铝合金蜂窝结构轴向压缩吸能特性

基于轴向平压试验,对不同边长的蜂窝铝吸能特性展开评估,并利用ABAQUS/Explicit软件进行平压试验仿真,仿真结果和试验基本吻合,同时获取了蜂窝铝结构的仿真参数。通过该仿真模型研究了壁厚对蜂窝铝吸能特性的影响,并引入了参数质量比吸能增率,表征质量增率与吸能增率的关系。结果表明,在吸能体积一定的情况下,边长减小或壁厚增加时,吸能增率为质量增率的两倍。     

铝蜂窝“Y”形单元准静态压溃有限元模拟研究

目的基于胶接强度对铝蜂窝吸能特性的重要影响,利用铝蜂窝的最小周期结构——"Y"型单元研究铝蜂窝结构的异面压缩变形过程和能量吸收特性,以了解不同胶黏剂对铝蜂窝吸能性能的影响。方法以Von Mises本构模型来表征胶黏剂的力学性能,建立一种含胶层的"Y"型单元有限元模型,模拟铝蜂窝结构的压溃变形过程,并得到胶层的变形和失效现象。结果不同胶黏剂失效情况不同,与之对应"Y"型单元的平均压缩强度和能量吸能值也有区别。该模型能够有效地模拟铝蜂窝结构的压溃变形过程,并准确预报胶层的变形和失效。通过实验验证所建立的"Y"型单元有限元模型计算精度能够满足实际工程需要。结论通过对"Y"形的单元准静态的压溃有限元模拟,选择了合适的胶黏剂制造铝蜂窝,并为后续包装缓冲件深入研究打下了基础。     

层间配置对成层式铝蜂窝吸能特性的影响

为了考察层间配置对成层式铝蜂窝吸能特性的影响,设计了由4种类型铝蜂窝组成的多种成层式铝蜂窝结构,主要包括单层、双层、三层、四层的组合形式,分别对其进行准静力单轴压缩试验。结果表明:峰值力和平均平台力与面密度成正比,但随着蜂窝高度的增加,二者略微下降;等质量等尺寸的条件下,成层式蜂窝优于单层蜂窝;对比双层铝蜂窝结构发现,不等高成层结构更具缓冲吸能优势;对于同种蜂窝,随着叠层数的增加,MP值逐渐下降;根据压溃行为分析可知,当成层式铝蜂窝结构的层数大于等于4时,不能充分发挥其缓冲吸能作用。考虑到降低峰值力同时提高吸能水平,将上下层设置较硬型铝蜂窝、中间层设置较软型铝蜂窝的成层式结构可优先选择。     

纸夹芯和泡沫复合层状结构的静态缓冲吸能特性研究

针对由发泡聚乙烯（EPE）、瓦楞纸板、蜂窝纸板组成的复合层状结构的包装防护作用,通过实验对比分析了这类结构的横向静态压缩变形特征和缓冲吸能特性。结果表明,这类结构在压缩初始阶段和最后阶段主要表现为EPE的力学性能,而在中间阶段为瓦楞纸板、蜂窝纸板的力学性能。复合层状结构的弹性模量、总吸能、行程利用率均高于EPE,而单位体积变形能则由于试样厚度增加幅值不同,并未表现出与总吸能一致的变化规律。比吸能随着压缩应变增大而增加,几乎不受压缩速度的影响,其中EPE与蜂窝纸板复合层状结构的比吸能均大于EPE与瓦楞纸板复合结构。在应力水平较小时,EPE与瓦楞纸板复合层状结构的能量吸收效率大,然而在应力水平较大时,EPE与蜂窝纸板复合的能量吸收效率大。     

一种新型蜂窝纸板包边工艺及其制品缓冲性能研究

提出了一种新型的蜂窝纸板包边工艺,以实现包边工序的机械化和自动化,并研究了该包边工艺下制品侧面的缓冲性能。对传统手工包边工艺生产的蜂窝纸板与所提出新型包边工艺生产的蜂窝纸板进行了对比实验,并采用多次曲线拟合的方法比较所得实验结果。研究结果表明,新型蜂窝纸板包边工艺是切实可行的,蜂窝纸板侧面在受集中载荷时,新型的包边工艺生产的蜂窝纸板的侧面缓冲吸能能力大于同种规格手工包边方式生产的蜂窝纸板;当蜂窝纸板的厚度小于40 mm时,传统手工包边工艺生产的蜂窝纸板的缓冲吸能能力随蜂窝纸板厚度的增加没有明显的变化趋势,而采用新型包边工艺生产的蜂窝纸板,其缓冲吸能能力随着蜂窝纸板厚度的增加而增强。     

