热致性液晶/埃洛石纳米管/尼龙66导热原位混杂复合材料的结构与性能

采用熔融共混方法制备了热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)/埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)/尼龙66(PA66)原位混杂复合材料,研究了其导热性能、力学性能及微观形态。结果表明:在实验范围内,复合材料的导热性能及力学性能均随着HNTs含量的增加而提高,当HNTs质量分数增至40%时,复合材料的导热系数、热变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度及弯曲模量分别提高了134%、144%、15.3%、31.9%、231%;扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示,TLCP及HNTs均能在基体中均匀分散,并能观察到TCLP所形成的沿纤维轴方向取向的微纤及HNTs所形成的导热网链。     

Modification of Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer Rubber by Some Thermoplastic Polymers

Abstract

Blends of ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) rubber with thermoplastic polyolefins such as low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), high molecular weight polypropylene (PP), and polypropylene random copolymer grade (PP‐R) were prepared by melt mixing. The physico‐mechanical properties, equilibrium swelling in benzene, and aging properties of the binary blends were investigated, analyzing the effect of the rubber/thermoplastics ratio and the type of the thermoplastic material on these properties. The data obtained indicate that EPDM/PP‐R blend in 20/80 w/w% shows the highest physico‐mechanical properties with improved retained tensile strength at 90°C for 7 days. This blend ratio also gives excellent retained equilibrium swelling in benzene at room temperature for 7 days, although EPDM/LDPE blend in 80/20 w/w% imparts the highest retained elongation at break at 90°C for 7 days.     

Study on Blends of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber and Thermoplastic Polyurethanes

Blends of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) have been studied to understand the compatibility and morphology. The study was initially done with unmodified EPDM and subsequently with modified EPDM through maleation process. Mechanical properties of unmodified EPDM blends are improved with the addition of TPU. However, the appearance of two T _gs even at lower concentrations of PU in the blends indicates that the blends are incompatible. Blends of maleated EPDM with TPU showed a single T _g and further improvement in mechanical properties which is attributed to the improvement in compatibility as also confirmed by SEM analysis.     

The Effect of Arylboronic Acid Treatment of Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA66 Composites

PA66 composites filled with surface-treated carbon fiber were prepared by twin-screw extruder in order to study the influence of carbon fiber surface arylboronic acid treatment on the mechanical and tribological behavior of the PA66 composites (CF/PA66). The mechanical property, friction and wear tests of the composites with untreated and treated carbon fiber were performed and the worn surface morphology was analyzed. The results show that the worn surface area of the treated carbon fiber was far smoother than that of the untreated carbon fiber and there formed a bonding adhesion on the carbon fiber surface after treatment. The tensile strength of CF/PA66 composites with surface arylboronic acid treatment was improved. The friction coefficient and wear of arylboronic acid treated CF/PA66 composites were apparently lower than that with untreated carbon fiber. In conclusion, the surface treatment favored the improvement of the higher interface strength and so had good effect on improving the tribological properties of the composites.     

PPS/PA66/HNTs复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混方法制备了聚苯硫醚(PPS)/尼龙-66(PA66)/埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)复合材料,研究了其力学性能、热性能及其微观形态.结果表明:当PPS/PA66的比为60/40、HNTs的含量为30%时,复合材料具有较好的性能.复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲模量及缺口抗冲击强度相对纯PPS分别提高了36.6%、163....     

聚酰胺-66/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备和性能研究

本文通过溶液法制备了一系列聚酰胺 66/羟基磷灰石复合材料。用IR ,TGA和燃烧实验对复合材料的结构和组成进行了表征 ,并对复合材料的热稳定性 ,力学性能和生物安全性及生物活性进行了初步研究。结果表明所制备的聚酰胺 66/羟基磷灰石复合材料 ,组成均一 ,具有良好的热稳定性和力学性能 ,良好的生物安全性和生物活性 ,可能作一种新的骨修复材料 ,在生物医学材料的研究中具有重要意义     

POE-g-MA对nano-CaCO3/PA66复合材料结构和性能的影响

通过双螺杆熔融共混法制备了纳米碳酸钙/马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物/尼龙66(nano-CaCO3/POE-g-MA/PA66)三元复合材料,采用SEM、DSC和XRD等手段表征了材料的形貌和结构,研究了弹性体POE-g-MA的含量和物料共混顺序对nano-CaCO3/PA66(20/80)复合材料力学性能﹑加工性能和复合材料形貌的影响。研究表明,POE-g-MA与尼龙基体具有较好的相容性,能细微地分散在复合材料中。POE-g-MA能促进复合材料中PA66的结晶,有效改善nano-CaCO3/PA66复合材料的冲击性能﹑断裂伸长率和加工性能。与一步同时共混法相比较,nano-CaCO3先与PA66共混后再与POE-g-MA共混的二步共混法,更有利于提高nano-CaCO3的分散程度和nano-CaCO3/POE-g-MA/PA66(20/10/70)三元复合材料的综合力学性能。     

Study on the Friction and Wear Behaviors of Modified PA66 Composites

The wear-resistant polyamide 66 (PA66) composites were prepared and the mechanical properties, friction and wear properties were inspected. Results show that GF, PTFE and MoS₂ can improve the mechanical, friction and wear properties of PA66 composites. PTFE is more effective on the friction and wear properties than MoS₂ when GF is 30%wt. The best effect of the modification is 35%wt GF when both PTFE and MoS₂ were added. Friction coefficient first increase, then reduce to be stable as sliding time increases. Friction coefficient and wear mass loss increase as load increases. The main wear mechanisms are fatigue and abrasion wears.     

