ＡＯＤ炉炉温在线检测的研究与实现

针对AOD红外副枪测温法中多种不确定背景辐射导致的发射率波动问题,提出了基于双色测温原理和黑体等温空腔理论的底枪测温法,稳定了铁水的发射率．应用基于最小二乘法的曲线回归实现红外测温设备的现场校准,完成温度补偿．通过在样炉上的精炼实验证明底枪测温系统具有较高的精度和可重复性,可以满足实际生产的要求．     

粗糙表面的发射率特性研究

介绍了一种基于粗糙表面的散射特性研究发射率的方法.利用基尔霍夫近似计算了粗糙表面的散射系数,并基于该系数讨论了发射率的变化规律.数值结果表明,随着入射角的增大,发射率逐渐增大,并在一定角度后趋近于1.这一规律将为提高辐射测温的测量精度提供极大的帮助.     

发射率对辐射测温精度的影响及其在线测量技术

在阐明物体表面的发射率对辐射测温精度有重要影响的基础上,评述了发射率的在线测量技术。     

非线性最小二乘法在多波长辐射测温中的应用

根据多波长辐射测温的基础理论，与著名的发射率和波长的假设函数，利用非线性最小二乘法对多波长辐射测温公式进行了拟合。给出了在有限波长间隔下的波段发射率。     

双色测温原理在热成像上的应用

本文提出一种新的红外热成像方法。用单通道实现比色成像,可明显地降低物体表面发射率及其它因素对测温精度的影响。     

红外热像测温中真实温度的计算

在阐述红外热像测温原理的基础上,推导出实际应用中各种条件下计算被测表面真实温度的通用计算公式,最后提出在实际测温中,应尽量准确测出被测表面发射率值.     

电气设备红外测温影响因数及温度修正

红外测温在电气设备温度测量的应用日趋广泛,但是测温精度易受外界干扰.研究了影响红外测温的3个主要因素,即设备发射率、大气衰减、环境因素,并提出了解决方法.通过实验采用修正算法得出了准确的温度数据,同时利用两种比较法来对修正后的温度进行判断.     

红外测温仪在纺织上使用的条件及方法

介绍了红外测温仪在纺织测温方面的应用情况。就预置试样的发射率不同、测量位置不同及试样受到红外辐射的照度不同等３种情况对红外测温结果的影响，探讨了准确测温的最佳使用条件和方法。     

红外辐射测温仪主要工作参数确定及在线自动测试系统开发

介绍了红外辐射测义光学系统视场图的确定方法,以及物体发射率对测温的影响,在实际应用中,采用微机自动测温系统对热物件进行测量,保证了测量精度和数据的可靠性。     

有效发射率的计算方法

有效发射率在辐射计算中有着十分重要的作用,在非接触式辐射测温设备中,黑体是测温设备中十分关键的组成部分,而黑体的有效发射率的精确测量直接影响到测温设备的准确性.为此,总结了多种有效发射率的计算方法,对各种方法的原理算法进行了介绍,对比了各方法中存在的联系与不足.由推导过程发现,积分法和多次反射法在等温漫射条件下,精度较高,但对于不同形状的腔体计算较为复杂;蒙特卡洛法在等温非等温条件下均适用,对空腔形状和腔体微元的辐射特性处理有很好的适应性,且计算简单,结果精确.     

高温炉内黑体空腔精度研究

用热电偶保护管作为黑体空腔，使其成为辐射温度的测量目标。用辐射温度计代替铂铑热电偶从而节约贵金属，在几种不同情况下在高温炉内分别测量了ＳｉＣ管和高铝管的温度分布，对其精度等级进行了评价。结果表明，其精度主要取决于热电偶保护管的材料发射率，插入深度和波长。     

等温圆柱型空腔表面辐射传递方向分布特性

用蒙特卡罗法计算了圆柱型空腔底面与管内壁面单元之间的辐射传递系数,研究了底面为黑体表面、管内壁面为等温灰体、漫发射、漫反射时,管内壁发射率、管长与半径比的变化对管口表面定向发射率的影响,结果表明:管长与半径比增加,管口表面定向发射率极值点向小角度的天顶角方向移动,管长与半径比超过30,管口表面最大定向发射率对应天顶角<2°;管内壁发射率为变量时,距离管出口1倍管内直径处的发射率对管口表面最大定向发射率的影响较大;管内壁的发射率越小,管口表面定向辐射集中特性越好.     

