表面改性对LDPE/nano-ATH复合材料性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)/纳米氢氧化铝(nano-ATH)复合材料,研究了nano-ATH表面改性前后对复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响;利用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了nano-ATH表面改性前后在LDPE基体中的分散性。结果表明:表面改性nano-ATH使复合材料具有较高的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率;nano-ATH用量较少时,其表面改性与否对复合材料的阻燃性能基本没有影响;加入量较大时,表面改性nano-ATH使复合材料具有较好的阻燃性能,其在LDPE基体中的分散性也得到改善。     

PE-LD对甲基乙烯基硅橡胶混炼胶的共混改性研究

通过室温下共混的方法制备出甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）和沉淀法白炭黑（SiO2）的混炼胶，在150～180℃下实现混炼胶和低密度聚乙烯（PE-LD）的熔融共混，制备出改性硅橡胶。研究结果表明，PE-LD的加入可显著改变混炼胶的性能，随着PE-LD与混炼胶的质量比的增加，材料拉伸强度、撕裂强度、扯断伸长率和体积电阻率明显提高，但耐热老化性能下降，材料硬度增加。PE-LD与混炼胶的质量比在30／100～40／100之间时，可获得综合性能优良的改性硅橡胶。     

超低密度聚乙烯的开发及应用

对在线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)装置上开发生产的超低密度聚乙烯TJVL-1210的工艺参数、生产切换过程以及产品性能进行了分析。TJVL-1210采用两种α-烯烃与乙烯共聚合,使LLDPE密度从0.920 0 g/cm3降至0.912 0 g/cm3,突破了气相流化床反应器的生产技术瓶颈。TJVL-1210可应用于聚丙烯改性、热收缩膜、冷冻包装膜等领域,能够取代部分市场上的茂金属聚乙烯和聚烯烃弹性体等高端树脂。     

The Microcellular Injection Molding of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) Composites

This paper reports the study of microcellular injection molding of low-density polyethylene- (LDPE) based composites. The effects of adding nanoclays and polymer additives in LDPE as well as rheological property of materials on the cell morphology, mechanical properties and surface properties of microcellular injection molded LDPE based composites are presented. For the microcellular injection molding process, when 3 wt% of nanoclays are added into LDPE-based polymers, the cell morphology can be significantly improved due to the nucleating effects resulting from the broad interface areas between polymer and nanoclays. Also, the addition of low melt flow LDPE into high melt flow LDPE could achieve smaller and denser bubbles in the polymer matrix than neat high melt flow LDPE.     

酚醛模塑料改性及成型工艺研究进展

综述了酚醛模塑料及其成型工艺的研究进展。酚醛模塑料的改性方法主要包括基体树脂改性和填充改性,其中基体树脂改性可细分为结构改性、共聚改性和共混改性等。介绍了酚醛模塑料的主要成型工艺,包括模压成型工艺和注射成型工艺。分析了后固化处理工艺对产品性能的影响,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。     

电火花用于高分子材料表面改性

叙述了电火花处理对高分子材料表面结构与性能 ,以及处理条件对改性效果的影响 ,电火花引发高分子材料表面接枝改性的新方法。     

表面改性剂和硅油对HDPE/Al(OH)3力学性能的影响

探讨了各种表面改性剂和硅油对高填充HDPE/Al（OH)3复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明,使用经特殊表面改性剂处理的Al（OH)3作填料并加入硅油时,可以大幅度提高HDPE/Al（OH)3复合材料的缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率。利用扫描电镜和差示扫描量热仪研究了Al（OH)3的表面改性对硅油分布的影响,观察到硅油的两种分布类型;包覆Al(OH）3粒子和以液滴形式与Al(OH）3粒子单独分散于HDPE中,并将硅油的分布状况与材料的力学性能作了对比分析。     

硅芯管专用料HDPE 6100G

介绍了硅芯管的现状，生产工艺和生产原料，着重分析了扬子石油化工股份有限公司开发的HDPE6100G在硅芯管上的应用，试验结果表明，用HDPE6100G能生产出高质量的硅芯管。     

