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城市园林绿地对于整个城市的历史文化、风景、形态、基础设施等多方面具有重要的引导作用,然而目前城市园林绿地系统规划课程更重视园林绿地的生态、游憩功能,绿地系统中景观、文化、避灾功能规划意识淡薄。该文从城市园林绿地的发展历程入手,结合国内外案例探讨了功能型城市园林绿地系统规划的概念,明确了目前城市园林绿地系统规划课程内容存在的问题。该文提出城市园林绿地的功能性需要回归,回归绿地生态、绿地文化、绿地景观、绿地游憩、绿地避灾,使得城市园林绿地系统承载的生态改善、文化创造、环境美化、休憩娱乐、防灾避险五方面充分体现,让园林绿地成为城市规划发展的重要载体;城市园林绿地系统规划课程体系亟需绿地功能结构的构建:"景观结构+游憩结构+文化结构+生态结构+避灾结构",以期为《城市园林绿地系统规划》课程体系的发展提供科学依据。 相似文献
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都江堰市景观生态绿地系统规划探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
城市绿地是城市系统中惟一以自然要素为主体构成的子系统.传统的绿地系统是一种功能主义的实用系统,对绿地的生态作用和绿地系统的生态效应重视不够.都江堰市景观绿地系统规划全面运用景观生态学理论与方法,从绿地现状及生态条件的分析着手,指导景观绿地系统的网络布局、职能组织、空间控制及植物多样性规划. 相似文献
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当前,我国城市绿地率已达相当高的比例,但环境恶化之势仍未得到根本扭转,其主要原因之一,在于城市景观综合生态机能的衰退。将建筑设计与城市植物群落结合,按照植物群落最小面积要求设置大中型绿地斑块、合理限定人为干扰并引导群落演替,就能减少绿地系统的人工维护,完善群落组织,改善城市小气候。而将建筑设计与绿地系统的生态补偿结合,兼顾绿地景观的关键生态过程和重要节点的保育,以绿地系统改善自然采光、通风与景观视觉,则能有效地弥补、修正城市绿地的格局与构成。最后,在建筑设计中结合绿地进行节能设计,利用绿地做功,还能降低建筑全生命周期的运营费用,有利于城市可持续健康发展。 相似文献
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本研究根据绿地与城市空间耦合功能,即生态功能、社会功能、经济功能为导向,结合景观生态学理论、特色城市理论、系统学理论、城市开发策略理论等绿地与城市空间耦合理论,构造满足生态功能的生态安全格局、营造满足社会功能的宜人特色场所、布置满足经济功能的过渡提升空间,并由此构建出绿地与城市空间耦合理论基础上,自下而上满足耦合功能的城市园林绿地系统规划设计模型。并以宜兴环科新城绿地系统规划设计为实践案例,探讨了新城区园林绿地系统的建设运营,以期进一步完善绿地与城市空间耦合理论,为新城区园林绿地系统健康良好地建设运营提供借鉴和指导。 相似文献
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城市生态居住景观设计应将整个景观系统融入到园区的生态环境中去,体现一种可持续发展的思想,强调入与自然的和谐统一.本文以兰州雁滩地区生态居住景观设计为对象,提出了城市生态居住景观设计理念及原则.
一、雁滩地区生态居住景观设计概况
雁滩地区生态居住景观规划方案在整体结构上强调组团外部绿色廊道的控制和内部网状绿地的有机融合,规划内部网状绿地系统与集中块状绿地相结合,整体绿地系统以水为特色,形成水网、绿网相结合的生态绿地系统,着力打造“两条滨水景观带、四条景观视线通廊、四个重点景观区”. 相似文献
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《重庆建筑》2020,(8)
绿地系统规划是影响城市生态化、可持续化发展的重要专项规划之一,是城市景观的自然要素和社会经济可持续发展的生态基础,是指导城市开敞空间中各类绿地进行规划、建设与管理工作的基本依据。但由于城市中区域与行政管理划分的不同,依据不同区域与行政管理划分所制定的绿地系统规划呈现"各自为政"的状态,不能在大区域上发挥绿地系统规划对区域发展的指导作用。不同划分下的绿地系统规划急需整合与修正为绿地规划、建设、管理的"一张图"模式。绿地系统结构作为区域生态网络构架的承载,反映了区域生态格局与山、水、林、田自组织要素空间系统的内部联系,更应在整合规划中得到重视。该文通过解析重庆市两江新区直管区绿地整合规划中,绿地系统结构的整合与修正,探究绿地整合规划下绿地系统结构整合修正的策略及方法。 相似文献
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道路绿地设计的景观生态补偿是城市化进程中积极的人工干预措施.在城市化条件下,运用景观生态学等科学方法,对城市景观施加积极干扰,引导城市景观积极演进.对绿地系统生态补偿、绿化补偿、景观视觉补偿方法进行了研究和探索. 相似文献
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新疆乌恰-康苏地区典型干旱荒漠生态脆弱区,水-岩-土-植生态景观异质性及耦合作用,直接影响生态环境保护和资源开发。该文根据景观异质性理论,通过遥感、水文地质调查、生态样方测量等综合调查方法,研究生态区划、水文地质与植被分布特征,将研究区分为高中山荒漠基岩裂隙水、中山侵蚀山地裂隙孔隙层间水、山前洪-冲积扇盆地孔隙水、河流阶地孔隙水4个主要生态水文景观类型。高、中山区及河流阶地绿洲受大气降水及地面蒸发作用控制,冲洪积扇缘绿洲受地下水水化学类型及地下水水位变化控制。以期对乌恰-康苏地区生态环境保护、有色金属资源基地建设、绿洲生态稳定及生态功能区划提供科学合理的依据。 相似文献
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从景观生态的角度,阐述了城市景观、城市植被景观规划的概念,植被的景观特点和景观功能,概括了植被景观规划理念与原则,初步探讨了城市植被景观规划中存在的问题,并提出了城市植被景观规划的一些建议。 相似文献
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Effects of landscape structure on vegetation and some animal groups after agriculture abandonment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jean-Luc Grossi Ludovic Chenavier Philippe Delcros Jean-Jacques Brun 《Landscape and urban planning》1995,31(1-3)
This research was carried out on the montane belt of a south-exposed watershed in the Intermediary Alps which have been hit by agriculture abandonment. The aim of the study was to study the relationships between vegetation, landscape mosaic, and two kinds of animals using this space at different scales: roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and earthworms (lumbricids). Landscape dynamics (post-cultural recolonisation) and landscape structure have been approached by means of the Arc/Info geographical information system (GIS). Several methods used to study on one hand roe deer distribution, and, on the other, earthworm abundance and diversity are developed. Of these, in particular, GIS processing is used to sample earthworms according to vegetation dynamics, and roe deer distribution is related to landscape heterogeneity. Earthworms are more abundant and diversified in the key steps of vegetation dynamics. These lumbricids can be considered as functional indicators of these dynamics. Results also demonstrate that both the vegetation type and the landscape heterogeneity have a direct influence on the use of the space by the roe deer. They show themselves to be structural indicators of the landscape. 相似文献
