The Effect of Carbon Black/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Hybrid Fillers on the Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites

The properties of hybrid multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and carbon black (CB) in natural rubber nanocomposites were studied. The results show that the scorch and cure time decreased as the MWCNT loading increased in CB/MWCNT hybrid loading ratio but for the maximum torque, the result shown otherwise. As the MWCNT loading increased in CB/MWCNT hybrid loading ratio, the tensile strength, elongation at break and fatigue life are decrease, however the tensile modulus and rubber filler-interaction (Q_f/Q_g) value increased. The SEM results show a dispersion of CB and MWCNT in natural rubber matrix. Furthermore, the thermal stability for the hybrid nanocomposites is enhanced.     

The TPB Properties of Plasma-Treated Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polystyrene Composites

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) in ambient air are used on carbon fiber to improve the fiber surface activity. Carbon fibers with length of 75 µm are placed into the plasma configuration. The interaction between modified carbon fibers and polystyrene was studied by the three-point bending (TPB) test. The chemical and physical changes induced by the treatments on carbon fiber surface are examined using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Contact angles of the plasma-treated carbon fiber and XPS results reveal that the carbon fibers modified with the DBD at an atmospheric pressure show a significant increase in oxygen and nitrogen concentration. These results demonstrate that the surfaces of the carbon fiber are more active, hydrophilic after plasma treatments using a DBD operating in ambient air.     

Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on the Tensile Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyimide Composites

Silane coupling agent SG-Si900 (SGS) modification and air-oxidation methods were used to improve the interfacial adhesion of the carbon fiber-reinforced polyimide (CF/PI) composite. The interfacial characteristics of the composites reinforced by the carbon fibers treated with different surface modification methods were comparatively investigated. Results showed that both SGS modification and air-oxidation method improved the adhesion between the reinforcement and matrix and SGS modification method was superior to air-oxidation method. For CF/PI composite the optimum interfacial adhesion was obtained at 0.3 wt% SGS concentration. The fracture surfaces of samples were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) to analyze the effects of different surface treatment methods.     

聚醚醚酮/多壁碳纳米管复合材料力学及阻燃性能研究

通过熔融共混法将聚醚醚酮（PEEK）与多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)混合,利用模压法制备了MWCNT增强型PEEK复合材料,研究了MWCNT对PEEK性能的影响。结果表明,添加一定比例的MWCNT能够提高PEEK的力学和阻燃性能;当MWCNT含量为5%（质量分数,下同）时,PEEK的弯曲强度提高了53%;当MWCNT含量为1%时,锥形量热法测得的热释放速率峰值最低,燃烧性能指数值最大,热重分析显示初始分解温度较纯PEEK提高了13℃,表明MWCNT有效地提高了PEEK的阻燃和热稳定性能。     

聚丙烯/纳米碳管复合材料的制备及其摩擦性能研究

以纳米碳管为填料,填充聚丙烯制得纳米碳管/聚丙烯复合材料.借助扫描电子显微镜观察分析了复合材料表面形貌;利用MMW-1A型摩擦磨损试验机研究了纳米碳管含量对聚丙烯复合材料摩擦性能的影响并探讨其摩擦机理.结果表明：纳米碳管在复合材料中分散较好,且保持了一定的长径比;随着纳米碳管含量的增加,复合材料的摩擦系数显著减小,当纳米碳管的含量为5％时,复合材料的摩擦系数减少了13.17％.     

The Addition of Polyethylene-Polyamine Surface Treated Carbon Nanotube on the Interfacial Adhesion of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyimide Composite

Carbon fiber reinforced polyimide (CF/PI) composites have been filled with polyethylene-polyamine-treated carbon nanotube to enhance the adhesion. According to the modification, the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites has been greatly improved. Dynamic wetting method, XPS and SEM are used to examine the microscopic properties of resultant composites. The enhanced ILSS is attributed to the CNT interlock, which improves the wetting between carbon fibers and resins.     

Tensile Properties of Arenga pinnata Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

The aim of this study is to determine the tensile properties of Arenga pinnata fiber as a natural fiber and epoxy resin as a matrix. The Arenga pinnata fibers were mixed with epoxy resin at the various fiber weight percentages of 10%, 15%, and 20% Arenga pinnata fiber and with different fiber orientations such as long random, chopped random, and woven roving. Hand lay-up processes in this experiments were to produce specimen test with the curing time for the composite plates is in the room temperature (25–30°C). Results from the tensile tests of Arenga pinnata fiber reinforced epoxy composite are that the 10 wt.% woven roving Arenga pinnata fiber showed the highest value for maximum tensile properties. The tensile strength and Young's modulus values for 10 wt.% of woven roving Arenga pinnata fiber composite are 51.725 MPa and 1255.825 MPa, respectively. The results above indicate that the woven roving Arenga pinnata fiber has a better bonding between its fiber and matrix compared to long random Arenga pinnata fiber and chopped random Arenga pinnata fiber. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were carried out after tensile tests to observe the interface of fiber and matrix adhesion.     

