船舶焊接工艺评定专家系统的研究与开发

焊接工艺评定是控制船舶焊接结构质量不可缺少的重要环节.本系统引入知识管理和专家推理,建立了基于网络环境的焊接工艺评定专家管理系统,实现了船舶焊接工艺评定过程中的数据和流程的全过程管理,对提升船舶焊接工艺评定的技术水平和推动企业的信息化建设都有着十分重要的意义.本文基于船舶焊接工艺评定专家管理系统的开发,论述了系统的总体...     

A Fault Diagnosis Expert System for a Heavy Motor Used in a Rolling Mill

A fault diagnosis expert system for a heavy motor used in a rolling mill is established in this paper.The fault diagnosis knowledge base was built,and its knowledge was represented by production rules.The knowledge base includes daily inspection system,brief diagnosis system and precise diagno-sis system.A pull-down menu was adopted for the management of the knowledge base.The system can run under the help of expert system development tools.Practical examples show that the expert system can diagnose faults rapidly and precisely.     

Expert systems and finite element structural analysis — a review

Finite element analysis of many engineering systems is practised more as an art than as a science. It involves high level expertise (analytical as well as heuristic) regarding problem modelling (e.g. problem specification, choosing the appropriate type of elements etc.), optical mesh design for achieving the specified accuracy (e.g. initial mesh selection, adaptive mesh refinement), selection of the appropriate type of analysis and solution routines and, finally, diagnosis of the finite element solutions. Very often such expertise is highly dispersed and is not available at a single place with a single expert. The design of an expert system, such that the necessary expertise is available to a novice to perform the same job even in the absence of trained experts, becomes an attractive proposition. In this paper, the areas of finite element structural analysis which require experience and decision-making capabilities are explored. A simple expert system, with a feasible knowledge base for problem modelling, optimal mesh design, type of analysis and solution routines, and diagnosis, is outlined. Several efforts in these directions, reported in the open literature, are also reviewed in this paper.     

知识库构建工具软件的设计与实现

人工智能研究领域之一的专家系统在工程设备上的应用需求较为广泛,但满足用户需求的应用实例很少,主要原因在于知识库构建复杂且困难,其质量得不到保障。针对这个问题,研究了知识获取存在的问题,开发了以故障树为核心表达方式的知识库构建工具软件,实现了故障诊断功能。根据工程实际需要,采用J2EE技术开发了一套B/S（browser/server,浏览器/服务器）模式知识库构建工具软件,并对知识库各模块进行了需求分析设计,包括知识模型的数据结构设计和业务层逻辑方法的设计。此外,还探讨了知识模型的多样性表达,以3种命名方式来表达完整的故障树。最后,通过实例说明了该知识库构建工具软件的可行性。研究结果表明：知识获取模块采用故障树表达方式,有利于知识库质量的提高;选择网页Web形式,可以实现多用户/多工位知识编辑和输入,显著提高知识获取效率。该知识获取辅助系统具有强通用性,为领域专家和工程师构建知识库提供了有力支持。     

A novel two-stage method for acquiring engineering-oriented empirical tacit knowledge

Engineering-oriented empirical tacit knowledge (ETK) is a kind of tacit knowledge originated from domain expert’s experience combined with practice cases and scenarios. It is an important source of organisation knowledge. However, due to operational and technical obstacles, this kind of knowledge is not sufficiently harnessed and put into practical use. To deal with this problem, a novel two-stage acquisition method is proposed in this paper. The acquisition method consists of two phases, the stage from ETK in the mind of expert to ETK in initial state, and the stage from ETK in initial state to structured ETK. It constructs a complete tacit knowledge acquisition process from the domain expert’s experience to the structured tacit knowledge. The objective is achieved by taking the following procedures: Firstly, present the concept of engineering-oriented ETK and a five-dimension representation model of ETK. Secondly, construct a two-stage ETK acquisition framework. Finally, describe an engineering decision case to validate the feasibility of the proposed approach. Satisfactory results are reached for the study.     