多孔材料缓冲吸能特性表征方法

分析了多孔材料缓冲吸能机理，综述了多孔缓冲材料吸能特性的几种表征方法：缓冲曲线、缓冲系数、Janssen因子、Rusch曲线、能量吸收率曲线和能量吸收图，并分析了各种表征方法的优缺点。能量吸收图汇集了应变率和材料结构特征等信息，且能够模型化，对于不同密度多孔材料吸能特性的表征具有一定的普适性。     

闭孔泡沫铝的力学性能和吸能能力

在闭孔泡沫铝准静态压缩试验的基础上,研究了其力学性能、吸能能力。结果表明,闭孔泡沫铝单轴压缩应力-应变曲线呈现线弹性变形、塑性平台阶段、致密化阶段3个阶段;闭孔泡沫铝的压缩强度、吸能能力随着孔隙率的增大而减小,采用Gibson-Ashby模型分析闭孔泡沫铝的压缩屈服强度,吻合良好。并在此基础上,提出可供工程使用的多孔泡沫金属吸能能力公式,为其工程应用提供理论支持。     

汽车碰撞事故缓冲吸能装置设计

本文在系统地研究了国内外汽车碰撞缓冲吸能方法的基础上,通过在车辆纵梁和前保险杠之间安装一套可伸缩的缓冲吸能装置,以实现在碰撞前将设计安装在原吸能梁中的辅助吸能梁及保险杠的中段伸出车外并将其限位,使其参与碰撞吸能,达到增加吸能空间,延长碰撞时间历程的效果。该装置具有结构简单紧凑、成本低廉、可靠性强等优点,具有重要的研究意义和实用价值。     

不同规格蜂窝纸板缓冲性能的研究

通过静态压缩和动态压缩试验,研究蜂窝纸板的静态缓冲特性和动态缓冲特性与它的蜂窝芯柱、蜂窝孔径的关系.根据静态压缩试验所得的应力-应变曲线计算出蜂窝纸板的缓冲系数-应变曲线,根据动态压缩试验所得的最大加速度-时间曲线计算出缓冲系数-静应力曲线,为包装中蜂窝纸板的尺寸设计提供一定的参考.     

蜂窝纸板缓冲性能的研究及应用

通过蜂窝纸板的静态压缩性能试验,对其缓冲性能进行了研究。同时,将蜂窝纸板一较常用的缓冲材料进行比较,对是逢氏板在包装领域的应用起到积极作用。     

铝蜂窝串联缓冲结构静态压缩仿真与试验研究

为更好设计多级铝蜂窝缓冲结构,为星球着陆器缓冲结构设计提供理论依据,对串联式铝蜂窝结构进行静态压缩的仿真与试验研究。针对仿真模型规格的多样性,为提高仿真效率,基于PCL语言编写参数化建模分析程序,实现有限元模型的自动建立。通过与理论公式及试验结果对比,证明有限元模型可准确计算串联铝蜂窝缓冲结构受静态压缩载荷作用下的平均应力及极限应变值,能准确提供整个变形过程铝蜂窝所受载荷信息。与传统的试验方法相比,该有限元仿真模型计算成本低、不受试验条件限制,且有较高的计算精度。仿真与试验研究表明,对同一尺寸蜂窝,与单个铝蜂窝缓冲器相比,串联式组合铝蜂窝缓冲器能吸收更多的能量。     

Experimental investigation of energy-absorption characteristics of components of sandwich structures

Two series of experiments are performed to investigate the dynamic response of various essential components of a class of sandwich structures, under high-rate inertial loads. One consists of dynamic inertia tests and the other involves dynamic impact tests. A split Hopkinson bar apparatus is modified and used for these experiments.     

The derivation of equivalent constitutive equations of honeycomb structures by a two scale method

This paper evaluates the equivalent transverse shear and in-plane moduli of honeycomb cellular structures. The derivation is based upon a two scale method for the homogenization of periodic media. The equivalent two dimensional constitutive equations are evaluated analytically in terms of their geometry and material properties. The present results compare well with some of the existing analytical results obtained by conventional approaches and show the errors of some of the earlier results. The present method is a systemetic and rational technique for the homogenization of periodically inhomogeneous media. It allows us to derive the equivalent mechanical properties of honeybombs systemetically for the analysis and design of cellular structures of honeycomb. The structural efficiency of honeycombs will also be discussed.This work was supported by the GRC of Hong Kong Under Grant No. HKUST 019/91     

