Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(phthalazinone biphenyl ether sulfone)/PEEK Blends

A series of blends with various compositions are prepared by melt extrusion on the basis of novel copoly(phthalazinone biphenyl ether sulfone) (PPBES) and poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK). The melt flowability, mechanical and thermal properties of the blends are studied. The results show that the incorporated PEEK has a large influence on the melt viscosity and thermal stability of blends. The tensile strength of the blends remains at about 90 MPa at room temperature; PPBES improves the mechanical properties of PEEK at 150°C. The flexural strength and modulus of the PPBES/PEEK blends also increase with the addition of PEEK.     

含二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚酮和聚芳醚砜研究进展

综述了含二氮杂萘酮结构的聚芳醚酮和聚芳醚砜的结构性能及其合成、改性、应用研究进展。     

新型耐高温杂环聚醚砜酮酮材料的研究

合成一种新型热塑性耐高温杂环聚醚砜酮酮材料（ＰＰＥＳＫＫ）,研究了材料的热性能、力学性能、电性能、溶解性能、摩擦性能及膜性能。结果表明,ＰＰＥＳＫＫ为一类具有较高耐热性、综合性能优良、成本低的机械工程塑料。     

聚芳醚酮/含甲基侧基聚芳醚砜醚酮酮的合成与表征

以2，2’-二甲基-4,4'-二苯氧基二苯砜(o-CH3-DPODPS)、二苯醚(DPE)和对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)为单体，在无水A1C13、1，2-二氯乙烷和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺存在下，通过低温溶液缩聚反应。合成了一系列新型含甲基侧基的聚芳醚酮／聚芳醚砜无规共聚物。用FT-IR，WAXD，DSC和TG等方法对聚合物进行了表征。结果表明，随着2,2'-二甲基-4，4'-二苯氧基二苯砜含量的增加，共聚物的玻璃化转变温度逐渐提高，熔融温度则逐渐下降。     

Study on Thermal Properties and Crystallization Behavior of Blends of Poly(phenylene sulfide)/Poly(ether imide)

The thermal behavior of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) blends with poly(ether imide) (PEI) was studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The crystallization temperature of PPS in blends shifted from 216.8°C to 226.4°C upon addition of 20–70% PEI contents. The heat of crystallization remained unchanged with less than 50% PEI in blends, whereas the heat of fusion decreased with increasing PEI content. The isothermal crystallization indicated that incorporating PEI would accelerate the crystallization rate of PPS. The activation energy of crystallization increased with addition of PEI. The equilibrium melting point of PPS/PEI blends was not changed with compositions.     

含环己烯、甲基氮杂环结构的新型聚醚砜酮共聚物的合成

以新型聚合单体1-甲基-4,5-二（4-氯代苯甲酰基）环已烯与4-（3,5-甲基-4-羟基苯基）-2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮、4,4’-二氯二苯砜单体经亲核取代反应,成功地合成了含环己烯结构的杂环联苯型聚醚砜酮聚合物。用FT-IR、1H-NMR、DSC、X-射线衍射等方法对聚合物进行了表征,并研究了聚合物的溶解性能。结果表明,聚合物是一种具有较高的玻璃化温度的可溶性无规共聚物。聚合物含有不饱和双键结构,是一种反应性高分子。     

New Miscible Poly(ether imide)/Poly(phenyl sulfone) Blends

Summary: Blends of PEI and PPSU were prepared directly during the plasticization step of an injection molding process throughout the full composition range. The molded blends were transparent and showed a single glass transition and no dispersed phase by SEM. These characteristics did not allow the presence of a single miscibilized phase to be inferred unambiguously due to the very similar T_gs and refractive indices of the two components of the blends. Miscibility was inferred after close observation of the position, height and area of the enthalpy relaxation peak of the 50/50 blend. The modulus of elasticity and yield stress changed linearly with composition, leading to polymer materials with intermediate characteristics. The linearity was attributed to the lack of decrease in free volume induced by mixing and to the similar orientation of the components before and after mixing. The PPSU presence only slightly reduced the known tendency towards brittle fracture of PEI under notched impact conditions, but the presence of a single amorphous phase led to an expected ductile behavior of the blends close to that predicted by the single rule of mixtures.

Break stress (?) and break strain (○) of PEI/PPSU blends as a function of composition.     

关于聚醚砜膜的研究进展

介绍了聚醚砜 (PES)膜的制备以及 PES的浓度、不同添加剂和溶剂等对膜性能的影响 ,并对 PES超滤膜的表层结构的形成作了初步的探讨。     

Processability,Structure and Mechanical Properties of Poly(ether imide)/Amorphous Copolyester Blends

Blends of PEI with an amorphous copolyester (PCTG) were obtained by melt‐mixing followed by injection molding. The processability of PEI increased several times upon addition of just 10% PCTG, thus expanding the applications of PEI. All the blends showed a single T_g and most of them were transparent. However, they were biphasic as suggested by the widening of the T_g's and proved by SEM. A fine dispersed particle size and good adhesion level were also observed by SEM. The values of the modulus of elasticity and the yield stress appeared close the additivity rule, and were attributed to the combined effects of the density increase and orientation decrease in the blends. These morphological changes had a slightly negative influence on ductility which was nevertheless high.

