含锌阻燃剂对NER/OMMT-TPP体系阻燃聚丙烯的影响

将硼酸锌和氧化锌加入到酚醛环氧树酯/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料(NER/OMMT)与磷酸三苯酯(TPP)阻燃聚丙烯(PP)体系,考察了硼酸锌和氧化锌用量对PP阻燃、抑烟性能和力学性能的影响.在NER/OMMT与TPP总用量仅为10wt%的情况下加入4wt%的硼酸锌后,制得了氧指数高达31.5%的阻燃聚丙烯,并且烟雾产生总量比加入前下降了46.6%,在降低了材料的毒害性的同时很好地提高了其综合性能.     

氢氧化物对NER/OMMT与磷酸酯体系阻燃聚丙烯的影响

将氢氧化物加入到酚醛环氧树脂/有机蒙脱土(NER/OMMT)与磷酸酯阻燃聚丙烯(PP)体系,考察了氢氧化物和磷酸酯的种类和用量等对PP燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。在NER/OMMT与磷酸三苯酯(TPP)总用量仅为10wt%的情况下制得了氧指数高达30.0%的阻燃聚丙烯,并且热释放速率峰值比纯PP下降了49%,在降低了材料的毒害性的同时提高了其性能,为通用塑料工程化探索了一条行之有效的途径。     

氢氧化镁/膨润土协同阻燃聚丙烯的研究

进一步探究了改性氢氧化镁与其他阻燃剂的协同使用对聚丙烯材料性能的影响。结果表明:阴离子改性膨润土与氢氧化镁具有良好的协同阻燃作用,两者的比例影响其协同效果。当氢氧化镁和膨润土的质量比为37:3时,协同效果最好,材料的阻燃性能和机械性能都有改善。当协同阻燃剂的填充量为45%时,材料极限氧指数达到27.8,拉伸强度达到29 MPa。     

芳基磷酸酯/膨胀型阻燃剂协同阻燃PP的制备及性能研究

以间苯二酚双(二苯基)磷酸酯(RDP)为阻燃协效剂,与三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐(MPP)和季戊四醇(PER)组成的膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)复配,制备了具有良好阻燃性能的无卤阻燃聚丙烯(PP)。研究了RDP的用量对PP/IFR体系阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,并通过热重分析(TGA)和动态热机械分析(DMA)等手段对阻燃材料进行了表征。结果表明:RDP与IFR具有明显的协同阻燃作用。当RDP质量分数为5.0%时,阻燃PP的氧指数(LOI)从28.5%提高至30.5%,UL-94由V-1级提升至V-0级;此外,体系的缺口冲击强度也有较大幅度提高。     

Flame retardant mechanism of polymer/clay nanocomposites based on polypropylene

The combustion behavior and thermal-oxidative degradation of polypropylene/clay nanocomposite has been studied in this paper. The influence of compatibilizer, alkylammonium, organoclay, protonic clay and pristine clay is considered, respectively. The decrease of heat release rate (HRR) is mainly due to the delay of thermal-oxidative decomposition of the composites. The active sites on clay layers can catalyze the initial decomposition and the ignition of the composites. On the other hand, the active sites can catalyze the formation of a protective coating char on the samples. Moreover, the active sites can catalyze the dehydrogenation and crosslinking of polymer chains. Accordingly, the thermal-oxidative stability is increased and HRR is decreased.     

Preparation and Characterization of Conductive Polypyrrole/Organophilic Montorillonite Nanocomposite

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as organic intercalative modifier to prepare organophilic montorillonite OMMT-P. PPy/OMMT nanocomposites were prepared by the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) intercalated into the interlayer of OMMT. The effect of Py, OMMT, oxidant, and dopant content on nanocomposites' conductivity were studied, and the conductivity of PPy/OMMT-P was achieved as high as 15.0 S·cm^?1 when the molar ratio of FeCl₃ and Py is 2.50, the mass ratio of Py and OMMT-P is 0.25, and the TSANa concentration is 0.025 g·ml^?1. The structure and properties of the nanocomposites are characterized with FT-IR, TG, and XRD.     