宝钢2号高炉钛球护炉生产实践

分析了钛球护炉对高炉生产各种参数的影响。钛矿护炉期间,渣铁含钛量上升,增加了铁水粘度,减小了渣铁对炉缸的机械冲刷;燃料比上升了6.7kg/t;炉缸热负荷稳步下降,有效地保护了炉缸;由于渣铁含钛量增加,粘度增加,使平均每炉出铁时间延长了约18min;侧壁温度明显下降。钛球护炉成效显著。     

Multispectral thermometry based on neural network

0　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｏｆｍｕｌｔｉｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｔｈｅｒｍｏｍｅｔｒｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎｍａｉｎｌｙｕｓｅｄｆｏｒｄｙｎａｍｉｃｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｒｕｅｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌ ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｕｌｔｒａｈｉｇｈｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｔａｒｇｅｔｓ ,ｉｎＥｕｒｏｐｅａｎｄＡｍｅｒｉｃａｓｉｎｃｅｔｈｅｅｉｇｈｔｉｅｓ .6 ｗａｖｅｌｅｎｇｔｈｐｙｒｏｍｅｔｅｒｓｗｉｔｈｏｐｔｉｃａ…     

Heating and melting mechanism of stainless steelmaking dust pellet in liquid slag

The heating and melting mechanisms of the pellets immersed in liquid slag were investigated, and the effect of the pellet heating and the melting conditions were studied. The results show that the dust component in the pellet is melted from the surface and no metallic elements are melted before the dust component, the time for the pellet completely melted is reduced as the iron powder content increases since the metallic iron has high thermal conductivity. These are four stages of heating and melting of pellet in liquid slag, they are the growth and melt of solid slag shell, penetration of liquid slag, dissolving of dust component and melting of reduced metals. The lifetime of the solid slag shell is in the range of 7-16 s and increasing the pre-heating temperature of the pellet and the slag temperature can shorten the slag shell lifetime. The time for the dust component in the pellet to be melted completely is in the range of 20-45 s and increasing the pre-heating temperature, especially in the range of 600-800 ℃, can obviously reduce the melting time. A higher slag temperature can also improve the pellet melting and the melting time is reduced by 10-15 s when the slag temperature is increased from 1 450 to 1 550 ℃. The pellet with higher content of iron powder is beneficial to the melting by improving the heat conductivity.     

Methods of data processing in multi-wavelength thermometry

Several kinds of multi-wavelength pyrometers havebeen designed and widely used since 1954[1 -4]. Butthe processing of multi-wavelength pyrometer data is aproblem that needs further improvements. The solutionsdeveloped in earlier decades generally assumed oneparticular mathematical relation for emissivity versuswavelength in the wavelength range of the measure-ments. Sometimes this assumption worked and pro-duced acceptable results, but in many other cases thisapproach provided wrong results. I…     

Preparation of high emissivity NiCr2O4 powders with a spinel structure by spray drying

Spray-drying was used to produce the high emissivity NiCr2O4 powders with a spinel structure. Preliminary investigations focused on fabricating the high emissivity powders for infrared radiation coatings and finding the relationship between microstructure and emissivity. The NiCr2O4 powders were characterized for composition, microstructure, and infrared emissivity by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared radiant instrument, and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR). Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis show that the appropriate baking temperature for NiCr2O4 powder preparation is about 1200?C. The emissivity measurement and FT-IR spectra show that, because of the special spinel structure, the NiCr2O4 powders have a high emissivity about 0.91. Spray-drying is a suitable method to produce the high emissivity ceramic powders.     

辐射率变化对测温精度的影响及误差分析

介绍了被测物体辐射率因受材料．表面状态、温度、波长及其分布方向的影响而引起的测温误差变化,以及如何选用合适的辐射率使由此造成的测温误差最小的计算方法．     

外翅片铸铁管在低温空冷器中的应用探讨

为消除间隙热阻对传热造成的不利影响,采用自行设计的外翅片铸铁管制成空气冷却器,在较低温度下进行了冷却冷媒溶液的实验研究,验证了铸铁式空冷器的制冷效果.通过实验,得到了铸铁式低温空冷器在不同流量下的传热系数,以及在特定流量下的传热性能.实验结果表明,铸铁式空冷器的传热系数是随着管内工质流速的增加而增大的,并且增加的幅度是逐渐减小的.外翅片铸铁管消除了间隙热阻,换热能力较好,同时造价低廉,可以作为低温空冷器的散热管使用.     

Monte-Carlo Studies and Computer Modelling of Multi-wavelength Pyrometry

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