聚醚醚酮树脂的改性及应用进展

论述了光稳定剂在PVC中的应用情况。重点介绍了受阻胺类光稳定剂和紫外线吸收剂在聚氯乙烯光降解中的作用和最新应用进展。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合吸波材料性能研究

碳纳米管通过化学气相沉积工艺制备,碳纳米管直径10～30nm,纯度>90%。碳源为乙炔、铁/镍复合催化剂。加入适量的有机溶剂丙酮溶解环氧树脂,然后加入碳纳米管。分别高速搅拌和超声处理30min,加入固化剂乙二胺搅拌均匀,超声10min除去气体后,浇铸在铝板上制成吸波涂层。TEM检测碳纳米管。反射率扫频测量系统HP8757E标量网络分析仪检测吸波性能。碳纳米管和环氧树脂比例为1∶100时,3mm厚吸波层试样吸波峰出现在14 32GHz,吸波峰值R=-10 01dB,吸波频带宽度为2 16GHz(R<8dB)。厚度增加到9mm,在11GHz和17 83GHz出现双吸波峰,最大吸波峰出现在17 83GHz峰值R=-9 04dB,带宽约1GHz(R<8dB)。比例调整为5∶100时,波峰出现在7 91GHz,峰值加大到R=-13 89dB,带宽度达到3 19GHz(R<8dB)。     

Study on the Interfacial Behavior of Clay-Coated Carbon Fiber-Reinforced PEI Composites

In this article, based on the surface chemical treatment of carbon fiber, a clay coating process was developed for the surface modification of the carbon fiber to obtain a controlled interface between carbon fiber and polyetherimide (PEI) matrix in the composites system. SEM, XPS spectrum and contact angle measure reveal that the clay coating can improve the surface roughness of the carbon fiber surface for a favorable wettability with the matrix, which can also improve the interfacial adhesion of the composites. Experimental results show that the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and the three-point bending (TPB) of the composites reinforced by the carbon fiber coated with the clay have been enhanced.     

纳米碳管在聚合物复合材料领域的研究进展

在总结了纳米碳管/聚合物复合材料制备方法的基础之上,对其在力学性能、电学性能和光学性能方面的最新研究进展情况进行了综述。从目前研究结果看,尽管纳米碳管的增强效果不如预期,但其可以在改进聚合物基体复合材料力学性能的同时赋予复合材料一定的功能性的特点,为功能型结构复合材料的设计提供了新的思路。     

PEEK层间增韧碳纤维环氧树脂基复合材料的性能研究

为了改善碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)层合板层间断裂韧性较差的问题,采用预浸料层间涂层和模压工艺制备聚醚醚酮(PEEK)层间增韧CF/EP层合板。探究PEEK含量对CF/EP层合板Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性和冲击强度的影响。结果表明:PEEK的加入有效提高CF/EP层合板的Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性和冲击强度。当PEEK含量为2%,层合板的断裂韧性和冲击强度分别达到1 253 J/m²和259 kJ/m²,与纯层合板相比分别提高61.5%和32.8%。实验分析PEEK增韧机理,为研究高附加值复合材料产品提供参考。     

聚丙烯腈/多壁碳纳米管共混纤维的研制

碳纳米管经表面改性后与聚丙烯腈溶液共混制备了纺丝浆液,采用湿法纺丝技术制备了聚丙烯腈/多壁碳纳米管(PAN/MWNT)共混纤维。研究了碳纳米管对共混溶液动态流变性能的影响,探讨了共混纤维的物理机械性能和结晶特性。结果表明:MWNTs的加入降低了纺丝原液的黏度,明显提高了共混纤维的力学性能,降低了延伸率,并对纤维的结晶度有一定的影响。     

PEEK抗静电复合材料的研究

制备了聚醚醚酮/炭黑(PEEK/CB)、聚醚醚酮/碳纤维(PEEK/CF)抗静电复合材料。结果表明,在PEEK/CB复合体系中,炭黑渗滤区含量为3%⁵%,较低的炭黑含量确保了复合材料优异的力学性能;在PEEK/CF复合体系中,碳纤维渗滤区含量为15%5%,较低的炭黑含量确保了复合材料优异的力学性能;在PEEK/CF复合体系中,碳纤维渗滤区含量为15%²0%;扫描电镜(SEM)结果证明:炭黑在PEEK基体中达到纳米级分散,形成空间导电网络结构,这种结构提高了复合材料的抗静电性能。     