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Through a case study with Spanish-speaking Takana indigenous people in the Bolivian Amazon, we explored ethnoecological landscape categories, including their ecological underpinnings, cultural significance and hierarchical organisation. Using field walks and interviews with consultants, we elicited 156 ethnoecological landscape categories, 60 of which related to vegetation types. However, sorting exercises with landscape photographs revealed that vegetation was not a guiding organisation principle. Takana consultants organised ethnoecological landscape categories into geographical regions that contained different landscape features, including vegetation units, topographical or hydrological features. Comparing the documented ethnoecological landscape categorisation with a published scientific botanical classification of vegetation units, we observed some important conceptual differences, which in turn have implications for the management of such landscapes. 相似文献
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全球化进程的加速有力地促进了城市经济、社会、文化、环境的发展,同时也带来了与日俱增的生态安全问题。本文从安全、生态安全分析入手,指出了景观设计的生态安全本质和目标,并从城市地形地貌特征、城市典型气候天象、植被、水体、建筑、绿地、城市文化景观7个方面探讨了城市景观设计中考量生态安全的基本思路方法,最后提出从生态安全角度保持和维护城市景观本土性的新思路。 相似文献
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"生态城市设计"专题系列之六区域尺度的城市化与生态效应:地理信息系统的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文探讨如何应用地理信息相关技术以及空间化的景观生态学量化方法,来分析城市与区域空间形式的变化及不同生态效应之间的复杂关系。结合地理信息技术及景观生态学有关斑块、廊道、基质(patch-corridor- matrix)所组成的土地嵌合体理论(land mosaic),以台北盆地东半部基隆河流域为个案对城市与区域空间形式进行演算,包含了斑块紧密性程度、城市斑块形状及景观碎形向度等景观生态指针的应用;配合可视化空间资料的呈现,以此来掌握不同程度的城市及自然景观形式在时间与空间上的变化与分布状况,并衡量其生态影响的相关性及程度。 相似文献
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Urban vegetation increasingly contributes to nature conservation and ecosystem services, but lacking understanding of site variations has restricted such uses. This study analyzed the spatial pattern and differentiation of tree communities in three major green landscape types (urban parks, riverside parks and street verges) in Taipei city. In each landscape type, 10 representative tree communities were studied. Statistical tests for ecological communities were employed: Jaccard and Q species similarity indices, two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), and new species fidelity, landscape fidelity and composite Q indices. Significant recent increase in Taipei's green spaces was traced. The study area contained 164 tree species, but few were shared by the three landscape types and none by 30 communities. Native evergreen broadleaf species with large final dimensions were dominant. Urban parks registered the highest species richness, landscape fidelity, rare species and urban endemics. Such exclusive species constitution deviated notably from riverside parks and street verges, with relatively simple and converging intra-site species ingredients. Pronounced species differentiation between urban parks reflected diversified site topography, natural woodland inheritance, woodland creation, and past landscape fashion. TWINSPAN classified the communities into nine groups each with signature characteristics. Inherent site variations offered main determinants of tree heterogeneity, superimposed by human modification to satisfy pre-determined site functions. A hybrid urban park with high species diversity and nature contents is advocated by amalgamating conventional but polarized designs of country and urban parks. The findings could inform management of urban forest, urban nature conservation, and ecological services of urban green spaces. 相似文献