超滤陶瓷膜深度处理造纸废水的实验研究

针对当前造纸废水水质特点及深度处理工艺,提出采用超滤陶瓷膜绿色节能工艺对造纸废水开展深度处理实验研究。结果表明,陶瓷膜的最佳工作条件为:跨膜压差0. 2 MPa、进膜流量1000 L/h,在该条件下造纸废水的固体悬浮物(SS)去除率大于94. 5%,化学需氧量(CODCr)去除率大于76. 2%,色度去除率高于72. 3%,水质达到了《制浆造纸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 3544-2008)要求;膜清洗再生实验结果表明经过反循环化学清洗后超滤陶瓷膜通量可以恢复至90%以上。     

枯草芽孢杆菌氨肽酶超滤提取技术

采用Ultra-flo超滤系统对经离心除菌、质量分数18%的(NH4)2SO4澄清的发酵液进行超滤浓缩和脱盐,为获得该过程中的高酶活回收率和膜通量,对其工艺条件进行了研究和优化;选用截留分子量为30 kDa的聚醚砜(PES)膜,操作压力为0.2～0.25 MPa,澄清发酵液初始pH值在5.5～6.5,浓缩倍数3倍;采用定时流加水的方式超滤脱盐,流加水体积控制为浓缩发酵液体积的10倍。在此优化条件下,超滤浓缩过程的酶活回收率达85%,超滤脱盐过程酶活回收率达79%,该过程可除去90%以上的盐,终浓缩倍数可控制为8～10倍;整个超滤过程的酶活回收率为67.15%,并且整个过程中膜通量维持在16 L/(m2.h)以上。     

豆制品废水中蛋白质回收研究

以蛋白质回收率、总糖透过率、异黄酮透过率和超滤膜通量为评价指标,采用絮凝-超滤联用的技术初步分离废水中的蛋白质、低聚糖和异黄酮。最佳试验条件为用0.3 mg/mL壳聚糖对废水进行絮凝处理,并用10 k Da的聚醚砜膜进行超滤处理。蛋白质回收率达到76.1%,总糖透过率达到76.0%,异黄酮透过率达到77.2%,平均膜通量18.9~20.0 L/(m~2·h)。絮凝-超滤后蛋白质含量为50.7%。     

造纸过程水对聚醚酮超滤膜污染机理的初步研究

对聚醚酮超滤膜污染的机理进行初步研究,研究表明:在优化的操作条件下过滤初期,PEK-20000膜超滤过程既符合堵塞过滤规律又符合沉积过滤规律,90min后膜面沉积阻力大于内部污染阻力。     

罗非鱼鱼皮多肽的超滤分离及其抗氧化活性研究

采用超滤技术分离罗非鱼鱼皮蛋白酶解液(TSP-I),研究超滤压力、时间和浓度对膜渗透通量、渗透增量和膜效能的影响.结果表明:超滤处理的压力为28Psi,时间为40min,浓度为5%的操作条件下,膜渗透通量为9.98LHM,渗透增量为2.68g/10min,膜效能为3.41g/m 2·min,超滤处理达最佳效果.利用分光光度法检测了抗坏血酸和超滤后所得多肽粉(TSP-II)对超氧阴离子自由基(O 2·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH·)及双氧水(H 2O2)的清除能力.实验发现:超滤处理所得多肽具有一定的抗氧化能力,TSP-II对四种自由基的清除作用顺序为:H2O2＞·OH ＞O2·＞DPPH·.以清除H2O2的能力为代表相比较,0.80mg/ml TSP-II和0.03mg/ml抗坏血酸清除H2O2的能力相当.     

生物沸石滤池深度处理造纸废水的挂膜实验

采用生物沸石滤池深度处理麦草制浆造纸废水,研究其挂膜启动过程,以及对有机物、SS的去除效果及影响因素。结果表明:在表面负荷为0.24m3·(m2·h)-1,有机负荷为0.144kgBOD·(m3·d)-1,水力停留时间为5h的条件下,对CODCr和SS的去除率分别为60%和90%。     

超滤去除砀山酥梨汁中色素和多酚的研究

本文研究超滤对砀山梨汁中色素和酚的去除作用。采用截留分子量分别为10、3和1k的聚醚砜(PES)超滤膜,对砀山酥梨汁进行过滤处理。10k膜和3k膜对色素有一定去除作用,1k对色素有显著去除作用,1k膜对色素的去除滤可达51%。三种膜对多酚的去除均有显著作用,去除率随截留分子量的减小而增加。超滤膜对色素和酚类的去除是筛分和吸附共同作用的结果。超滤对梨汁的某些理化指标有一定影响。再生可恢复超滤膜的性能。超滤对果汁中色素和酚类的去除能力使超滤在果汁加工中具有广泛的应用前景。     

低度清爽型黄酒超滤技术的研究

文章采用螺旋平板膜超滤设备对黄酒进行超滤,综合4种超滤膜对黄酒超滤性能以及感官、理化指标和菌落总数的影响,最终确定以PES(聚醚砜)膜作为黄酒的超滤用膜,并确定截留分子量为50000Da的最佳超滤膜孔径。最佳超滤条件:超滤压力为0.30MPa、超滤温度为35℃、超滤时间13min。超滤后的黄酒,经添加甜型陈香雪酒和纯蜂蜜,协调总糖、酒精度、总酸的比例,调配生产出一种理想的低度清爽型黄酒。     

制浆造纸厂废水超滤过程中木材抽出物的潜在污染及其行为评价

胶体抽出物颗粒是制浆造纸厂生产过程中的潜在污染物。研究采用了一种再生纤维素(R C)膜和两种聚醚砜(PES)膜考察两种化学热磨机械浆生产用水在超滤过程中抽出物的污染行为。实验用生产用水取自针叶木制浆流程及针叶木和阔叶木混合制浆流程。从膜上提取分析抽出物,并通过气相色谱法进一步分析,用傅立叶红外变换光谱(FTIR)法分析洁净的、被污染的及抽提过的膜样品。尽管研究中木材抽出物的摩尔质量小于1kg/mol,其在膜上的截留率仍超过90%。溶解和胶体抽出物均能污染滤膜。两种生产用水中抽出物的污染行为有所不同,似乎不同的抽出物基团的污染机理各有差异。大部分脂肪酸和树脂酸能污染滤膜,但甾醇显著污染再生纤维素膜,即使其在所用的生产用水中含量很低。     

超滤法提取蛋清溶菌酶

对蛋清料液进行前处理:采用磷酸盐缓冲液稀释10倍,在24MPa压力下均质;对超滤工艺进行了研究,采用截留相对分子质量为30000的聚醚砜(PES)膜进行超滤;溶菌酶制品活力为14610U/mg.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press