低压片状模塑料增稠工艺研究

采用氧化镁为增稠剂、结晶树脂以粉料形式加入而降低片材热模内粘度的工艺,改进了对低压片状模塑料的增稠方法。结果表明：采用此工艺,设备不需要加热,增稠符合传统SMC增稠曲线;片材在模腔内有较低的粘度,适宜于低压成型。     

Rapid formation of soft hydrophilic silicone elastomer surfaces

We report on the rapid formation of hydrophilic silicone elastomer surfaces by ultraviolet/ozone (UVO) irradiation of poly(vinylmethyl siloxane) (PVMS) network films. Our results reveal that the PVMS network surfaces render hydrophilic upon only a short UVO exposure time (seconds to a few minutes). We also provide evidence that the brief UVO irradiation treatment does not cause dramatic changes in the surface modulus of the PVMS network. We compare the rate of formation of hydrophilic silicone elastomer surfaces made of PVMS to those of model poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) and commercial-grade PDMS (Sylgard-184). We find that relative to PVMS, 20 times longer UVO treatment times are needed to oxidize the PDMS network surfaces in order to achieve a comparable density of surface-bound hydrophilic moieties. The longer UVO treatment times for PDMS are in turn responsible for the dramatic increase in surface modulus of UVO treated PDMS, relative to PVMS. We also study the formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) made of semifluorinated organosilane precursors on the PVMS-UVO and PDMS-UVO network surfaces. By tuning the UVO treatment times and by utilizing mono- and tri-functional organosilanes we find that while mono-functionalized organosilanes attach directly to the substrate, SAMs of tri-functionalized organosilanes form in-plane networks on the underlying UVO-modified silicone elastomer surface, even with only short UVO exposure times.     

PE—g—MAH对HDPE／PA6共混合金的增容作用

利用ＤＳＣ研究了ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混体系的增容作用,并讨论了ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混物的混容性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明：ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ能有效地增强ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混体系两相界面的相互作用,改善ＨＤＰＥ和ＰＡ６的相容性,是效果较好的增容剂。适量的ＰＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ的加入可使ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混合金的可混性能提高,并有一定的增强作用。     

注塑共混阻透容器成型技术

高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）／改性尼龙（ＭＰＡ）共混物经注塑用具有阻透性能的容器,该类容器可用于贮存以烃类作溶剂的农药、涂料等。研究了成型工艺、配方、成型设备及模具对容器阻透性能的影响。     

六（烯丙氧基）环三磷腈的合成及其在不饱和聚酯片状模塑料中的阻燃应用

以六氯环三磷腈（HCCP）、烯丙醇为原料,合成出含不饱和键的新型磷腈阻燃单体六（烯丙氧基）环三磷腈（HACP）,用傅里叶红外光谱、质谱、核磁氢谱和元素分析表征其结构。采用自制的HACP作为阻燃剂,将其应用于不饱和聚酯片状模塑料中,通过极限氧指数、扫描电子显微镜及力学性能测试研究了HACP对不饱和聚酯片状模塑料的阻燃性能及力学性能的影 响。结果表明,当HACP用量为15 ％ 时,不饱和聚酯片状模塑料的极限氧指数为36.0 ％,燃烧等级（UL 94）达到V-0级,残炭率提高,弯曲强度为214.63MPa,冲击强度为106.23 kJ/m2。     

以回收聚酯为主要原料的PET/PE合金片材的研制及应用

以自制接枝共聚相容剂,将回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(rPET)分别与全新线性低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)和回收聚乙烯(rPE-HD)共混改性,采用具备免干燥和侧面强制喂料系统的同向双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出rPET/PE合金片材(rPET与PE质量比为80:20),研究了不同厚度合金片材的性能.结果表明,使用rPET制备的合金...     