Utilizing Vacuum Bagging Process to Prepare Carbon Fiber/CNT-Modified-epoxy Composites with Improved Mechanical Properties

In this work, the effects of carbon nanotube-modified epoxy and carbon nanotube-enriched sizing agent on the tensile properties and failure mode of unidirectional carbon fiber/epoxy composites were investigated. Laminates of carbon fiber/epoxy composites at different concentrations of carbon nanotube and sizing agent were fabricated by hand layup vacuum bagging process. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was conducted to unveil the relation between the macroproperties and the composites’ microstructure. Experimental results showed that the carbon nanotube-modified epoxy/carbon fiber composite showed 20% enhancements in the Young’s modulus compared to the pristine epoxy/carbon fiber composite. The scanning electron microscopy analysis of the fracture surfaces revealed that incorporating carbon nanotube into the epoxy matrix with utilizing the vacuum improves the interfacial bonding and minimizes the voids that act as crack initiators. This microstructure enhances the interfacial shear strength and load transfer between the matrix and the fabrics and consequently the tensile characteristics of the formulated composite.     

高导电聚苯胺/多壁碳纳米管复合材料的制备与电性能研究

采用混酸处理法对多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）进行表面处理, 通过原位聚合法,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,制备高导电聚苯胺(PANI)/MWCNTs复合材料。采用透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪 、紫外可见分光光度计以及X射线衍射仪对MWCNTs和复合材料进行表面观察、结构测定与性能表征;使用两探针法测量复合材料的电性能,并通过平均电场理论和逾渗阈理论进行理论分析。结果表明,MWCNTs的直径约为60~100 nm,长度约为几十微米,酸化后MWCNTs表面引入大量—OH和—COOH;随着MWCNTs含量增加,导电PAM/MWCNTs复合材料的电导率增加,渗滤阈值的理论值为2.36 %。     

碳纤维/乙烯基酯树脂复合材料拉伸性能研究

研究了碳纤维进行氧化处理、铺层形式,以及紫外光照射和不同溶液介质浸泡处理等,对碳纤维/乙烯基酯树脂复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:碳纤维最佳氧化工艺为浓硝酸氧化1 h,空气氧化温度250℃,空气氧化30 min。碳纤维最佳铺层设计为[0°, 0°,45°]_2s。随紫外光照射时间增加,复合材料拉伸强度呈先增后降趋势,120 h时达最大值。溶液介质浸泡会降低复合材料的拉伸强度。温度相同溶液介质不同时,复合材料在NaOH溶液中拉伸强度降低程度最大,温度提高会加速复合材料失效老化。     

Properties of LDPE/POE-g-MA Composites Containing Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Modified by Fumed Silicon Dioxide

Low density polyethylene (LDPE)/maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin elastomer (POE-g-MA) with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) wrapped by fumed silicon dioxide (SiO₂) were prepared by melt mixing. The results revealed that SiO₂ improved the dispersion of MWCNTs on matrix. SiO₂ and MWCNTs both had a heterogeneous nucleation effect on matrix and the crystallinity of composites increased with adding SiO₂, MWCNTs and MWCNTs/SiO₂. The addition of MWCNTs modified by SiO₂ increased tensile strength and elongation at break of composites compared with composite with raw MWCNTs. MWCNTs had a strong absorption effect, leading to an obvious decrease in reflectance at 1060 nm of composites.     

聚丙烯／纳米碳管复合材料热降解动力学研究

以TGA为手段,进行了聚丙烯／纳米碳管复合材料的热降解动力学研究,采用了Kissinger和Vlynn—Wall—Ozawa两种方法计算了复合材料降解反应活化能。TG及DTG结果表明：降解一阶段完成。在5℃／min、10℃／min、20℃／min、40％／min升温速率下,最大热失重速率温度分别为441℃、452℃、477、486℃。随着加热速率的增加,热解温度向高温处横向位移。采用Kissingger法计算获得的活化能为36．298kJ／mol,采用Flynn—Wall—Ozawa法获得的活化能为215．95kJ／mol,均大于纯聚丙烯的活化能,纳米碳管的引入使材料的降解变得困难,热稳定性提高。     

碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料研究和应用进展

碳纳米管的发现引起科学界及产业界的极大重视,大量的研究集中在碳纳米管的合成、生长机理、物理性能的表征等方面。随着碳纳米管合成、提纯、化学修饰等领域的研究不断取得进展,碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的研究已成为世界科学研究的热点。综述了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料研究在机械、电学、光学性能等方面所取得的进展与应用。