An intelligent data base system for composite material selection in structural design

This paper describes the development of a prototype intelligent data base system for composite material selection in structural design. This intelligent system integrates the expert system with the data base system to provide decision making support systems that exhibit some forms of intelligence. The overall architecture of this system is illustrated. The present capabilities of this system are discussed and demonstrated with an example problem.     

Knowledge Engineering Application in maintainability Design and Analysis

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An overview of MICKEY: A knowledge-based hardware-software codesign framework for microprocessor-based systems

We present the architecture of a second-generation expert system for the automated design of microprocessor-based systems. A novel feature is the integration of a device handbook knowledge base with a shallow expert system, to provide resilience and deep reasoning capability. The design tasks, knowledge sources, behaviour modelling scheme, behaviour mapping algorithms, and inter-layer communication are briefly described.     

案例知识的产品造型设计方法研究

目的为设计出符合消费者感性需求的产品,适应大规模定制的生产模式,缩短产品开发周期并方便企业后期的产品迭代,提出了一种应用已有产品案例进行产品快速设计的方法。方法以对象设计知识分类理论为基础,融入了消费者感性意象这一特征,建立了案例造型知识库模型,并由此模型指导案例各特征知识的获取,由此建立案例造型知识库。结论依据设计需求,应用案例造型知识库进行案例的检索、匹配、推理、变异,完成对四阀饮料机的方案设计,验证方法的可行性与高效性。     

专家系统中知识库与工艺曲线动态修改的研究

知识库构建的适当与否直接关系到专家系统的推理效率和使用情况。本文介绍了精密复杂刀具真空热处理专家系统中知识的表示和知识库的构建;总结了影响真空热处理工艺参数的因素,以专家知识的形式存储在知识库中,奠定了坚实的数据基础;论述推理模块的工艺曲线动态修改功能,并给出了精密复杂刀具真空热处理专家系统的具体实例。     

An application of an expert system in layout compaction of VLSI design

Abstract

Recent research in knowledge‐based expert systems of VLSI design tools has concentrated on placement, routing, and cell generation. This paper presents an alternative application for artificial intelligence (AI) techniques on compaction design for a VLSI mask layout‐expert compactor. In order to overcome the shortcomings of iterative search through a large problem space within a working memory, and therefore, to speed‐up the runtime of compaction, a set of rule‐based region query operations and knowledge‐based techniques for the plane sweep method are proposed in this system. Experimental results have explored the possibility of using expert system technology (EST) to automate the compaction process by “reasoning” out the layout design and applying sophisticated expert rules to its knowledge base.     

船舶焊接工艺知识管理技术研究

船舶焊接工艺设计涉及的工艺知识范围广泛,用到的信息和知识繁杂。因此,对船舶焊接工艺知识进行系统化表示,建立丰富的工艺知识库,不仅是船舶焊接工艺设计的基础,而且对船舶制造技术的提高具有重要意义。本文基于船舶焊接工艺知识管理系统（SWPKM）的开发,采用了面向对象建模和产生式规则技术,对船舶焊接工艺知识进行了全面分析,论述了船舶焊接工艺知识表示、工艺知识库构建等。     

汽轮发电机组故障诊断专家系统知识处理技术的研究

根据汽轮发电机组的层次模块化故障诊断的特点，建造了一个基于知识的汽轮发电机组故障诊断专家系统ＫＢＦＤＥＳ。就系统的组成及其功能原理和系统建造过程中的知识表示、知识库组织、推理机制、知识获取等重要功能模块进行论述，从而为建造类似设备的故障诊断专家系统提供一个易于实现的框架结构。     

A rule-based method for scalable and traceable evaluation of system architectures

