Problems of Ophthalmological Photography*

An optical system is described which can, for a number of applications, be used in place of the quartz rod method of trans-illuminating organs in an anaesthetized, intact animal for microscopical examination, and photography. It transmits approximately ten times more light than a quartz rod under the same conditions, and gives a conical illuminating beam, allowing considerably higher resolution. These factors permit photography of the organ in greater detail than is possible with the quartz rod technique. A specially designed microscope stage is used.

The micro-camera embodies a reflecting single leaf electric shutter and is used in conjunction with a mercury-argon flash tube. The tube has a 3 mm. diameter light source rich in the yellow and green wavelengths, and gives an 8 joule flash of 10 micro-seconds duration. This freezes the motion of the circulating blood cells. This equipment is fully described in a previous paper.     

基于百年办学史探工艺美术人才培养模式改革

正值湖北美术学院办学100周年之际,亦是工艺美术专业恢复招生的第6年。现今的工艺美术专业已经有别于20世纪50年代的工艺美术,但百年办学历史上,从图案工艺到工艺美术,再到艺术设计,至今天的工艺美术专业,虽几经波折,但学脉始终延续。文章通过对湖北美术学院各阶段办学史中的工艺美术相关人才培养模式的梳理和分析,立足时代发展,对该校工艺美术专业改革提出创新性建议。     

环形闪光灯在医学摄影中的应用

摄影技术在医学领域中普遍应用,环形闪光灯是不可缺少的医学摄影器材,通常配以微距镜头进行微距摄影,主要适合：腔内摄影、手术摄影、标本摄影等。     

40 Years of Strain: A Retrospective Review*

Abstract: The paper provides a picture of the changes and advances in the field of strain measurement and related topics, as represented by the contents of the journal Strain, from its inception in 1965 to the present day.     

Striving for Balance: A Hundred Years of the American Society for Engineering Education

This paper provides an overview of the history of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) from its founding in 1893 to the present. The authors see two major continuities in the organization's hundred year history: the search for methods of improving classroom instruction and the pursuit of national recognition as the spokesman for engineering education. An organization concerned with classroom teaching draws its strength from the ranks of teaching faculty; an organization seeking national visibility must draw its leaders from administrators, especially deans. ASEE's history is viewed as an continuing effort to balance these two broad purposes within a single organization.     

浅谈数码摄影的实用性

本文根据摄影的实际工作体会阐述了数码摄影与传统摄影相比的优越性和实用性，强调指出，掌握现代数码摄影技术和技巧对于成为当代优秀摄影师的重要性。     

Collaborative Learning vs. Lecture/Discussion: Students' Reported Learning Gains*

This study examined the extent to which undergraduate engineering courses taught using active and collaborative learning methods differ from traditional lecture and discussion courses in their ability to promote the development of students' engineering design, problem‐solving, communication, and group participation skills. Evidence for the study comes from 480 students enrolled in 17 active or collaborative learning courses/sections and six traditional courses/sections at six engineering schools. Results indicate that active or collaborative methods produce both statistically significant and substantially greater gains in student learning than those associated with more traditional instructional methods. These learning advantages remained even when differences in a variety of student pre‐course characteristics were controlled.     

PD Processes for Photography at Extreme Resolution: I. PD-MD Based on Diazosulphonate*

Two PD materials, PD-MD based on diazosulphonate and PD-D based on diazosulphide, have been found suitable for photography at extreme resolution. Amplification by physical development raises the sensitivity of the materials to a value near or inside the range where flash source photorepeater cameras can be applied. Consequently, applications in integrated circuit technology and in photographic information storage become attractive. The role of microphotography in integrated circuit technology and the requirements to be met by useful photographic materials are discussed. The properties of the two materials are treated with relation to their (photo)chemical behaviour. PD-MD has unsurpassed qualities as an extreme-resolution recording and copying material, but its sensitivity is at best marginal when photorepeaters with flash exposure "on the fly" have to be used. (Part I.) PD-D material has satisfactorysensitivitycombinedwithexcellent resolutions andisthereforeverysuitablefor photomask applications with the above-mentioned cameras. (Part II.) The properties of the two materials are also compared with those of other known high-resolution systems.     

On the Application of Information Theory to Photography

An elementary account of the application of information theory to photography is given and the two methods of estimating the information capacity of a photographic layer are described. The first involves the division of the layer into “cells”, each of which may take one of a set of distinguishable density levels, whilst the second involves the use of sine-waves. It has been claimed that the second method is superior owing to the absence of “intersymbol interference” and the fact that both the Wiener spectrum of granularity and the spread function are contained explicitly in the formula for information capacity. The purpose of this paper is to analyse these claims.     

Multimedia Collaborative Content Creation (mc3): The MSU Lecture Online System*

Putting lecture material on-line is a time-consuming undertaking. Before communicating any subject matter, faculty must invest time and effort in dealing with computer-related administrative overhead. Also, in traditional lecture preparations, faculty can profit from years of previously prepared written material, while for on-line classes, they often unnecessarily re-create learning modules that already exist on-line. Lecture Online is a means for faculty to develop modular on-line resources collaboratively and share them with each other. The Learning Online Network, which is currently under development, implements a distributed server network with a strong emphasis on cross-institutional collaborations with intellectual property rights management and optional usage-based royalty mechanisms.     

影室灯在刑事摄影中的应用

本文介绍人像摄影常用的影室灯,作为面光源,应用于刑事摄影中的痕迹拍摄。在一些痕迹的拍摄中取得良好效果。     

Colour Photography vs Electronic Digital Imaging as a System for Recording Works of Art*

This paper indicates the various limitations of conventional colour photography as a medium in which to either record or reproduce works of art and architecture in general, and painting in particular. Spectral response of emulsions, problems of processing and lack of stability make the use of conventional colour photography as either an archival record or a system of reproducing works of art and architecture problematic, even under optimum conditions. The advantages of electronic digital imaging are discussed with reference to the ability to control all stages of image production, storage and retrieval. Higher quality images of greater resolution and colour fidelity to the original are theoretically possible. Such images would be stable, permanent and above all far more accessible than conventional photography permits.     

浅谈人像摄影中的眼神光运用

在人像摄影中,眼睛的表现是刻画人物内心世界的关键,而处理好眼神光则是这关键之关键。本文通过对眼神的位置与情绪的关系、眼神光的表现方法和注意事项等方面进行分析,旨在提高人像摄影的创作水平。     

医用数字摄影(CR、DR)系统X射线辐射源比释动能的不确定度评定

介绍了医用X射线数字摄影(CR/DR)系统的原理,并给出了(CR/DR)系统X射线辐射源比释动能不确定度的评定方法。     

中国未来5年医疗影像市场商机解读

2001年以来,中国医疗器械销售额年均增长率为29%,2008年可达700亿元,未来5年内,中国将超过日本,成为全球第二大医疗设备市场,各医疗器械厂商纷纷加快开拓中国市场;目前高端医疗设备市场主要由技术占优势的国外产品占据,具有价格优势的国内产品主要占据低端医疗设备市场。包括计算机化X射线摄影系统和数字化X射线摄影系统设备,医疗影像市场将会有良好的前景。