Synergistic Effect of Montmorillonite and Intumescent Flame Retardant on Flame Retardance Enhancement of ABS

The synergistic effects of organic montmorillonite (OMMT) and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) based on the ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) on flame retardant enhancement of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) were investigated by using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), the UL-94 (vertical flame) test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The LOI data and vertical flame tests show that OMMT has a synergistic flame retardant effect with IFR and the LOI value of ABS/OMMT/IFR (96/4/20) reaches 28.7%. The TGA data demonstrate that the incorporation of OMMT and IFR is very effective in enhancing the thermal stability of ABS/OMMT/IFR system at high temperature (T > 500°C). The results of XRD show that the composite of ABS/OMMT is a kind of intercalated nanocomposite and the gallery height of ABS/OMMT nanocomposite is 3.5 nm. The microstructures observed by SEM demonstrate that a suitable amount of OMMT with IFR can promote formation of compact intumescent charred layers in ABS blends.     

Recent Research Progress on the Flame-Retardant Mechanism of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Polypropylene

Polypropylene (PP) is one of the five kinds of universal polymers that have greatly improved our life qualities. While a pestilent limitation of PP is its flammability. Usually, halogen-containing flame retardants (FRs) are used to improve its flame retard ability. However, the halogen-containing FRs are limited more and more strictly because they would produce environment problems, such as the release of corrosiveness smoke and toxicity combustion products. Hence, the researches of halogen-free FRs to replace the halogen-containing FRs become hot topics. In this article, the recent research progress of halogen-free FRs as additives for polypropylene and the flame retardant mechanism of halogen-free FRs are reviewed.     

电器用阻燃聚丙烯专用料的研制

以普通聚丙烯为原料 ,通过精选阻燃剂及加工助剂 ,采用阻燃剂复配技术 ,研制出了综合性能优良的电器用阻燃聚丙烯专用料。     

埃洛石复配阻燃剂对聚丙烯阻燃性能和力学性能的影响

用埃洛石、三聚氰胺作为阻燃剂,制备了无卤阻燃聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。通过氧指数(OI)、垂直燃烧、万能力学仪、扫描电镜分析研究了埃洛石复配阻燃剂对PP阻燃性能、力学性能的影响。结果表明:埃洛石复配阻燃剂可使PP复合材料通过UL94燃烧性能测试,在提高材料OI的同时,保持了其优良的力学性能。     

不同聚合度成炭剂在膨胀阻燃聚丙烯中的应用研究

以三聚氯氰、乙胺、乙醇胺和乙二胺为原料,通过控制物料比合成了4种不同聚合度的成炭-发泡剂(CFA)。将合成的CFA与聚磷酸铵(APP)及纳米二氧化硅复配成膨胀阻燃剂并添加到聚丙烯(PP)中,制备阻燃PP材料。通过热重分析、氧指数、垂直燃烧和力学性能测试研究了材料的热稳定性、阻燃性能和力学性能。结果表明:随着CFA聚合度的增加,膨胀阻燃体系对PP材料的阻燃效率相应提高;阻燃剂的加入提高了PP材料的热稳定性,CFA聚合度的变化对阻燃PP材料的力学性能影响不大。当CFA的聚合度为40时,阻燃PP材料的阻燃性能和热稳定性能均达到最佳。     

Synergistic Effect of Magnesium Hydroxystannate with Intumescent Flame Retardants on Thermal and Fire Safety Properties of Polypropylene

Magnesium hydroxystannate [MgSn(OH)₆, MgHS] was successfully prepared by a facile coprecipitation method. Then, MgHS was used to intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene systems. Thermogravimetry analysis results indicated that the introduction of MgHS can improve the thermal stability of the intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene system. Limiting oxygen index and UL-94 vertical burning test data show that the addition of MgHS can significantly improve the flame retardancy of intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene system. From the cone calorimetry results, it can be observed that the peak heat release rate is decreased in comparison with intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene. Moreover, the addition of MgHS significantly reduced the gaseous products, especially carbon monoxide.     

三聚氰胺包覆聚磷酸铵阻燃环氧树脂的研究

研究了三聚氰胺包覆聚磷酸铵(MPP)与季戊四醇(PER)阻燃环氧树脂的燃烧性能。通过热重分析初步探讨了MPP/PER阻燃剂对环氧树脂的阻燃机理。结果表明:MPP/PER对环氧树脂具有很好的阻燃作用,能有效提高环氧树脂的氧指数和垂直燃烧性能,降低环氧树脂的热释放速率,使燃烧过程变得稳定,降低环氧树脂的火灾危险性。热重分析表明:添加了阻燃剂以后,环氧树脂的初始分解温度降低,残炭量显著增加,阻燃剂发挥了凝聚相阻燃的作用。     

磷酸三苯酯/碱式硫酸镁晶须阻燃PP的研究

用磷酸三苯酯(TPP)与碱式硫酸镁晶须(WS-1)复配制备无卤阻燃聚丙烯(PP)材料.研究了TPP与WS-I的质量比及其总用量对PP阻燃性能、力学性能的影响,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)对阻燃PP进行了表征.结果表明,TPP与WS-1复配对PP具有较好的协同阻燃作用,在TPP与WS-1的质量比为2:3、总质量分数为13%时,可获得具有较好阻燃性能和力学性能的阻燃PP.     

