为期6个月的关于设备管理与维修的调研与实习.本文较系统地介绍了德国企业中设备管理与维修的理念与模式,设备管理的组织形式,维修计划的制定与实施,企业中设备管理与维修的参数体系,设备的再利用及维修与环保的关系等.     

一门多元性新兴横断学科现代设计法初探

古往今来,人们所创造的精神财富和物质文明,无一不与设计息息相关。无论是管理与体制、计划与组织,还是机械与仪器、建筑与艺术、工艺与生产、生物与医学等等,首先遇到的就是设计问题。现代设计和分析方法(简称现代设计法)     

大型旋转机械状态监测与故障诊断研究进展

分析了旋转机械状态监测与故障诊断研究的重要意义。提出了一种由状态监测与故障诊断理论和方法、状态监测与故障诊断关键技术、状态监测与故障诊断系统、状态监测与故障诊断工程应用四个方面相互支撑的旋转机械状态监测与诊断研究的体系架构,给出了一个超超临界汽轮发电机组状态监测与故障诊断系统研究的实例。分别综述了大型旋转机械状态监测与故障诊断的理论和方法、关键技术、应用系统研究及其工程应用的进展,提出了对于旋转机械状态监测与诊断研究的思考与建议。     

论人文科学的十大基本问题

时代呼唤人文科学,人文科学应得到全面发展。但我国的人文科学不仅难以发展,而且陷入了集体失语、话语权危机的困境之中。究其原因,除没有相应的社会现实基础之外,最主要的还是人文科学自己使自己难于发展,即被有用与无用、本体与主体、特殊与普遍、实践与理性、传统与现代、中学与西学、启蒙与解放、人文与生态、尊德与问学、接着与照着等问题缠绕着而难于发展。提出问题,分析学理上的困境,旨在呼唤人文科学的回归。     

第十五届全国设备监测与诊断学术会议征文通知

会议主题:研究探讨"十二五"期间的设备监测与诊断技术的发展与应用。征文内容:设备监测与诊断技术的发展、现状、趋势与综述;设备状态监测与故障诊断技术原理、方法与工程应用;设备监测与诊断的现代技术与智能技术;振动、声、油液、电气、无损、红外等故障诊断技术及应用;设备科学维护和智能维护技     

提高和发展我国制造业需要处理好十大关系

简述了中国制造业的发展历史，分析了世界工业发达国家制造业的发展趋势，指出中国制造业当前存在的问题。提出在提高和发展中国制造业的过程中需要处理好十大关系：参与全球竞争与发展民族工业、国有与其它所有制企业、经济高速发展与持续发展、各型产业之间、科技与经济、高技术与制造业、年轻化与老中青、高层次人才与实用性人才、跨越式发展与渐进式发展、政府行为与企业行为之间的关系。     

基于几何推理的汽车产品装配与拆卸评价方法的研究

产品的装配与拆卸是DFX的关键,也是产品全生命周期工程设计(LCED)研究的重要热点问题之一.在分析汽车产品装配与拆卸特点的基础上,对装配与拆卸相关的术语作了定义,并建立了汽车产品装配与拆卸评价的模型.根据装配与拆卸的异同,本文了提出了装配性与拆卸性的协调机制及一种能够与传统CAD系统集成的装配与拆卸分析方法,为汽车产品DFX的设计与评价提供了理论基础.     

Torsion of thin-walled beams of open cross-section with influence of shear

An approximate analytical approach to the torsion of thin-walled beams of open cross-section with influence of shear is presented. It is assumed that the normal stresses in the cross-section contour direction are small compared to the normal stresses in the beam longitudinal direction that can be ignored in the stress–strain relations. The stresses and displacements are obtained in the closed analytical form. It is assumed that transverse load can be reduced to moments of torsion only, with respect to the cross-section shear centre. The beam will be subjected to torsion, with respect to the shear centre, i.e. the principal cross-section sectorial coordinate, in the case of cross-sections with two axes of symmetry; to torsion and bending in the case of cross-sections with one axes of symmetry and to torsion, bending and tension in the case of general cross-sections. An illustrative example of beam with one axis of symmetry is given.     

旋转射流风机消除回采工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚的可行性分析

针对"U"型通风系统采煤工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚问题,结合旋转射流流动规律和采煤工作面环境,提出了利用旋转射流风机解决此问题的新途径,并给出了确定风机参数的方法.通过应用Fluent软件模拟,结果表明,利用旋转射流风机处理采煤工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚是有效的、可行的.     

Influence of stimulants on electrodermal studies in Fragile X syndrome

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is seen in the majority of children with Fragile X Syndrome (FraX). Previous work has documented an enhanced sweat response to stimuli in children with FraX compared to controls utilizing electrodermal response (EDR) measures. The present study assesses the EDRs both on and off stimulants in 19 children with ADHD and FraX compared to 17 age- and IQ-matched control patients with ADHD and developmental delays. Although the baseline EDRs were comparable between FraX patients and controls, the patients with FraX had a significant decrease in EDR amplitude and number of peaks when treated with stimulants compared to controls. This suggests that patients with FraX are more responsive to the enhancement of inhibitory systems that occur with stimulant use for ADHD. The use of a quantifiable measure, such as EDR, is recommended in future studies of treatment efficacy.     