纳米改性氢氧化铝/尼龙66复合材料的制备及其力学性能的研究

将自制的纳米改性氢氧化铝(CG-ATH),用不同表面改性剂进行改性,以不同比例添加到PA66中,制得复合材料.该种复合材料的阻燃性能、拉伸性能和冲击性能都有所改善,纯尼龙66与添加40份CG-ATH/PA66复合材料相比较,极限氧指数(LOI)从25提高到29,拉伸性能提高了31%,冲击强度提高了8.6%.但是,随着CG-ATH添加量的增加,复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能均逐渐变差.     

Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR) and Its Application in Halogen-Free Flame Retardant Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM)

The PDP, a novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) with high charred residue of 40.8% in N2 at 700°C by TGA was synthesized successfully for preparing halogen-free flame-retardant EPDM composites. The UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved for EPDM composites with 20 phrs carbon black at the same time by using only 60 phrs PDP. In situ FTIR spectroscopy reveals that P–N rich charred residues are formed through the interaction between hydrogen atom in weak base of P–NH–C and phosphate. SEM characterizes the formation of intumescent chars during burning. The mechanical properties of composites are also discussed.     

Curing Characteristics,Morphological, Tensile and Thermal Properties of Bentonite-Filled Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer (EPDM) Composites

Bentonite (Bt) with irregular shape and surface morphology was used as a new type of filler in EPDM. EPDM/Bt composites were prepared using a laboratory size two-roll mill by adding 0 to 70 phr Bt. The effects of Bt loading on curing characteristics, morphology, tensile and thermal properties of EPDM/Bt composite were studied. Scorch and curing time were decreased with 0 to 30 phr loading and increased subsequently at 50 and 70 phr. Tensile strength and elongation at break (E_b) were increased with increasing Bt loading from 0 to 50 phr and decreased at 70 phr, whereas the tensile modulus (M100%) shows an increasing trend with increasing Bt loading. Thermogravimetric analysis shows the enhancements of thermal properties with increasing Bt loading. Morphological studies of tensile fracture surfaces of EPDM/Bt composite proves good interaction between Bt particles and EPDM at 50 phr and formation of Bt agglomerates at 70 phr.     

长玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料性能的研究

在自制装置中用硅烷偶联剂KH550对长玻纤(LGF)进行表面处理后,采用熔融共混法制备了尼龙66/长玻纤复合材料。采用微机全自动热膨胀系数测定仪记录了玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料的热膨胀曲线,分析了玻纤含量、温度对复合材料热膨胀系数的影响,结果表明,随着玻纤含量的增加,复合材料的热膨胀系数显著下降,最大降低了74.2%;随着温度的升高,复合材料的热膨胀系数先增大后减小最后趋于平衡,转折温度在37℃左右。测试了复合材料的力学性能,结果显示复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度随玻纤含量的增加而大幅度提高,最大分别增加了173%、186%和283%。通过扫描电镜观察到玻纤嵌入尼龙66基体中,与尼龙66形成了良好的界面黏结。     

Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PA66 Short Fiber-Reinforced Poly(propylene carbonate) Composite via Hydrogen Bonding Interaction and Its Rheological Responses

Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) was reinforced by polyamide 66 short fiber (SF-PA66) through hydrogen-bonding interaction. The tensile and impact strength, thermal stability of composites increased when the SF-PA66 content ranges from 5 to 20%, then decreased at 30%. The increment in impact strength, decomposition temperature of 5% mass loss and glass transition temperature of PPC/20%PA66 is 315.81%, 32.2 and 3.8°C, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy results illuminate that the introduction of hydrogen-bonding interaction between PPC and SF-PA66. Moreover, the network structure formed when SF-PA66 content is higher than 20 wt%. It is confirmed by rheological responding curves that a plateau at low angle frequency occurs. In addition, a significant aggregation of SF-PA66 occurs when its content is 30 wt%, which causes the decrease in mechanical and thermal properties of PPC/SF-PA66 composites.     