Despite the development of a variety of decision-aid tools for assessing the value of a conceptual design, humans continue to play a dominant role in this process. Researchers have identified two major challenges to automation, namely the subjectivity of value and the existence of multiple and conflicting customer needs. A third challenge is however arising as the amount of data (e.g., expert judgment, requirements, and engineering models) required to assess value increases. This brings two challenges. First, it becomes harder to modify existing knowledge or add new knowledge into the knowledge base. Second, it becomes harder to trace the results provided by the tool back to the design variables and model parameters. Current tools lack the scalability and traceability required to tackle these knowledge-intensive design evaluation problems. This work proposes a traceable and scalable rule-based architecture evaluation tool called VASSAR that is especially tailored to tackle knowledge-intensive problems that can be formulated as configuration design problems, which is demonstrated using the conceptual design task for a laptop. The methodology has three main steps. First, facts containing the capabilities and performance of different architectures are computed using rules containing physical and logical models. Second, capabilities are compared with requirements to assess satisfaction of each requirement. Third, requirement satisfaction is aggregated to yield a manageable number of metrics. An explanation facility keeps track of the value chain all along this process. This paper describes the methodology in detail and discusses in particular different implementations of preference functions as logical rules. A full-scale example around the design of Earth observing satellites is presented.     

工程机械工业设计知识库构建方案研究

目的 对工程机械工业设计知识进行研究,探索工程机械工业设计知识库的建构方法与流程,有效利用工程机械工业设计知识,提高工程机械产品造型设计能力。方法 通过工程机械工业设计相关知识研究的梳理、设计知识的分类和现代信息论关于产品所传达信息的分类对工程机械工业设计知识进行梳理、分类,建立工程机械工业设计知识模型框架,构建工程机械工业设计知识库框架。结论 通过对工程机械工业设计知识进行设计学的分类重构,构建了工程机械工业设计知识库框架与流程,并将研究结果在实践中予以运用。工程机械工业设计知识库的建立,为设计师提供了数字化辅助设计资源,有利于设计师快速获取与重用工程机械造型设计知识,大大提高设计效率及产品创新能力,同时也给其他设计知识库开发提供参考。     

Knowledge-based functional design of industrial robots

This paper presents an expert functional design model and software modeling environment for designing the architecture of industrial robots. The modeling environment comprises an integrated knowledge base, an inference engine, a working memory, and an explanation unit and is implemented in CLIPS. The functional design model is based on the authors’ behaviour-driven, function-environment-structure (B-FES) formalism, which has been tailored to meet the special requirements of industrial robot design. A universal robot template has been created and a library of typical components of a robot has been compiled. Nine customized templates were generated from the universal template. Web links to the websites of manufacturers/suppliers provide easy access to data on robot components. The architectural design solutions are assessed by a set of user-defined performance criteria, such as precision, flexibility and short cycle time. Application of the approach is demonstrated through a case study of the functional design of a printed circuit board assembly robot. The authors argue that this approach is new for configuring robots and can significantly reduce the time, effort and number of errors made.     

基于知识工程的电子战知识模型设计与应用

 在电子对抗设备设计过程中,为了实现对已有知识的继承、管理、共享与重用,降低电子战系统在概念设计阶段的设计难度,缩短研发耗时,针对电子战系统在概念阶段方案设计过程中的复杂性及其涉及的知识繁多的问题,以广泛应用的数字接收机为主要研究对象,结合知识工程理论,建立结构化、标准化的电子战系统的知识模型,并以此模型为标准阐述建模的方法与准则.通过将所有知识模型用知识工程系统进行管理,达到对已有知识的继承、管理和共享的目的.这样,知识工程系统在知识模型的支持下,可向系统工程师提供多种备选概念设计方案并通过重用知识模型进行方案验证,实现对已有知识的重用,最终达到已有知识对电子战系统在概念阶段方案设计的支撑.     

包装机械故障诊断的新方法——神经网络专家系统(PMNS)

提出了一种基于知识与模糊神经网络专家系统故障诊断方法,设计了包装机械故障诊断的神经网络专家系统的知识获得、知识库、推理机制等主要功能模块,并实现了基于改进型神经网络的包装机械诊断专家系统。