高校金工实习的改革与探讨

根据高职院校人才培养的目标和模式,结合工科专业学生金工实习的实际情况．提出了建设性的改进措施和途径,即合理安排组织和实施金工实习,注重理论与实践的有机结合,以培养学生技能为目标,走产、学、研结合的道路,与企业界合作共建实践教学基地,提高金工实习指导教师的素质。     

基于李群李代数的主被动关节机器人动力学及控制

采用李群李代数符号描述了含主被动关节机器人的动力学分析和控制问题。首先用李群李代数描述了机器人的反向动力学,然后将牛顿-欧拉方法和铰接体惯量方法结合起来,给出了含主被动关节的机器人动力学解决方法。利用动力学方法得到的结果,采用计算力矩控制方法进行仿真,并与PID控制方法的仿真结果进行比较,验证了计算力矩方法的较好的性能特征。     

Infrared Emission Spectrophotometric Study of the Changes Produced by TiN Coating of Metal Surfaces in an Operating EHD Contact

Infrared emission spectra and related measurements were obtained from an operating ball/plate EHD sliding contact under a variety of operating conditions. In order to be able to compare the effect of the ball surface, some of the steel balls were coated with a thin layer of titanium nitride (TiN) by vapor deposition. Polyphenyl ether (5P4E) was used as the lubricant and 1 percent of 1,1,2-trichloroethane (TCE) as an additive with a high affinity for steel but a low affinity for TiN. TiN is chemically inert, but its thermal conductivity is lower than that of steel. Therefore, the overall temperatures with TiN-coated balls were higher. Nevertheless, no scuffing was observed with the coated balls under conditions giving rise to scuffing with the uncoated balls. Tractions were lower with the TiN-coated balls and with the steel balls when TCE was added to the 5P4E. These findings were found to be inversely related to the degree of polarization of the spectral emission bands. The intensity and the dichroism of these bands were related to shear rates and inlet conditions of the EHD contact.     

自然旋光与法拉第效应的实验研究

介绍了自然旋光与法拉第效应偏转角的测量方法,讨论了两种效应下偏转角的影响因素,说明了两种效应的应用领域。由分析得到:自然旋光偏转角的大小只与晶体有关,与磁场无关,而旋光方向与光的传播方向有关;法拉第效应偏转角的大小正比于磁感应强度,其偏转角旋光方向只与磁场方向有关,与光的传播方向无关;光往返通过自然旋光晶体时,偏转角相互抵消,磁致旋光晶体偏转角则实现累加。利用晶体的法拉第效应,可将其制成光学隔离器或单通光闸等器件。     

基于HALCON的板料成形网格应变的测量

计算机视觉在网格应变测量领域的应用已成为研究热点,本实验是基于先进的图像处理软件HALCON,利用双目立体视觉原理,对印制有圆形网格的板料应变测量.首先采用印制有圆形标志点的平面标准标定板,对摄像机进行标定,获得摄像机的内外参数.采用基于NCC的匹配方法对左右图像特征点进行匹配,利用视差原理获得匹配点的三维坐标,对印制有圆形网格的板料进行三维重建.然后根据圆形网格变形后的椭圆长短轴的长度变化,计算得到真实应变,用OpenGL语言将应变可视化.     

Transition Temperatures in Sliding Systems

A pin-on-disk type of apparatus is used to study the effect of operating variables on transition temperatures with dilute solutions of pure fatty acids in pure paraffinic hydrocarbons and with a straight paraffinic mineral oil. It is found that the temperature at which the sudden transition from low to high friction and wear occurs increases with sliding speed, decreases with load, and is otherwise independent of operating variables. Empirically, the reciprocal of the absolute transition temperature varies linearly with the logarithm of the ratio of load to speed. The absence of conventional hydrodynamic lubrication in this system is demonstrated.

It is concluded that these results are inconsistent with the widely accepted concept that boundary lubricants must form a “solid” adsorbed film to be effective. It appears necessary to adopt a modified view of the role of the boundary lubricant, in which rheological and other diverse physical characteristics must be considered, and not simply the state of matter in which it exists. In addition, it appears necessary to consider the interrelated kinetics of boundary film formation and welding between asperities.     

Role of thermal,mechanical and oxidising treatment on structure and chemistry of carbon black and its impact on wear and friction: Part 2 – Boundary lubrication condition

Mineral oil formulations with zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) and dispersant (poly isobutylene succinimide ashless dispersant or ‘PIBSA’) and fully formulated oils with and without carbon black were subjected to thermal and mechanical treatment and tribologically tested on TE 77 (high frequency reciprocating rig or ‘HFRR’) machine to examine the frictional performance during the test. These results were compared to oils without carbon black and oils with diesel soot. Results indicate that oils with just ZDDP and dispersant had the highest friction that remains constant for the duration of the test while oils with carbon black in the milled and oxidised condition had the lowest coefficient of friction and the smallest surface roughness in the tribofilm. The mechanism of wear with treated carbon black and diesel soot was found to be polishing wear as evidenced by the scanning probe microscopy images of the tribofilms. Tribofilms were analysed with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and it was seen that oils without carbon black or even with untreated carbon black had sulphates at the surface, while the oils with carbon black that were treated had a higher proportion of sulphides. A combination of both FeS and ZnS was found in the tribofilms along with short chain phosphates of Zn.