Heat Shrinkable Polymer Blends Based on Grafted Low Density Polyethylene and Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (Part-II)

Abstract

Heat shrinkability of the polymer which depends on elastic memory can be introduced into the system in the form of an elastomeric phase. The present study deals with the measurement of heat shrinkability of the blend of grafted polyethylene and CSM. Interchain crosslinking between grafted polyethylene and elastomer improved the shrinkability. Maleic anhydride and glycidyl acrylate is used as grafting materials. Glycin and 4 4prime; diamino diphenyl sulphone is used as coupling agents. Maximum amount of crosslinking is obtained when glycidyl acrylate is used as grafting agent Minimum amount of interchain crosslinking is observed when 4 4prime; diamino diphenyl sulphone is used as coupling agent. Probable interactions of rubber and plastic phase are confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Extraction of the elastomeric phase is restricted due to interchain crosslinking as confirmed by SEM study which is more prominent in the case of glycidyl acrylate grafted LDPE.     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of HDPE/AL(OH)3/silicone oil composite

The effect of surface modification on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the composites of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), silicone oil, and aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)₃] was investigated. The dispersion of silicone oil in the HDPE composites was studied by scanning electric microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the HDPE/Al(OH)₃/silicone oil composites, two types of dispersion structure of silicone oil were observed resulting from different surface modifications. In the composites surface modified with titanate NDZ‐130, calcium stearate, or oleic acid, silicone oil encapsulates around Al(OH)₃ particles, and both the notched impact strength and the elongation at break are very high. However, in the composites surface modified with silane KH‐550 or silane‐g‐HDPE, silicone oil and Al(OH)₃ particles separately disperse in HDPE, and both the notched impact strength and the elongation at break are very low. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1896–1903, 2002     

Low-molecular-weight materials on corona-treated polypropylene

—ESCA, wettability measurements, SEM, weight-loss determinations, and an ink adhesion test were used to characterize low-molecular-weight oxidized materials (LMWOM) formed during the corona-discharge treatment of polypropylene film. Water-soluble LMWOM is readily formed by scission processes occurring during corona treatment. The presence of water-soluble LMWOM complicates the interpretation of wettability-based measurements of corona effectiveness. Surface roughening on corona-treated polypropylene is caused by the interaction of LMWOM and water in a high-relative-humidity environment. LMWOM does not necessarily form a weak boundary layer that hinders subsequent adhesion of ink to the corona-treated film.     

功能性水性有机硅表面活性剂的研制

在无溶剂条件下,以204水溶性羟基硅油(204-S i),硅烷偶联剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)及甲苯二异氰酸酯(TD I)等为原材料,在反应温度70~75℃,反应时间3.5~4.0 h的条件下,合成出含功能基的改性水性有机硅,然后采用高速分散乳化技术,根据功能基含量的不同,成功地制备了一系列功能性表面活性剂(FSAA)的水分散物。采用红外光谱对有关产物进行了结构分析,并测定了水分散物的表面张力、透光率及黏度。结果表明:含功能基水性有机硅具有与基材发生交联反应等特性,w(FSAA)=1.0%时,根据功能基含量的不同,水的表面张力降低至20.00~25.00 N/m,当w(FSAA)=0.5%,原木浆纤维对其最高吸附率能达到62.5%。在小试成功的基础上,把按不同m(TD I-APTES)/m(204-S i)制得的该类功能性表面活性剂已成功地投入中试生产,效果良好。     

Combined effect of corona discharge and enzymatic treatment on the mechanical and surface properties of wool

The enzymatic treatment of textile fibers is a nontoxic and environmentally benign process. The objective of the present study is to investigate the improvement of physic-chemical characteristics of wool fabrics by surface modification induced by corona discharge and enzymatic treatment with protease and cellulose. Thus, it was found that, compared with pristine wool fabric, the enzyme-treated fabrics exhibited lower tensile strength, increased elongation, and higher alkali solubility. The surface roughness and the zeta potential of the enzyme-treated wool fabrics decreased with increasing treatment duration.