     

聚丁二酸丁二醇酯/淀粉复合材料制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丁二酸丁二醇(酯PBS)/淀粉复合材料。用扫描电镜、宽角X-射线衍射、差示扫描量热、热重分析等方法研究了复合材料的力学性能、微观形貌、结晶性能和热稳定性。结果表明:复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度随淀粉含量的增加而降低,而硬度、拉伸模量和弯曲模量则随淀粉含量的增加而提高;PBS和淀粉间的界面明显,断裂面上存在淀粉脱落的痕迹;淀粉的加入并未影响PBS的晶型;随着淀粉含量的增加,PBS的结晶和熔融温度均向低温方向移动;PBS和淀粉在各自的温度区域产生了热降解,随着淀粉含量的增加复,合材料的热稳定性逐渐降低。     

Miscibility,Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Melt-Mixed Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/Polypropylene Blends

This study examined the miscibility, mechanical and thermal properties of melt-mixed blends of PTT(poly(trimethylene terephthalate)) with PP(isotatic polypropylene). DMA and SEM results indicated that the PTT/PP blends are immiscible. Revealed from TGA analyses, the blends with a higher PP content showed a higher degradation temperature. A complex melting behavior was observed for the blends. The isothermal crystallization kinetics of the blends was analyzed from 200°C to 210°C using the Avrami equation. The WAXD results showed that the crystal structure of PTT remained unchanged in the blends. Nevertheless, the PP rich blends possessed lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break.     

Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/ Polypropylene Blends

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polypropylene (PET/PP) were compounded and pelletized with a single-screw extruder. Standard ASTM tensile test specimens were made by injection moulding. The blends are stronger and stiffer than the plain PP specimens. The addition of a compatibilizer, EPOLENE E-43, is found to improve the strength and stiffness of the blends at loadings of 50% and 70% PET. At 10% PET loading, E-43 has the opposite effect of slightly reducing the tensile properties. All the blends are more brittle relative to either plain PET or PP. The addition of E-43 results in negligible improvement in the elongation at break. E-43 is also found to be an effective lubricant in improving the processability of the blends. The blends with E-43 added have lower viscosities and less shear-thinning characteristics than those without E-43. © 1997 SCI.     

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Based on Sulfonated Poly(Ether Ketone Ether Sulfone) (S-PEKES) with Low Methanol Permeability for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Application

Poly(ether ketone ether sulfone), (PEKES), was synthesized by the nucleophilic aromatic substitution polycondensation between bisphenol S and 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone (system A), and between bisphenol S and 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone (system B). The oxidative stability was characterized by using a Fenton's reagent. S-PEKES membranes show a higher thermal stability than that of Nafion 117 and comparable to that of S-PEEK 150XF. The proton conductivity values of S-PEKES of the highest DS are comparable to those of Nafion 117 and S-PEEK. The methanol permeability of the synthesized and fabricated S-PEKES membrane is lower than that of Nafion 117 by at least an order of magnitude.     

聚芳醚酮化学改性研究进展

介绍了聚芳醚酮的物理化学性质,主要对近年来研究的热点超支化聚醚酮改性、化学改性和磺化改性等进行了综述.     

Mechanical and Electrical Properties of SomeSilicon-Containing Poly(Amide-Imide)s

Aromatic silicon-containing poly(amide-imide)s have been prepared by low temperature solution polycondensation reaction of various aromatic diamines having ether bridges between phenylene rings with a diacid chloride, namely bis[N-(4-chlorocarbonylphenyl) phthalimidyl]dimethylsilane. These polymers were easily soluble in polar amidic solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone,N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N,N-dimethylformamide and can be cast from solutions into thin, flexible films. They showed good thermal stability, with initial decomposition temperature being above 410°C and glass transition temperature in the range of 263–285°C. The polymer films exhibited good mechanical properties with tensile strengths in the range of 78–109 MPa, tensile modulus in the range of 1.44–1.76 GPa, and elongation at break values ranging from 11% to 24%. Electrical insulating properties of two polymer films were evaluated on the basis of dielectric constant and dielectric loss and their variation with frequency and temperature.     

