十八烷基缩水甘油醚的合成及其增容尼龙6/高密度聚乙烯共混体系的研究

利用十八醇和环氧氯丙烷反应合成了十八烷基缩水甘油醚(OGE),并将其作为熔融共混方法中的增容剂,制备了尼龙6(PA6)/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)共混材料。研究了OGE用量对共混物的热性能、结晶行为、形态结构、力学性能及吸水性的影响。结果表明,OGE促进了HDPE在PA6基体中的分散,在保持共混材料吸水率的同时,有效改善了共混物的力学性能,与未加入增容剂的PA6/HDPE共混物相比,OGE含量为2.9%(m/m)时,共混材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸模量、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度分别提高了12%、33%、95%、6%,拉伸强度基本保持不变,而弯曲模量下降了8%。     

利用回收LDPE/PVDC复合薄膜制备共混材料的研究

以回收低密度聚乙烯/聚偏氯乙烯(LDPE/PVDC)复合薄膜为基体材料,低密度聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸(LDPE-g-AA)为相容剂,线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)为改性剂,再加入液体钙-锌(Ca-Zn)热稳定剂,通过混合、挤出、注塑工艺制备共混材料。采用刚果红法分析了Ca-Zn稳定剂对复合薄膜中PVDC热稳定性能的影响,并对共混材料的力学性能、阻隔性能和微观形态进行了测试与分析。结果表明:加入1.2份Ca-Zn稳定剂后,共混材料的刚果红试纸起始变色时间和完全变色时间分别延长了67 s和354 s,起始变色温度和完全变色温度分别提高了8℃和11℃;含3%LDPE-g-AA的共混材料,PVDC嵌入LDPE材料中,相容性明显改善,其缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率提高,吸油率下降;含20%LLDPE及3%LDPE-g-AA的共混材料,其拉伸强度为14.43 MPa、断裂伸长率为389.11%、缺口冲击强度为29.51 kJ/m2、吸油率为14.40%,力学性能和阻隔性能优良。     

尼龙66和马来酸酐LDPE接枝共聚物的力学性能

将马来酸酐和LDPE进行接枝反应后得到的共聚物，和尼龙66共混，由于LDPE－g-MAH上的酸酐基团与尼龙66上的胺基相互作用，它们有很好的相容性，随着LDPE－g-MAH加入量的增加，尼龙66的冲击韧性有很大提高。     

POM／LDPE共混改性新品级的研究

本文对ＰＯＭ／ＬＤＰＥ／增容剂共混增容改性进行了研究，研究结果表明：增容剂的加入，使ＰＯＭ／ＬＤＰＥ体系中ＬＤＰＥ分散均匀，ＰＯＭ球晶细化，物理力学性能得到改善，且增容剂的用量控制在５－７％为最佳。所研制的新品级的主要性能指标为：拉伸强度５０－６０ＭＰａ，缺口冲击强度≥１２ｋＪ／ｍ＾２，制作的小模数齿轮精度等级达７级，摩擦系数为０．２０－０．３０。     

Structure and properties of polyamide 6 blends with low‐density polyethylene grafted by itaconic acid and with neutralized carboxyl groups

A comparative study of the structure and properties of two‐phase blends of polyamide 6 (PA6) and low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) modified in the course of reactive extrusion, by grafting of itaconic acid (IA) without neutralization of carboxyl groups (LDPE‐g‐IA) and with neutralized carboxyl groups (LDPE‐g‐IA^?M⁺) was carried out. It was shown that 30 wt % of LDPE‐g‐IA^?M⁺ introduced to PA6 resulted in blends of higher Charpy impact strength compared with that of PA6/LDPE‐g‐IA blends. The maximum increase was achieved when Mg(OH)₂ was used as a neutralizing agent. The blend morphology has a two‐phase structure with blurred interphases because of increased adhesion between the phases. The neutralization of carboxyl groups in grafted IA did not lead to two‐phase morphology of blends, which had a negative influence on the mechanical properties. It is believed that the differences in the impact strength were caused by the influence of the added neutralizing agents on the structure of interphases, which depends on both the interfaces adhesion and structural effects resulting from the nucleating behavior of the neutralizing agent. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1702–1708, 2004     

Influence of chemical and mechanical compatibilization on structure and properties of polyethylene/polyamide blends

LDPE/PA6 binary blends and LDPE/PA6/compatibilizer ternary blends were prepared in a Brabender extruder, equipped with a prototype static mixer. Compatibility of the components was estimated by rheological properties (viscosity and a melt flow index), and observations of the structure were made with the help of scanning electron microscopy and tensile strength. It was found that the blends' structure and properties are dependent on the recipe content of the polymer blends and the conditions of their manufacturing. Uniformity of the blends of the thermodynamically immiscible polymers was improved by using a prototype static mixer giving mechanical compatibilization and a compatibilizer giving chemical compatibilization. LDPE grafted with a maleic anhydride (LDPE-g-MAH) was used as a compatibilizer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 719–727, 1998     

