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采用氨气鼓泡法进行充氨,对生产的碳纤维原丝进行了红外光谱分析,证明原丝表面生成了衣康酸胺;调节充氨量,发现充氨对原丝的凝固过程影响明显.其中通过X射线衍射分析,发现充氨量对原丝结晶度产生了影响,并对原丝截面形貌产生了影响.氨化既对原丝结构产生了影响,也对碳纤维的强度和层间剪切产生了影响. 相似文献
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通过对兴隆庄选煤厂煤泥分选工艺的分析,对煤泥旋流器进行单机检测,对精煤泥弧形筛筛下水进行单元浮选试验,提出了精煤泥分选工艺改造流程,并对工艺的各个环节进行了分析,最终优化了煤泥分选工艺,解决了生产中存在的问题,提高了企业经济效益。 相似文献
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在废旧塑料按材料分类的基础上,进一步提出了对废旧塑料按颜色分类的构想,首先对废旧塑料颜色空间进行特征提取,选取了基于I1,I2,I3颜色空间的模式,并利用神经网络对各种颜色进行模式识别,实现了对废旧塑料按颜色分类,并设计了一套试验装置。 相似文献
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通过对氨苄西林钠各种生产工艺进行分析比较,对影响澄清度稳定性的因素进行了推断,进而开发了乙腈溶媒结晶新工艺,并对乙腈溶媒结晶工艺各操作条件的变化对产品质量及收率的影响进行了系统研究,最后对乙腈工艺进行了优化. 相似文献
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The optimum conditions of grafting copolymerization reaction of acrylic acid (AA) onto polypropylene (PP) fiber was studied by using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The primary and secondary sequences of the grafting copolymerization reaction conditions was analysed. The results showed that grafting copolymerization reaction was greatly influenced by the temperature, reaction time, concentration of BPO and that of AA in the primary and secondary role as the above sequence. The optimum reaction conditions of gaining higher exchange capacity for the weak acidic cation-exchange fiber are as follows: the grafting temperature 80℃, the reaction time 7h, the concentration of BPO 2% and AA 80%. 相似文献
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利用比表面积测试仪、扫描电子显微镜等物理化学方法对颗粒与纤维状离子交换剂的链间交联与微观形貌进行了研究,通过刚性交联剂对聚丙烯-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯(PP-ST-DVB)离子交换纤维骨架结构进行了修饰改造。结果表明:离子交换纤维由于不能通过交联剂与致孔剂参与下的单体聚合构建具有丰富微孔的高分子骨架,所以不存在丰富孔结构和高比表面积特征,其内部为连续凝胶相结构;外比表面积大、传质距离短、交联键分布均匀是其反应动力学和渗透压稳定性能优异的主要原因;刚性交联剂在PP-ST-DVB纤维上的附加交联反应使其比表面积从原来的0.5 m~2/g提高到200 m~2/g以上,附加交联反应所形成的分子尺度微孔孔径分布窄,具有超高交联树脂的结构特点。 相似文献
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Commercial acrylic fiber samples were first pretreated with hydrazine under various concentrations to give crosslinked structure. Then, the crosslinked fiber samples with different degree of crosslinking were treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to develop ion‐exchange fibers. These fibers contain amidoxime, amine, amide, and hydrazide groups simultaneously. The effects of reaction conditions on physical properties, thermal characteristics, surface morphology, ion adsorption quantity, and reusability were investigated. The results show that by increasing the reaction time, temperature, and concentration of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, the content of amidoxime groups in all samples were increased, but with noncrosslinked fibers noticeable drop in the mechanical properties were observed, while in crosslinked sample prepared under optimum conditions of reaction, good ion adsorption capacity with keeping mechanical properties was achieved. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2202–2209, 2006 相似文献
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An efficient route for the synthesis of a strong basic anion exchange fibers is described. In this synthesis route, the commercially available p-chloromethylstyrene was directly grafted onto a polypropylene fiber substrate, which eliminated the need of the highly carcinogenic chloromethyl methyl ether in the chloromethylation of grafting fiber. Several interdependent parameters such as monomer concentration, bath ratio and the influence of solvents on the grafting copolymerization were investigated. The removal efficiency of sugar colorants by the anion exchange fibers was evaluated. The results show that simultaneous irradiation and grafting p-chloromethylstyrene onto polypropylene fiber can obtain a good grafting level under appropriate conditions. The optimal monomer concentration and bath ratio are 40% and 1:30 for a moderate grafting degree and the suitable solvent is toluene. The grafted fiber changed from flexible to rigid. And the prepared material maintains stable before 134.5 °C. The static ion exchange capacity of the synthesized anion exchange fiber is up to 4.72 mmol g−1 and the fiber possesses better ability to remove sugar colorants. The experimental results indicate that the decolorization ratio of the product anion exchange fibers was greater than that of commercial material. 相似文献
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以腈纶、水合肼、氢氧化钠为原料制得羧酸钠型离子交换纤维,研究了该纤维对Cu2+的吸附性能。结果表明:羧酸钠型离子交换纤维的交换容量可达4.89 mmol/g,25℃下,pH为5.0时,20 min可达到饱和吸附;CuSO4溶液浓度为2.32 mmoL/L,床流速为2.7 BV/min,穿透吸附时的床体积为149.0时,该纤维对Cu2+的动态穿透沉淀和吸附容量为1.66 mmol/L;该纤维经5次再生后其交换容量由再生前的4.89 mmol/g升高到4.97 mmol/g,饱和吸附时再生纤维吸附容量达到再生前的95.6%,其再生性能良好。 相似文献
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介绍了三环整合纤维种类、制备方法,整合纤维对金属离子吸附性能及影响因素。在多种整合纤维中偕胺肟基整合纤维最为普遍,因骨架不同制备方法有多种。整合纤维性能优越,在金属离子交换与吸附,制备功能材料方面有广泛的应用。 相似文献