环氧树脂/凹凸棒土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

采用共混法制备了凹凸棒土(AT)质量分数分别为1%、3%、5%、10%的环氧树脂(EP)/AT纳米复合材料,通过拉伸测试、SEM、DMA、TGA等测试方法对该纳米复合材料的形态结构和性能进行了研究。结果表明,AT在EP基体中基本达到均匀分散,与纯EP树脂相比,不同AT用量的纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均有所提高,表现出较好的韧性。此外,加入AT后,EP树脂的玻璃化转变温度有一定程度的增大,热分解温度有所提高。     

苯并噁嗪树脂用于ABS阻燃的研究

采用苯并噁嗪树脂(BOZ)与磷酸三苯酯(TPP)复配制备了无卤阻燃丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)共聚物.研究了阻燃体系各组分配比及用量对ABS的阻燃性能、力学性能及表面光泽度的影响.结果表明:BOZ与TPP对ABS具有良好的协同阻燃作用,当BOZ与TPP质量比为2:3,总添加量为30份时,可制备氧指数达33.7%并具有较好力学性能的无卤阻燃ABS.TGA曲线显示:TPP能促进BOZ成炭.表面光泽度结果显示:BOZ的加入可提高ABS的光泽度.     

聚焦磷酸哌嗪对聚丙烯材料燃烧性能的影响及其阻燃机理研究

通过两步反应,合成了聚焦磷酸哌嗪(PAPP)。将其应用到聚丙烯中,探究了PAPP对PP材料阻燃性能和热稳定性能的影响。燃烧性能测试显示,随着PAPP添加量的增加,PP/PAPP复合材料的极限氧指数(LOI)逐渐上升,PP/PAPP30复合材料达到V-0级。热失重测试(TG)显示,在高温区,PP/PAPP复合材料在N2和空气下均表现出较好热稳定性能。扫描电镜测试(SEM)显示,随着PAPP添加量的增加,材料燃烧后炭层的致密程度显著上升,可以有效地抑制热量和氧气的传输。能谱分析(EDS)显示,复合材料燃烧后炭层的形成主要是由于PAPP分解出的含P类物质促进所致。差示扫描量热测试(DSC)显示,随着PAPP添加量的增加,复合材料的结晶性能有一定程度的降低。力学性能测试表明,PAPP对材料断裂伸长率的影响更为明显。     

纳米磷酸酯与环氧树脂在聚丙烯中阻燃效果的研究

制备了磷酸三苯酯/蒙脱土复合阻燃剂,研究了环氧树脂作为共阻燃剂时的X射线衍射,表明把磷酸三苯酯（TPP）插入蒙脱土层间形成了TPP纳米复合材料,热重分析说明了纳米TPP的挥发温度比TPP的高.加入聚丙烯中,发现极限氧指数有比较大的提高.研究了环氧树脂作为共阻燃剂时的极限氧指数,讨论了添加剂对力学性能的影响.     

聚丙烯无卤阻燃材料的研究与展望

综述了近年来国内外聚丙烯阻燃技术、阻燃剂及阻燃机理的研究现状，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

无卤阻燃剂可膨胀石墨和聚磷酸铵对环氧树脂发烟性能的影响研究

采用建材烟密度测试仪分别研究了聚磷酸铵(APP)和膨胀石墨(EG)两种不同阻燃剂对环氧树脂(EP)发烟性能的影响。结果表明:随着EG在EP中添加量的增加,EP的烟密度等级(SDR)由67.70降至21.67,降幅高达68%,最大烟密度值(MSD)由97.00降至57.33,说明EG能够明显地改善EP的发烟性;而APP对EP发烟性的影响很小,随着APP在EP中添加量的增加,EP的SDR略有增大,由67.70增大至70.14,而MSD则略有下降,由97.00降至92.67。