含稠杂环结构聚醚酮酮的合成与性能研究(I)

以吩噻（ＯＳＰ）、对苯二甲酰氯（ＴＰＣ）和二苯醚（ＤＰＥ）为单体,在无水ＡｌＣｌ３／ＣＨ２ＣｌＣＨ２Ｃｌ／ＤＭＦ催化剂／溶剂体系中,由亲电缩聚反应合成了含稠杂环结构的聚醚酮酮共聚物,并对其基本性能进行了测定。结果表明,含ＯＳＰ结构单元ＰＥＫＫ的Ｔｇ比全对苯基位ＰＥＫＫ高４２℃以上。且随ＯＳＰ结构单元含量的增加,共聚物Ｔｇ逐渐提高,而Ｔｍ、结晶度却逐渐下降,仍具有很好的耐热性和耐溶剂性。     

Preparation,Characterization and Properties of Poly(vinyl chloride)/CaSO4 Nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl chloride)/CaSO₄ nanocomposites were prepared on Brabender plasticorder. Moreover, for comparison PVC/ commercial CaSO₄ composites was prepared. The amount of loadings of nano CaSO₄ and commercial CaSO₄ was in the range of 0–12 wt%. Nano CaSO₄ was synthesized by matrix-mediated growth technique. The size and shape of nano CaSO₄ were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These PVC nanocomposites were then subjected to mechanical, thermal analysis on UTM, and TGA respectively. Morphology studies of PVC nanocomposites were done on scanning electron microscope (SEM). The morphology study showed that nano CaSO₄ get exfoliated and intercalated with the PVC matrix. Notched Charpy impact strengths of PVC nanocomposites was drastically improved compared to that of pristine PVC and commercial CaSO₄ composites. PVC/CaSO₄ nanocomposites showed higher values of tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength than PVC/CaSO₄ (commercial) composites. Impact strengths also gives some drastic dependence on nano CaSO₄ content and give a maximum value at certain CaSO₄ loadings.     

注塑级PPES/PPS共混合金热性能及结晶性能的研究

通过熔融挤出、注塑成型的方法制备了配比不同的含二氮杂萘酮结构的聚芳醚砜(PPES)和聚苯硫醚(PPS）的共混物，对材料的热性能及结晶性能进行了研究。热失重研究表明，在所组成范围内PPS的加入并未降低共混物的热性能，但使共混物的热变形温度有所降低；PPES的加入使PPS的结晶受到阻碍，当PPES质量分数达80％时，PPS产生了晶格缺陷，从而不能形成完善的球晶，退火过程有利于提高共混物的热变形温度，使PPS形成更完善的球晶。     

Morphology,Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly (Styrene-Acrylonitrile) (SAN)/Clay Nanocomposites from Organic-Modified Montmorillonite

Poly (styrene-acrylonitrile) (SAN)/clay nanocomposites have successfully been prepared by melt intercalation method. The hexadecyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide (P16) and cetyl pyridium chloride (CPC) are used to modify the montmorillonite (MMT). The structure and thermal stability property of the organic modified MMT are, respectively characterized by Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR) spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicate that the cationic surfactants intercalate into the gallery of MMT and the organic-modified MMT by P16 and CPC has higher thermal stability than hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C16) modified MMT. The influences of the different organic modified MMT on the structure and properties of the SAN/clay nanocomposites are investigated by XRD, transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), TGA and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively. The results indicate that the SAN cannot intercalate into the interlayers of the pristine MMT and results in microcomposites. However, the dispersion of the organic-modified MMT in the SAN is rather facile and the SAN nanocomposites reveal an intermediate morphology, an intercalated structure with some exfoliation and the presence of small tactoids. The thermal stability and the char residue at 700°C of the SAN/clay nanocomposites have remarkably enhancements compared with pure SAN. DMA measurements show that the silicate clays improve the storage modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the SAN matrix in the nanocomposites.     

Rolltruded Poly(Aryl Ether Ether Ketone) (PEEK) for Membrane Applications

Abstract

An investigation of the transport and separation of several permanent gases (CO₂, N₂, CH₄, and H₂) and vapors (H₂O and ethanol) in unprocessed and rolltruded poly(aryl ether ether ketone) (PEEK) thin films has been conducted to evaluate PEEK for membrane applications requiring thermally and chemically stable materials. Transport coefficients and separation factors have been determined at permeation temperatures ranging from 40 to ca. 180°C. The gas transport coefficients were found to increase by up to 30% depending on the processing conditions. Actual separation factors, determined for a CO₂/N₂ gas mixture (24.6 vol% CO₂), were depressed slightly in comparison to the ideal values obtained from pure component data. In contrast, water and ethanol vapor permeabilities declined between 10 and 15% as a result of processing. For a 39.1 wt% vapor mixture of H₂O in EtOH, ideal and actual separation factors, determined at 130°C, were in good agreement. In contrast, order of magnitude improvements in the actual versus ideal separation factors were found for 11.7 and 7.6 wt% mixtures of H₂O in EtOH in both unprocessed and rolltruded PEEK. A comparison with other membranes considered for high temperature vapor dehydrations suggests that PEEK may be an excellent polymer for these applications.