The Effect of Functionalized Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber (EPDM) on the Kinetics of Sulfur Vulcanization of Normal Rubber/EPDM Blends

The effect of mercapto‐ and anhydride‐functionalized ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) or ethylene–vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers on the vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber/EPDM blends was investigated using the oscillatory disk rheometer. The mercapto groups in both EPDM and EVA copolymers resulted in a significant decrease of the curing time. The Coran's model was applied to set the kinetic constants within each distinct step of the vulcanization process. The highest curing velocity was perceived in a blend containing 2.5 phr of mercapto‐functionalized EVA. The functionalized EVA, especially that which was functionalized with anhydride groups, also displayed a lower solvent uptake on blending, which would imply an increase of the crosslink density as well a covulcanization phenomenon.

     

苯并噁嗪协效二乙基次磷酸铝阻燃PA66复合材料的制备及性能

以双酚A型苯并噁嗪（BOZ）作为成炭协效剂，与二乙基次磷酸铝（ADP）复配,通过熔融共混制备了阻燃尼龙66（PA66）复合材料。通过垂直燃烧测试（UL94）、极限氧指数（LOI）、锥形量热（Cone）、扫描电镜（SEM）以及热分析（TG/DTG）等考察了复合材料的协同阻燃性能及作用机制。结果表明：BOZ和ADP具有良好的协同阻燃效应。适量BOZ的引入不但可以提高材料的阻燃性能，还可以改善材料的热稳定性，并且对材料的力学性能影响不大。添加0.3wt%BOZ和7.7wt%ADP时，ADP/BOZ阻燃PA66复合材料的垂直燃烧达到UL94 V-0级，LOI达到了32.8%，拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别为81.52、111.11MPa。阻燃机理研究表明：ADP/BOZ和ADP都是以气相阻燃作用为主的气相和凝聚相协同阻燃机制。     

POE和POE-g-MA对PA66复合材料结构和性能的影响

分别研究了乙烯一辛烯共聚物（POE）和马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MA）对尼龙66（PA66）和20wt％纳米碳酸钙／尼龙66（nano-CaCOJPA66）复合材料力学性能和熔体流动速率（MFR）的影响,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描式量热法（DSC）和X射线衍射（XRD）等观察和表征了复合材料的形貌和结构。研究表明,POE或POE-g-MA可改善PA66熔体的加工性能,提高PA66的结晶温度。与非相容性POE／PA66和20wt％纳米CaCOJPOE／PA66共混体系相比较,POE-g-MA能明显地细微分散在PA66和20wt％CaCOJPA66复合材料中,促进界面结合,通过有效应力传递赋予复合材料较高的冲击韧性．使拉伸强度的降低程度减弱。     

PA66/UHMWPE合金的力学性能和微观结构研究

制备了PA66／uHMwPE／HDPE-g-MAH共混合金，并对其力学性能和微观结构进行了研究。结果表明，随着UHMWPE质量分数的增加，共混合金常温和低温下的缺口冲击强度都显著提高，拉伸强度和拉伸模量下降，但仍能保持较高的力学性能；添加了UHMWPE的PA66合金的断裂面有大量的空穴产生和应力发白现象。     

不同膨胀体积改性膨胀石墨及其填充PA66性能

采用化学氧化法制备了不同膨胀体积的膨胀石墨(EG),通过聚丙烯酸酯对不同膨胀体积的EG进行包覆改性,利用改性后的EG制备改性EG/聚酰胺66(PA66)复合材料,研究了不同膨胀体积的改性EG对复合材料力学性能和导热性能的影响。结果表明,EG经丙烯酸酯改性后,EG的表面粗糙度和活性基团明显增加;复合材料弹性模量和弯曲强度均随改性EG膨胀体积的增加而增加,与未膨胀石墨相比,分别提升了36.1%、25.8%;拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和热导率随膨胀体积的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势。拉伸强度在EG膨胀体积为40 mL/g时达到最大值,为75.6 MPa;热导率在膨胀体积为20 mL/g时最佳,为2.56 W/(m·k),与未膨胀石墨相比,拉伸强度和热导率分别提升了33.3%和30.1%。     

聚碳酸酯/尼龙6共混体系动态流变性能研究

采用平板动态流变仪研究了聚碳酸酯/尼龙6(PC/PA6)共混体系在设定温度下的动态流变性能,并探讨了增容剂用量、剪切频率等因素对高聚物动态复合黏度、动态储能模量及损耗因子等动态流变参数的影响。结果表明,PA6的加入明显改善了PC的加工流动性,3种增容剂的加入增强了分子间作用力和分子链之间的缠结,提高了界面黏合力。     

Studies on Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber and Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends: The Effect of Maleation

Blends of maleated ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) have been studied to understand the effect of the maleation level of EPDM on the compatibility and morphology of the blends. Blends with different maleation levels on EPDM (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 wt%) were compared for mechanical, thermal, and other properties. The appearance of single T _g for 0.5% and 0.75% confirms that a maleation level of more than 0.5 wt% is required for EPDM blends with TPU. However, best mechanical properties are obtained for 0.5% maleated EPDM and TPU blends. Aging, filler reinforcement, and weather resistance measurements were also studied for the blends of varying maleation levels.