PP—g —HMA增容尼龙6／聚丙烯共混物结构与性能研究

采用固相力化学方法制备的聚丙烯接枝羟甲基丙烯酰胺作增容剂,制备了尼龙6／聚丙烯共混物,通过SEM、DSC、流变性能测试和力学性能测试研究了共混物的结构、流变性能和力学性能。 结果表明,当尼龙6体积分数为80％时,增容共混体系中冲击强度出现峰值,达到77J／m,分散相尺寸变小,增容共混体系熔融粘度增加。通过Molau实验和FT－IR分析对增容机理作了初步探讨。     

EBA-g-MAH共聚物增容PA6/ABS共混体系的聚集态结构与性能

通过熔融共混法制备了EBA-g-MAH增容PA6/ABS共混物,采用FTIR、SEM、DSC等测试了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的增容作用;并讨论了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的结晶性、力学性能及吸水率的影响。研究结果表明:EBA-g-MAH与PA6发生化学反应所生成的接枝物对PA6/ABS共混物有较好的增容作用,使分散相尺寸明显减小;PA6/ABS共混物的冲击强度得到很大的提高,比纯PA6提高430%,吸水性也得到改善,但是拉伸强度有所降低。DSC研究表明:EBA-g-MAH的加入抑制了PA6/ABS共混物中PA6的结晶,使PA6结晶度降低。     

LDPE/SBS-g-MAN增韧PA-6和增容PA-6/LDPE的研究

对ＭＡＨ接枝ＬＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ制备复合相容剂ＬＤＰＥ／ＳＢＳ ｇ ＭＡＮ及其对ＰＡ ６的增韧作用和对ＰＡ ６／ＬＤＰＥ的增容作用进行研究,并对菜混物的力学性能、微观形态结构进行了分析     

Mechanical properties and morphology of PA6/EVA blends

The mechanical properties of blends of polyamide6 (PA6) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) at a blending composition of 0–50 wt % EVA were studied. The notched Izod impact strength of PA6 increased with the incorporation of EVA, the increase being more than 100% compared to PA6 at 10% EVA. The tensile strength and the tensile modulus of the blends decreased steadily as the weight percent of EVA increased. Analysis of the tensile data using predictive theories indicated the extent of the interaction of the dispersed phase and the matrix up to 20 wt % EVA. SEM studies of the cryogenically fractured surfaces indicated increase in the dispersed phase domain size with EVA concentrations. On the other hand, impact fractured surfaces of PA6/EVA blends indicated debonding of EVA particles, leaving hemispherical bumps, indicating inadequate interfacial adhesion between PA6 and EVA. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1593–1606, 2002     

低分子量马来酸酐化聚丁二烯橡胶改性聚丙烯增韧尼龙6的性能

采用模量和强度更高的PP代替LDPE为核,在PP上接枝不同含量的PB-g-MAH(MLPB),在反应挤出过程中与PA6中形成了新型的核/壳(PP/PB-g-MAH)橡胶增韧体系。结果表明:硬核/软壳的增韧体系(PP/PA6)是一种十分有效的方式,能使共混物获得更好的缺口冲击强度、拉伸屈服强度和弹性模量之间的平衡。当PB-g-MAH含量为5%时,增韧体系缺口冲击强度可达480 J/m,而模量和屈服强度分别为2.13 GPa和54 MPa,相对纯尼龙6只有15%和13%的模量和屈服强度损失。     

长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6的力学性能研究

采用一种新的熔融浸渍工艺制备了长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料,研究了玻纤含量、玻纤长度分布对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,在玻纤质量分数为50％时复合材料的拉伸强度为234MPa,弯曲强度为349MPa,弯曲弹性模量为11．4GPa,缺口冲击强度为313J／m,综合力学性能明显优于短玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料。     

PA6/TLCP/POE-g-MAH原位复合材料的制备与性能

尼龙6(PA6)虽有很多优良的性能,但由于它具有强极性的特点,使其吸水率高,尺寸稳定性和电性能差.同时,由于PA6材料在干态和低温下脆性大、冲击强度差,导致材料使用寿命缩短,这些缺陷都极大地限制了它的应用.本研究采用液晶聚合物(TLCP)对PA6进行改性,使其在加工过程中形成原位复合材料,同时为了改善液晶聚合物与PA6...     