梯度铝蜂窝夹芯板的力学行为

梯度分层铝合金蜂窝板是一种有效的吸能结构,本工作在梯度铝蜂窝结构的基础上根据梯度率的概念,通过改变蜂窝芯层的胞壁长度,设计了4种质量相同、梯度率不同的铝蜂窝夹芯结构。通过准静态压缩实验,并结合非线性有限元模拟准静态及冲击态下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构的变形情况及其力学性能,分析对比了相同质量下梯度铝蜂窝夹芯结构在准静态下的变形模式以及冲击载荷下分层均质蜂窝结构和不同梯度率的分层梯度蜂窝结构的动态响应和能量吸收特性。结果表明:在准静态压缩过程中,铝蜂窝梯度夹芯板的变形具有明显的局部化特征,蜂窝芯的变形为低密度优先变形直至密实,层级之间的密实化应变差随芯层密度的增大而逐渐减小;在高速冲击下,梯度蜂窝板并非严格按照准静态过程中逐级变形直至密实,而是在锤头冲击惯性及芯层密度的相互作用下整体发生的线弹性变形、弹性屈曲、塑性坍塌及密实化;另外,在本工作所设计的梯度率中,当梯度率为γ₁=0.0276时,梯度蜂窝夹芯板的吸能性达到最好,相较于同等质量下的均质蜂窝夹芯板,能量吸收提高了10.63%。     

Hypervelocity impact on honeycomb target structures: Experiments and modeling

This paper reviews some experimental and modeling works carried out at the CEG on hypervelocity ballistic properties of honeycomb structures representative of satellites structural bodies. Honeycomb structural panels were considered for HVI experiments using CEG's Persephone two-stage light gas gun in order to provide reference data to assess the Ouranos simulation software that was then used intensively during the second phase of the study. A ballistic limit equation (BLE) derived from Christiansen's equation was fitted for projectile velocities ranging from 2 to 10 km/s under normal and oblique impacts. In case of perforation, when the projectile diameter is greater than the critical perforation diameter, particle clouds orientation and amplitude in the plane of impact have been characterised and modeled analytically for inclusion within a global vulnerability software.     

多级复合材料蜂窝结构的力学性能

根据多级结构设计思想,把高性能聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺（PMI）泡沫加入到单向碳纤维增强树脂复合材料之间,制备多级复合材料蜂窝结构。对多级复合材料蜂窝结构的平压性能进行了研究,包括多级复合材料蜂窝结构平压性能的理论预报和试验验证。研究了多级复合材料蜂窝结构平压性能随结构等效密度变化的关系。并对多级复合材料蜂窝结构的三点弯曲性能进行了研究,主要包括理论预报和试验验证。通过理论研究对结构的失效模式进行了预报,绘制了失效模式机制图,并通过三点弯曲试验对理论预报结果进行了验证。      

Mechanical properties of super honeycomb structures based on carbon nanotubes

As a result of repeating carbon nanotube Y junctions periodically, super honeycomb structures have recently been proposed. In this paper, the mechanical properties of these structures are investigated by using the shell model of the finite element method. The study shows that the super honeycomb structures have great flexibility and outstanding capability in force transferring; the network configuration increases the ductility of the nanomaterials. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the equivalent tensile modulus and Poisson's ratio of super structures are dependent on the number of junctions in the width direction.     

Assessment of semi-impregnated fabrics in honeycomb sandwich structures

Semi-impregnated fabrics, or semipregs, are fabrics alternating dry and resin impregnated areas along the fibre bed surface. Due to their increased initial through thickness permeability to gas flow, these could constitute an alternative to prepreg in the skins of vacuum-bagged honeycomb sandwich structures, reducing the pressure in the honeycomb. The semipreg through thickness air permeability before cure is measured and is approximately three orders of magnitude higher than that of a unidirectional prepreg impregnated with the same resin. A model is proposed for the air permeability change during cure, as dry areas get infiltrated. Due to resin pouring inside the honeycomb cells, this type of semipreg is viable as a skin only if combined with a material that has low permeability to resin, e.g., a prepreg.     

Energy absorption diagrams of paper honeycomb sandwich structures

It is very important to evaluate the cushioning properties of paper honeycomb sandwich structures for optimizing pack design. The energy absorption diagram is one method to characterize the cushioning properties of materials. In this paper, we investigate energy absorption and develop energy absorption diagrams for paper honeycomb sandwich structures. Based on static compression experiments, the compressive stress–strain curve is simplified into three sections: linear elasticity, plateau and densification. By considering the factors associated with the structure of paper honeycombs, the energy absorption model is obtained and characterized by the thickness‐to‐length ratio of the honeycomb cell wall. Both theory and experiment show that the compression energy absorption capability increases with the increasing thickness‐to‐length ratio of the honeycomb cell wall, and a good agreement is achieved between the theoretical and experimental energy absorption curves. The proposed method to develop an energy absorption diagram for paper honeycomb sandwich structures can be used to characterize the cushioning properties and optimize the structures of paper honeycomb sandwiches. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Energy bands and Landau levels of ultracold fermions in the bilayer honeycomb optical lattice

We investigate the spectrum and eigenstates of ultracold fermionic atoms in the bilayer honeycomb optical lattice. In the low energy approximation the dispersion relation has parabolic form and the quasiparticles are chiral. In the presence of the effective magnetic field, which is created for the system with optical means, the energy spectrum shows an unconventional Landau level structure. Furthermore, the experimental detection of the spectrum is proposed with the Bragg scattering techniques.