溶胶-凝胶方法制备ZnO：Al薄膜及其制备工艺条件研究

采用Sol—Gel工艺在玻璃基片上制备出C轴择优取向性、高可见光透过率以及高电导率的Al^3＋离子掺杂的ZnO透明导电薄膜ZnO：Al（ZAO薄膜）．并研究了退火温度、Al掺杂量等对其光电性能的影响．结果表明，溶胶-凝胶法制备ZAO薄膜的最佳工艺条件为：溶胶浓度0．75mol／L、掺杂量1．5atm％，镀膜层数10层（厚度约为136nm）、退火温度600℃．     

溶胶-凝胶法制备LiNbO3薄膜的研究

对近年来有关溶液－凝胶法制备LiNbO3薄膜的研究进行了较详细的论述，分析讨论了在溶胶－凝胶法制备了LiNbO3薄膜过程中，各主要因素对LiNbO3薄膜制备的影响，简要地介绍了LiNbO3薄膜的一些性能。研究结果表明，目前可以用溶胶－凝胶法在蓝宝石及LiTaO3等基板（基板的晶格参数与LiNbO3的晶格参数失配较小）上制备出有光学应用的LiNbO3薄膜，制膜的热处理温度通常在500℃左右，讨论了溶胶－凝胶法制备LiNbO3薄膜过程中存在的主要问题、发展前景有今后的研究方向。     

铅-二氧化钛薄膜的制备与光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,醋酸铅为铅物种掺杂给体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备经铅掺杂改性的二氧化钛溶胶,利用浸渍提拉法在普通玻璃片上制备铅-二氧化钛薄膜,利用X射线衍射（XRD）及扫描电镜（SEM）测试手段对制备的样品进行表征,考察煅烧温度、掺铅量等影响因素。以甲基橙溶液为模拟污染物,30 W紫外灯为光源,考察了铅-二氧化钛薄膜的光催化活性。研究结果表明,掺杂适量的铅离子可以促进二氧化钛锐钛矿相含量的增加及晶粒尺寸的减小;随着煅烧温度的升高,铅-二氧化钛的结晶度提高,复合薄膜表面的二氧化钛颗粒形貌逐渐变为规则形状。当煅烧温度为600 ℃、铅质量分数为0.3%时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。     

纳米二氧化钛薄膜制备方法研究进展

二氧化钛纳米晶薄膜优异的性能使其成为研究焦点,制备二氧化钛薄膜有着重要的现实意义。介绍了近年来国内外二氧化钛薄膜制备技术的研究进展,主要涉及高活性二氧化钛光催化薄膜的制备(制备方法包括溶胶-凝胶法、丝网印刷法、激光化学气相沉积法、水热结晶法、电泳法等),负载二氧化钛薄膜常用的载体,以及在环境保护等方面的应用研究现状,并指出以后的研究方向。     

二氧化钛薄膜制备工艺的研究进展

二氧化钛薄膜是一种具有光、电特性的廉价的半导体材料，近年来受到研究人员的广泛关注，二氧化钛薄膜的这些特殊性能使其应用于诸多领域。不同的制备工艺可以得到性能不同的二氧化钛薄膜，使其适用于相关领域。简要叙述了二氧化钛薄膜的基本特性及应用，主要介绍了电化学法、溅射法、溶胶-凝胶法和水解沉淀法等二氧化钛薄膜制备工艺的原理、研究现状和优缺点，并根据各工艺的不足，指出了今后的发展趋势。     

纳米二氧化钛薄膜的制备技术及在环境保护中的应用

根据近几年国内外纳米二氧化钛薄膜材料的研究现状,对真空蒸发法、溅射法、溶胶．凝胶法、化学气相沉积法等方法的研究进行了综述,论述了当前二氧化钛薄膜的制备技术和最新研究方向及在环境保护方面的应用。二氧化钛薄膜材料在光电转换、生物医药、抗菌自洁等领域将有着广泛的应用前景,并对其今后发展进行了展望。     

光电催化反应处理染料废水的复合催化剂设计与合成

为了提高TiO_2的光电催化性能,在二氧化钛里掺杂稀土金属元素和非金属元素以提高其光电催化性能。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备La-N-TiO_2催化剂,通过正交试验设计催化剂的最佳组分和制备条件,在光电协同催化体系中考察催化剂的催化脱色效果。     

钴掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂制备及光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纯二氧化钛和不同钴掺杂量的二氧化钛复合纳米粒子。并用XRD、UV-Vis对样品组织结构进行了表征。以甲基橙（OM）的光催化降解为探针反应,评价了可见光催化活性,研究了不同热处理温度、不同钴掺杂量对二氧化钛光催化性能的影响。确定了最佳钴掺杂量和热处理温度分别为1%（物质的量分数）和600  ℃。在此条件下,钴的掺杂对二氧化钛的相变有很大的抑制作用,并使其光谱响应范围向可见光区拓展。与未掺杂的二氧化钛相比较,经钴掺杂的二氧化钛具有更高的催化性能。     

La+掺杂纳米TiO2薄膜的制备及降解烟雾性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为原料采用溶胶凝胶法制备了金属镧离子掺杂的纳米二氧化钛溶胶通过拉提-浸渍的方法将其负载到载玻片上,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对薄膜进行表征。研究了镀膜层数,焙烧温度对薄膜的晶型、表面形貌及吸附降解香烟烟雾性能的影响。结果表明,经过500℃热处理后的适量掺杂镧离子的二氧化钛主要以锐钛矿晶型存在,在紫外光照射下对香烟烟雾有很好的吸附降解作用。     

玻璃表面上掺杂ZnFe2O4的TiO2薄膜光催化性能的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法在玻璃表面制备了掺杂ZnFe2O4的TiO2薄膜，通过改变ZnFe2O4的掺杂量和薄膜的热处理温度，研究了ZnFe2O4对TiO2薄膜光催化性能的影响。利用紫外光谱、SEM、XRD等测试手段指出了在TiO2薄膜中掺杂ZnFe2O4后，能较大幅度地提高TiO2薄膜的光催化活性。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。