Reactive extrusion for the synthesis of nylon 12 and maleated low‐density polyethylene blends via the anionic ring‐opening polymerization of lauryllactam

Nylon 12 was successfully synthesized in a twin‐screw extruder via the anionic ring‐opening polymerization of lauryllactam (LL). Maleated low‐density polyethylene (LDPE–MAH) was added to improve the mechanical properties of nylon 12. The in situ blends of nylon 12 and LDPE–MAH were characterized by mechanical testing and scanning electron microscopy. With increasing LDPE–MAH content, the tensile strength and flexural strength decreased, whereas the blend had improved impact strength and achieved supertoughness when the content of LDPE–MAH was 30 wt %. In the in situ formed low‐density polyethylene‐g‐PA12 copolymer, the domain of the LDPE–MAH phase was finely dispersed in the nylon 12 matrix. The good interface between the two phases demonstrated that LDPE–MAH could be used as a macromolecular activator to induce the polymerization of LL. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

PA6/POE/SWR-3A超韧共混改性的研究

采用SWR-3A（POE—g—MAH）作为增容剂，研究了POE对PA6／POE／SWR-3A共混物的力学性能、耐热性和流变性能的影响。结果表明：在12．5份增容剂SWR-3A存在的条件下，随着POE 8150用量增大，共混物的缺口冲击强度不断增大，而拉伸强度、维卡耐热温度、表观粘度降低。当POE 8150用量超过12．5份时，共混物达到超韧。在PA6／POE／SWR-3A共混体系中，SWR-3A具有增容和增韧的双重作用。     

PA6／HDPE／EVA三元共混改性的研究

研究了PA6/HDPE、PA6/HDPE/EVA共混物的密度、热性能和力学性能。PA6/HDPE/EVA三元共混物的力学性能比PA6/HDPE二元共混物有明显提高。对于拉伸强度,EVA的最佳含量在2～4份。冲击强度随EVA含量的增加而提高,EVA的含量小于5份时,对共混物的硬度几乎没有影响。     

滑石粉/LDPE核壳结构粒子增强增韧回收PP的研究

研究了以滑石粉为硬核、低熔点高熔体流动速率低密度聚乙(烯LDPE)为软壳的核壳结构粒子的制备方法,并用该核壳结构粒子与回收PP进行共混改性,研究了核壳结构粒子对回收PP复合材料力学性能、加工流动性能和耐热性能的影响。结果表明:当核壳结构粒子用量为30份时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度为16.1 J/m,拉伸强度为28.79 MPa,弯曲强度为39.01 MPa,弯曲模量为1 535 MPa;用滑石粉/低熔点高MFR的LDPE制备的核壳结构粒子填充回收PP后的复合材料的熔体流动性较好适,合工业化生产。     

Ionomer compatibilised PA6/EVA blends: mechanical properties and morphological characterisation

The compatibilisation of PA6/EVA blends with the addition of an ionomer on the mechanical properties and morphology were studied as a function of ionomer concentration with the primary aim of enhancing the impact strength of PA6 by EVA. The level of EVA was kept at 20%, which formed the dispersed phase, and the ionomer content was varied from 0 to 1.6 wt%. It was found that notched Izod impact strength of PA6/EVA/ionomer blends increased with the incorporation of ionomer to about three times of the value for uncompatibilised PA6/EVA blends. Further, it was observed that on incorporation of the ionomer the tensile strength also increased significantly. Analysis of the tensile data using predictive theories indicated an enhanced interaction of the dispersed phase and the matrix. SEM studies of cryogenically fractured surfaces indicated a decrease in dispersed phase domain size with the addition of the ionomer, while the impact fractured surfaces of PA6/EVA blends indicated extensive deformation with the formation of rumples indicating increased interfacial adhesion as compared to PA6/EVA blends. An attempt has been made to evaluate the compatibilising efficiency of ionomer in PA6/EVA blends.     

PP-g-GMA的制备及其增容PP/PA6共混物的性能

通过熔融接枝反应制备了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-GMA）,并将其作为聚丙烯/聚酰胺6（PP/PA6）共混物的相容剂,研究了PP-g-GMA对PP/PA6共混物的力学性能及形态结构的影响。结果表明,采用滴定法测得PP-g-GMA接枝率为3.35 %;当PP-g-GMA的添加量为4 %（质量分数,下同）和8 %时,PP/PA6/PP-g-GMA共混物的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别较PP/PA6共混物提高了32.4 %和60.4 %;PP-g-GMA显著改善了PP/PA6 共混物的界面相容性,是PP/PA6共混物的有效增容剂。     

PA 6原位成纤复合改善PP的力学性能

采用挤出-热拉伸-淬冷法制备均聚聚丙烯(PP-H)/聚酰胺(PA)6原位成纤复合材料,研究PA 6的原位微纤化对PP-H力学性能的影响。结果表明:实验设计工艺可实现PA 6在PP-H基体中的原位微纤化,纤维直径约为0.5～2.0μm,但PA 6微纤与PP-H基体的界面结合性差,对PP-H的力学性能改善不佳;添加少量增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯,可显著改善PP-H的力学性能,当w(PA 6)为15%时,添加少量增容剂后,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、简支梁缺口冲击强度分别为未添加增容剂时的1.27,1.39,1.49倍;注塑温度对复合材料中PA 6分散相的形态及材料力学性能有明显影响,高温注塑试样的力学性能普遍低于低温注塑试样。